Mytishchi


Mytishchi is a city and the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which lies 19 km northeast of Russia's capital Moscow on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yaroslavl railway. The city was an important waypoint for traders on the Yauza River, the Yaroslavl Highway passes through the city. Mytishchi is famous for its aqueduct, built in 1804, the first water supply pipeline to supply the growing population of Moscow. The city has a population of approximately 262,702 people as of.

Geography

The city is located 19 km northeast of Russia's capital Moscow on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yaroslavl railway.

Climate

Mytishchi has a humid continental climate, which is the same as Moscow but usually a few degrees colder due to significantly lesser impact of urban heat island. The city features long, cold winters, and short, warm-hot summers. For example, the January daily mean is, with the average maximum of and average minimum of. July's daily mean temperature, on the other hand, is, with its average maximum being and its average minimum being.

History

The first settlement of ancient hunters and fishermen in this location dates back to the 6th–8th millennia BCE, i.e., in the late Stone Age. In the 8th–9th centuries, first Slavic tribes began settling here. In and around Mytishchinsky District about a dozen of such settlements from the 11th–13th centuries have been discovered.
The modern settlement has been known as the village Mystiche since 1460, and Bolshiye Mytishchi since the 19th century. The name comes from the so-called mytnaya duty that was levied on merchants hauling ships between the Yauza and Klyazma Rivers, collected at the place now known as Yauza mytishche. The word "Mytische" is a portmanteau of myt and a place where there was a residential building with a kiln and a hearth.
In 1804, the Mytishchi-Moscow aqueduct was built by order of Catherine the Great. It was the first water supply constructed in Russia to provide the Kremlin with pure water.
The first enterprises were organized in Mytischi in the middle of the 19th Century. Mytischi station, on the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway, opened in 1861, SI Mamontov's car building plant opened in 1896, and Viskova, Russia's first artificial silk company, began work in 1908. Mytischi and its district became a popular summer retreat for Russian holidaymakers from the late 19th and early 20th centuries,.
Mytischi gained city status on August 17, 1925.
In 1932, the territory of the city was significantly expanded, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Moscow Regional Executive Committee No. 8 of October 4, 1932 and the decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 20, 1932 that approved it. The settlement merged with the villages of Bolshie Mytishchi, Rupasovo, Sharapovo, Zarechnaya Sloboda, Leonidovka, Perlovka, Taininsky settlements, Druzhba and Taininka.

Population

YearPopulation
1852389
1859435
18971000
18991026
19177000
192617000
193123100
193960118
195998606
1962107000
1964111000
1967112000
1970118653
1973125000
1975134000
1976134000
1979140656
1982148000
1985151000
1986150000
1987152000
1989154068
1990154000
1991154000
1992154000
1993153000
1994152000
1995153000
1996153000
1997153000
1998155000
1999155700
2000155700
2001157000
2002159900
2003159900
2004161400
2005161500
2006161800
2007162700
2008163400
2009164299
2010173160
2011173300
2012174971
2013178672
2014183224
2015187119
2016201130
2017205397
2018211606
2019222739
2020235504
2021245643
2022262702

According to Wikidata, the population of Mytishchi was. Mytishchi is the fourth largest city in Moscow Oblast after Balashikha, Podolsk, Khimki in terms of population.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mytishchi serves as the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-four rural localities, incorporated within Mytishchinsky District as the Town of Mytishchi. As a municipal division, the Town of Mytishchi is incorporated within Mytishchinsky Municipal District as Mytishchi Urban Settlement.

Economy

The city is the oblast's largest center for industry and education. The Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant and Metrovagonmash are two large employers.

Architecture

Cultural heritage sites

The city has a number of cultural heritage sites
  • Settlement "Mytishchi-1" - Yaroslavl highway, 60–88, 61–91.
  • The complex of buildings of the Mytishchi car-building plant .
  • Two dachas in the dacha village of Perlovka : a wooden dacha of the Ageev merchants - Pionerskaya st., 10.
  • The Mytishchi pumping station in the Losiny Ostrov National Park.
  • Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God - Yaroslavskoe shosse, 93.
  • Church of the Annunciation in Taininsky.
  • Church of the Don Icon of the Mother of God in Perlovka.
In 2005, the Church of the Nativity of Christ was built in the city center. On the central square, there are 4 lanterns of the late 1950s, presumably the project of M. A. Minkus. Identical lights were installed at the lobby of the Kropotkinskaya metro station and at the Nikulin Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard.

Monuments

  • Monuments to Vladimir Lenin
  • Monument "Bayonet" in honor of the victory in the Great Patriotic War
  • Memorial of the Great Patriotic War
  • Monument to the partisan V. D. Voloshina
  • Monument to the pilots of the Mytishchi flying club. Artist-architect Valery Androsov
  • Monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union pilot N. M. Raspopova
  • Monument to cosmonaut G. M. Strekalov
  • Monument to A. V. Suvorov
  • SU-76M
  • ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"
  • Monument to V. M. Kolontsov, the commander of the Red Guard detachment, who died during the Civil War in battles with the White Guards, the central street of old Mytishchi, Kolontsova Street, is named after him
  • Monument to D. M. Kedrin
  • Monument to the Mytishchi water pipeline
  • Monument to the ancient portage that existed on the site of the modern city
  • Monument to the employees of the Mytishchi police, participants of the Great Patriotic War
  • Monument to military signalmen
  • Monument to the citizens of Mytishchi who died in the line of military and official duty and in local conflicts
  • Sculpture "A cat without a tail" from the sister city of Gabrovo
  • Monument to Olya Lukoya at the puppet theater "Ognivo"
  • Monument to the Family, love and fidelity
  • Monument to Nicholas II
  • Monument to the subway car
  • Monument to the samovar
  • Monument to General Pyotr Deinekin at the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery. Opened in August 2018

    Twin towns – sister cities

Mytishchi is twinned with:
Former twin towns:
In March 2022, Panevėžys and Płock suspended their partnerships with Mytishchi as a response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Culture

Mass Media

There are three local TV channels: "Our Mytishchi" - the channel that belongs to the town, "The first Mytishchinsky", and "TV Mytishchi" - district television.

Theatres

There is Ognivo puppet theatre, FEST drama and comedy theatre, and youth theater Domoy.

Notable people

People born in Mytishchi:
  • Mikhail Egorovich Alekseev, linguist
  • Yuri Bezmenov, journalist
  • Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov, pilot
  • Yevgeny Dietrich, politician
  • Vadim Yevseyev, football coach
  • Anna Frolova, figure skater
  • Alexey Glyzin, actor
  • Tatyana Golikova, politician
  • Elizaveta Khudaiberdieva, ice dancer
  • Evgeny Kirillov, tennis player
  • Yelena Kondakova, cosmonaut
  • Pavel Maykov, actor
  • Dmitry Miller, actor
  • Svetlana Moskalets, heptathlete
  • Alexander Pichushkin, serial killer
  • Stanislav Pozhlakov, musician
  • Mikhail Semichastny, football player
  • Artyom Serikov, ice hockey player
  • Roman Sharonov, football coach
  • Gennady Strekalov, cosmonaut
  • Aleksei Yeroshkin, football player