Behaalotecha
Behaalotecha, Behaalotcha, Beha'alotecha, Beha'alotcha, Beha'alothekha, or Behaaloscha is the 36th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the third in the Book of Numbers. The parashah tells of the Menorah in the Tabernacle, the consecration of the Levites, the Second Passover, how pillars of cloud and fire led the Israelites, the silver trumpets, how the Israelites set out on their journeys, the complaints of the Israelites, and how Miriam and Aaron questioned Moses. The parashah comprises Numbers 8:1–12:16. It is made up of 7,055 Hebrew letters, 1,840 Hebrew words, 136 verses, and 240 lines in a Torah Scroll.
Jews generally read it in late May or in June. As the parashah sets out some of the laws of Passover, Jews also read part of the parashah, Numbers 9:1–14, as the initial Torah reading for the last intermediate day of Passover.
Readings
In traditional Sabbath Torah reading, the parashah is divided into seven readings, or, aliyot.First reading—Numbers 8:1–14
In the first reading, God told Moses to tell Aaron to mount the seven lamps so as to give light to the front of the Menorah in the Tabernacle, and Aaron did so. God told Moses to cleanse the Levites by sprinkling on them water of purification, and making them shave their whole bodies and wash their clothes. Moses was to assemble the Israelites around the Levites and cause the Israelites to lay their hands on the Levites. Aaron was to designate the Levites as a wave offering from the Israelites. The Levites were then to lay their hands in turn on the heads of two bulls, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, to make expiation for the Levites.Second reading—Numbers 8:15–26
In the second reading, the Levites were qualified for the service of the Tent of Meeting, in place of the firstborn of the Israelites. God told Moses that Levites aged 25 to 50 were to work in the service of the Tent of Meeting, but after age 50 they were to retire and could stand guard but not perform labor.Third reading—Numbers 9:1–14
In the third reading, at the beginning of the second year following the Exodus from Egypt, God told Moses to have the Israelites celebrate Passover at its set time. But some were unclean because they had had contact with a corpse and could not offer the Passover sacrifice on the set day. They asked Moses and Aaron how they could participate in Passover, and Moses told them to stand by while he listened for God's instructions. God told Moses that whenever Israelites were defiled by a corpse or on a long journey on Passover, they were to offer the Passover offering on the 14th day of the second month—a month after Passover—otherwise in strict accord with the law of the Passover sacrifice. But those who were clean and not on a journey refrained from offering the Passover sacrifice were to be cut off from their kin.Fourth reading—Numbers 9:15–10:10
In the fourth reading, starting the day that the Tabernacle was set up, a cloud covered the Tabernacle by day, and a fire rested on it by night. Whenever the cloud lifted from the Tent, the Israelites would follow it until the cloud settled, and there the Israelites would make camp and stay as long as the cloud lingered. God told Moses to have two silver trumpets made to summon the community and to set it in motion. Upon long blasts of the two horns, the whole community was to assemble before the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. Upon the blast of one, the chieftains were to assemble. Short blasts directed the divisions encamped on the east to move forward, and a second set of short blasts directed those on the south to move forward. As well, short blasts were to be sounded when the Israelites were at war against an aggressor who attacked them, and the trumpets were to be sounded on joyous occasions, festivals, new moons, burnt offerings, and sacrifices of well-being.Fifth reading—Numbers 10:11–34
In the fifth reading, in the second month of the second year, the cloud lifted from the Tabernacle and the Israelites set out on their journeys from the wilderness of Sinai to the wilderness of Paran. Moses asked Hobab son of Reuel the Midianite to come with the Israelites, promising to be generous with him, but he replied that he would return to his native land. Moses pressed him again, noting that he could serve as the Israelites' guide. They marched three days distance from Mount Sinai, with the Ark of the Covenant in front of them, and God's cloud above them by day.Sixth reading—Numbers 10:35–11:29
The sixth reading records two prayers of Moses: when the Ark was to set out, Moses would say: "Advance, O Lord! May Your enemies be scattered, and may Your foes flee before You!" and when it halted, he would say: "Return, O Lord, You who are Israel's myriads of thousands!" In a scroll, these two verses are buttressed by inverted/backward 's.The people took to complaining bitterly before God, and at Taberah God ravaged the outskirts of the camp with fire until Moses prayed, and then the fire died down. The riffraff in their midst felt a gluttonous craving and the Israelites complained, "If only we had meat to eat! Moses in turn complained to God, "Why have You… laid the burden of all this people on me? God told Moses to gather 70 elders, so that God could come down and put some of the spirit that rested on Moses on them, so that they might share the burden of the people. And God told Moses to tell the people to purify themselves, for the next day they would eat meat. But Moses questioned how enough flocks, herds, or fish could be found to feed 600,000. God answered: "Is there a limit to the Lord's power?" Moses gathered the 70 elders, and God came down in a cloud, spoke to Moses, and drew on the spirit that was on Moses and put it on the elders. When the spirit rested on them, they spoke in ecstasy, but did not continue. Eldad and Medad had remained in camp, yet the spirit rested on them, and they spoke in ecstasy in the camp. When a youth reported to Moses that Eldad and Medad were acting the prophet in the camp, Joshua called on Moses to restrain them. But Moses told Joshua: "Would that all the Lord's people were prophets, that the Lord put His spirit on them!"
Seventh reading—Numbers 11:30–12:16
In the seventh reading, a wind from God then swept quail from the sea and strewed them all around the camp at a place called Kibroth Hattaavah, and the people gathered quail for two days. While the meat was still between their teeth, God struck the people with a plague.Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses, saying: "He married a Cushite woman!" and "Has the Lord spoken only through Moses? Has He not spoken through us as well?" God heard and called Moses, Aaron, and Miriam to come to the Tent of Meeting. God came down in cloud and called out to Aaron and Miriam: "When a prophet of the Lord arises among you, I make Myself known to him in a vision, I speak with him in a dream. Not so with My servant Moses; he is trusted throughout My household. With him I speak mouth to mouth, plainly and not in riddles, and he beholds the likeness of the Lord. How then did you not shrink from speaking against My servant Moses!" As the cloud withdrew, Miriam was stricken with snow-white scales. Moses cried out to God, "O God, pray heal her!" But God said to Moses, "If her father spat in her face, would she not bear her shame for seven days? Let her be shut out of camp for seven days." And the people waited until she rejoined the camp.
Readings according to the triennial cycle
Jews who read the Torah according to the triennial cycle of Torah reading read the parashah according to the following schedule:| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |
| 2023, 2026, 2029... | 2024, 2027, 2030... | 2025, 2028, 2031... | |
| Reading | 8:1–9:14 | 9:15–10:34 | 10:35–12:16 |
| 1 | 8:1–4 | 9:15–18 | 10:35–11:9 |
| 2 | 8:5–9 | 9:19–23 | 11:10–18 |
| 3 | 8:10–14 | 10:1–7 | 11:19–22 |
| 4 | 8:15–22 | 10:8–10 | 11:23–29 |
| 5 | 8:23–26 | 10:11–20 | 11:30–35 |
| 6 | 9:1–8 | 10:21–28 | 12:1–13 |
| 7 | 9:9–14 | 10:29–34 | 12:14–16 |
| Maftir | 9:12–14 | 10:32–34 | 12:14–16 |
In inner-Biblical interpretation
The parashah has parallels or is discussed in these Biblical sources:Numbers chapter 8
This is the pattern of instruction and construction of the Tabernacle and its furnishings:Exodus 25:31–40 describes the Menorah to which Numbers 8:1–4 refers.
Gordon Wenham noted these dated events in the second year after the Exodus:
| Date | Event | Verse | Event | Verse |
| 1st month, 1st day | Tabernacle erected | Exodus 40:2 | Tabernacle erected | Numbers 7:1 |
| Laws from Tabernacle began | Leviticus 1:1 | Offerings for the Altar began | Numbers 7:3 | |
| Ordination of priests began | Leviticus 8:1 | |||
| 1st month, 8th day | Ordination completed | Leviticus 9:1 | ||
| Nadab and Abihu died | Leviticus 10:1–3 | |||
| 1st month, 12th day | Offerings for the Altar ended | Numbers 7:78 | ||
| Appointment of the Levites | Numbers 8:5 | |||
| 1st month, 14th day | Second Passover | Numbers 9:2 | ||
| 2nd month, 1st day | Census began | Numbers 1:1 | ||
| 2nd month, 14th day | Delayed Passover | Numbers 9:11 | ||
| 2nd month, 20th day | Cloud moved | Numbers 10:11 |
Numbers 8:13–19 refers to duties of the Levites. Deuteronomy 33:10 reports that Levites taught the law. Deuteronomy 17:9–10 reports that they served as judges. And Deuteronomy 10:8 reports that they blessed God's name. 1 Chronicles 23:3–5 reports that of 38,000 Levite men aged 30 and up, 24,000 were in charge of the work of the Temple in Jerusalem, 6,000 were officers and magistrates, 4,000 were gatekeepers, and 4,000 praised God with instruments and song. 1 Chronicles 15:16 reports that King David installed Levites as singers with musical instruments, harps, lyres, and cymbals, and 1 Chronicles 16:4 reports that David appointed Levites to minister before the Ark, to invoke, to praise, and to extol God. And 2 Chronicles 5:12 reports at the inauguration of Solomon's Temple, Levites sang dressed in fine linen, holding cymbals, harps, and lyres, to the east of the altar, and with them 120 priests blew trumpets. 2 Chronicles 20:19 reports that Levites of the sons of Kehath and of the sons of Korah extolled God in song. Eleven psalms identify themselves as of the Korahites.