List of endangered plants


In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature listed 3654 endangered plant species. Of all evaluated plant species, 17% are listed as endangered.
The IUCN also lists 99 subspecies and 101 varieties as endangered. No subpopulations of plants have been evaluated by the IUCN.
For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by critically endangered species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered plants are listed separately. There are 6147 plant species which are endangered or critically endangered.
Additionally 1674 plant species are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed".
This is a complete list of endangered plant species, subspecies and varieties evaluated by the IUCN.

[Bryophytes]

There are 29 bryophyte species assessed as endangered.

Hornworts">Anthocerotophyta">Hornworts

[Moss]es

Liverworts">Marchantiophyta">Liverworts

[Pteridophytes]

There are 67 species and one subspecies of pteridophyte assessed as endangered.

Leptosporangiate ferns">Polypodiopsida">Leptosporangiate ferns

There are 61 species and one subspecies in the class Polypodiopsida assessed as endangered.

[Polypodiales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Pteris albersii subsp. albersii

[Hymenophyllales]

[Cyatheales]

[Salviniales]

[Isoetopsida]

  • Isoetes boryana, Gascoyne quillwort
  • Isoetes capensis
  • Isoetes fluitans, river quillwort
  • ''Isoetes panchganiensis''

[Lycopodiopsida]

[Gymnosperm]s

There are 163 species, seven subspecies, and 29 varieties of gymnosperm assessed as endangered.

Ginkgos">Ginkgoopsida">Ginkgos

Cycads">Cycadopsida">Cycads

Species
Subspecies
  • Encephalartos barteri subsp. allochrous

Conifers">Pinopsida">Conifers

Species
Subspecies
  • Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, Kazdagi fir
  • Picea engelmannii subsp. mexicana, Mexican spruce
  • Pinus cembroides subsp. orizabensis, Orizaba pinyon
  • Pinus mugo subsp. rotundata
  • Pinus nigra subsp. dalmatica
  • Pinus pinaster subsp. renoui
Varieties
  • Abies guatemalensis var. guatemalensis
  • Abies hickelii var. hickelii
  • Abies hickelii var. oaxacana
  • Abies pinsapo var. marocana, Moroccan fir
  • Abies pinsapo var. pinsapo
  • Cephalotaxus harringtonii var. wilsoniana, Taiwan plum yew
  • Cupressus arizonica var. nevadensis
  • Cupressus goveniana var. goveniana
  • Cupressus guadalupensis var. forbesii
  • Cupressus guadalupensis var. guadalupensis
  • Juniperus deppeana var. zacatecensis
  • Juniperus gracilior var. gracilior
  • Juniperus gracilior var. urbaniana
  • Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana
  • Larix decidua var. polonica
  • Picea alcoquiana var. acicularis
  • Picea alcoquiana var. reflexa
  • Picea asperata var. notabilis
  • Picea likiangensis var. hirtella
  • Picea maximowiczii var. maximowiczii
  • Pinus armandii var. mastersiana
  • Pinus caribaea var. caribaea
  • Pinus greggii var. australis
  • Pinus radiata var. radiata, Cambria pine
  • Pinus strobus var. chiapensis
  • Podocarpus madagascariensis var. procerus
  • Podocarpus sellowii var. sellowii
  • Torreya fargesii var. fargesii
  • Torreya fargesii var. yunnanensis

[Gnetopsida]

  • ''Gnetum oxycarpum''

Dicotyledons">Magnoliopsida">Dicotyledons

There are 2770 species, 81 subspecies, and 70 varieties of dicotyledon assessed as endangered.

[Piperales]

There are 51 species in the order Piperales assessed as endangered.

[Piperaceae]

[Chloranthaceae]

[Campanulales]

[Campanulaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Clermontia arborescens subsp. arborescens
  • Cyanea copelandii subsp. haleakalaensis
  • Cyanea macrostegia subsp. gibsonii
  • Wahlenbergia pulchella subsp. laurentii
  • Wahlenbergia pulchella subsp. michelii

[Aristolochiales]

[Theales]

There are 174 species, 12 subspecies, and two varieties in Theales assessed as endangered.

[Theaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Cleyera japonica var. grandiflora

[Actinidiaceae]

[Guttiferae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Hypericum socotranum subsp. socotranum
Varieties
  • Clusia havetioides var. pauciflora

Other Theales species

[Linales]

Species
Varieties
  • Allantospermum borneense var. rostratrum

[Malvales]

There are 67 species, four subspecies, and one variety in the order Malvales assessed as endangered.

[Dipterocarpaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Dipterocarpus caudatus subsp. penangianus
  • Dryobalanops oblongifolia subsp. oblongifolia
  • Dryobalanops oblongifolia subsp. occidentalis
  • Shorea agamii subsp. agamii
  • Shorea macroptera subsp. baillonii
  • Shorea macroptera subsp. macropterifolia
  • Shorea ovalis subsp. ovalis
  • Shorea parvifolia subsp. parvifolia
  • Shorea parvifolia subsp. velutina
  • Vatica oblongifolia subsp. multinervosa
  • Vatica odorata subsp. mindanensis

[Malvaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Hibiscus arnottianus subsp. immaculatus, white Molokai hibiscus
  • Hibiscus brackenridgei subsp. brackenridgei
  • Hibiscus brackenridgei subsp. mokuleianus
  • Hibiscus kokio subsp. saintjohnianus, Saint John's rosemallow

[Sterculiaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Mansonia altissima var. altissima

[Bombacaceae]

[Sarcolaenaceae]

[Tiliaceae]

[Elaeocarpaceae]

[Thymelaeaceae]

[Geraniales]

[Lecythidales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Eschweilera piresii subsp. piresii

[Santalales]

[Proteales]

[Dipsacales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Sambucus nigra subsp. palmensis
Varieties
  • Viburnum villosum var. subdentatum

[Plumbaginales]

  • Armeria pseudarmeria
  • Armeria soleirolii
  • Limonium bahamense, heather
  • Limonium fruticans
  • Limonium legrandii
  • Limonium poimenum
  • Limonium preauxii
  • ''Limonium strictissimum''

Rubiales">Rubiales (plant)">Rubiales

Species
Subspecies
  • Leptactina delagoensis subsp. bussei
  • Oxyanthus pyriformis subsp. longitubus
Varieties
  • Ixora oligantha var. opuloides
  • Psychotria nilgiriensis var. astephana

[Violales]

There are 68 species, one subspecies, and one variety in Violales assessed as endangered.

[Flacourtiaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Xylosma suaveolens subsp. haroldii

[Violaceae]

[Passifloraceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Paropsia grewioides var. orientalis

Other Violales species

[Buxales]

[Buxaceae]

[Malpighiales]

[Chrysobalanaceae]

[Euphorbiaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Euphorbia cylindrifolia subsp. cylindrifolia
  • Euphorbia skottsbergii subsp. skottsbergii
  • Necepsia castaneifolia subsp. chirindica
  • Necepsia castaneifolia subsp. kimbozensis
Varieties
  • Antidesma platyphyllum var. hillebrandii
  • Drypetes usambarica var. stylosa
  • Euphorbia celastroides var. kaenana
  • Euphorbia decaryi var. decaryi
  • Euphorbia duranii var. duranii
  • Euphorbia greenwayi var. breviaculeata
  • Euphorbia mahafalensis var. mahafalensis
  • Euphorbia milii var. bevilanensis
  • Euphorbia milii var. vulcanii
  • Euphorbia perrieri var. elongata
  • Euphorbia perrieri var. perrieri
  • Euphorbia primulifolia var. begardii
  • Jatropha hildebrandtii var. hildebrandtii

[Phyllanthaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Glochidion ellipticum var. ralphii
  • Phyllanthus aeneus var. nepouiensis

[Laurales]

There are 67 species, two subspecies, and two varieties in the order Laurales assessed as endangered.

[Gomortegaceae]

[Monimiaceae]

[Hernandiaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Hernandia moerenhoutiana subsp. elliptica

[Lauraceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Apollonias barbujana subsp. ceballosi
Varieties
  • Actinodaphne campanulata var. obtusa
  • Litsea pierrei var. szemois

[Cucurbitales]

[Begoniaceae]

[Ericales]

[Ebenaceae]

  • Diospyros acuta
  • Diospyros alboflavescens
  • Diospyros attenuata
  • Diospyros crumenata
  • Diospyros ebenoides
  • Diospyros esmereg
  • Diospyros gillisonii
  • Diospyros insularis
  • Diospyros korupensis
  • Diospyros kotoensis
  • Diospyros magogoana
  • Diospyros nummulariifolia
  • Diospyros onanae
  • Diospyros oppositifolia
  • Diospyros philippinensis
  • ''Diospyros shimbaensis''

[Sapotaceae]

[Sarraceniaceae]

Subspecies
Varieties
  • Sarracenia purpurea var. montana, purple pitcherplant

[Symplocaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Symplocos pulchra subsp. coriacea
Varieties
  • Symplocos diversifolia var. appressa
  • Symplocos diversifolia var. diversifolia

[Celastrales]

There are 43 species in the order Celastrales assessed as endangered.

[Icacinaceae]

Hollies">Aquifoliaceae">Hollies

[Celastraceae]

[Dichapetalaceae]

  • ''Dichapetalum potamophilum''

[Myrtales]

There are 227 species, four subspecies, and ten varieties in the order Myrtales assessed as endangered.

[Myrtaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Eugenia cotinifolia subsp. codyensis
  • Eugenia mabaeoides subsp. mabaeoides
  • Eugenia mabaeoides subsp. pedunculata
  • Syzygium cordatum subsp. shimbaense
Varieties
  • Campomanesia sessiliflora var. sessiliflora
  • Pimenta racemosa var. terebinthina
  • Syzygium assimile var. acuminata
  • Syzygium zeylanicum var. ellipticum

[Melastomataceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Clidemia crossosepala var. adamsii
  • Gravesia pulchra var. glandulosa
  • Gravesia pulchra var. pulchra
  • Miconia quadrangularis var. glandulosa
  • Mouriri emarginata var. rostrata

[Combretaceae]

[Lythraceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Nesaea parkeri var. parkeri

[Onagraceae]

[Sapindales]

There are 121 species, three subspecies, and seven varieties in the order Sapindales assessed as endangered.

[Rutaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Esenbeckia berlandieri subsp. litoralis
  • Zanthoxylum fagara subsp. aguilarii
Varieties
  • Picrella trifoliata var. gracilis
  • Picrella trifoliata var. gracillima
  • Vepris morogorensis var. subalata

[Sapindaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Eriocoelum pungens var. inermis

[Anacardiaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Nothopegia beddomei var. wynaadica

[Meliaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Trichilia lepidota subsp. lepidota

[Burseraceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Santiria rubiginosa var. pedicellata

Other Sapindales

Species
Varieties
  • Ailanthus altissima var. tanakai

[Asterales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Bidens micrantha subsp. kalealaha
  • Dubautia knudsenii subsp. filiformis, Knudsen's dubautia
  • Dubautia knudsenii subsp. knudsenii
  • Dubautia knudsenii subsp. nagatae
  • Senecio lagascanus subsp. lusitanicus
Varieties
  • Scalesia microcephala var. cordifolia
  • Scalesia microcephala var. microcephala
  • Urbananthus critoniformis var. pubescens

[Magnoliales]

There are 166 species and six subspecies in the order Magnoliales assessed as endangered.

[Canellaceae]

[Winteraceae]

[Magnoliaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Magnolia cubensis subsp. cacuminicola
  • Magnolia cubensis subsp. cubensis
  • Magnolia cubensis subsp. turquinensis

[Annonaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Greenwayodendron suaveolens subsp. usambaricum

[Myristicaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Myristica beddomei subsp. sphaerocarpa
  • Myristica beddomei subsp. ustulata

[Brassicales]

There are 30 species in Capparales assessed as endangered.

[Capparaceae]

[Cruciferae]

[Apiales]

There are 63 species and one variety in the order Apiales assessed as endangered.

[Araliaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Polyscias sechellarum var. sechellarum

[Umbelliferae]

  • Angelica adzharica, Adjarian angelica
  • Angelica glauca
  • Astrantia colchica, Colchic masterwort
  • Berula burchellii, dwarf jellico
  • Bilacunaria caspia, Caspian bilacunaria
  • Bupleurum euphorbioides
  • Bupleurum handiense
  • Bupleurum schistosum, divided thoroughwax
  • Carum asinorum
  • Carum komarovii, Komarov's caraway
  • Cryptotaenia calycina
  • Cryptotaenia polygama
  • Eryngium galioides
  • Eryngium viviparum
  • Ferula sadleriana
  • Heracleum egrissicum, Egrissian cow-parsnip
  • Hydrocotyle conferta
  • Laserpitium affine, similar laserwort
  • Lefebvrea camerunensis, synonym of Lefebvrea angustisecta
  • Petagnaea gussonei
  • Pimpinella tirupatiensis
  • Polylophium panjutinii, Panjutin's polylophium
  • ''Seseli intricatum''

[Gentianales]

There are 64 species and two varieties in the order Gentianales assessed as endangered.

[Apocynaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Carissa edulis var. sechellensis

[Loganiaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis

[Asclepiadaceae]

[Gentianaceae]

[Rosales]

There are 77 species, four subspecies, and four varieties in the order Rosales assessed as endangered.

[Brunelliaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Brunellia comocladifolia subsp. boyacensis
  • Brunellia littlei subsp. caucana

[Pittosporaceae]

[Cunoniaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Geissois ternata var. minor

[Rosaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Prunus lusitanica subsp. azorica
  • Prunus lusitanica subsp. lusitanica
Varieties
  • Photinia serratifolia var. tomentosa

[Urticaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Boehmeria australis var. dealbata

[Ulmaceae]

[Cecropiaceae]

[Moraceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Brosimum utile subsp. magdalenense
Varieties
  • Dorstenia holstii var. holstii
  • Ficus cotinifolia var. hondurensis

Other Rosales

Species
Varieties
  • Grevea eggelingii var. echinocarpa
  • Grevea eggelingii var. keniensis

[Primulales]

There are 21 species in Primulales assessed as endangered.

[Myrsinaceae]

[Primulaceae]

  • ''Primula palinuri''

[Rhamnales]

Species
Varieties
  • Rhamnus capraeifolia var. matudai

[Solanales]

[Lamiales]

[Verbenaceae]

[Labiatae]

[Linderniaceae]

  • Lindernia manilaliana
  • ''Lindernia minima''

[Oleaceae]

Species
Varieties
  • Chionanthus caymanensis var. longipetala
  • Chionanthus leprocarpa var. courtallensis

[Buddlejaceae]

[Gesneriaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Saintpaulia ionantha subsp. nitida
  • Saintpaulia ionantha subsp. orbicularis
  • Saintpaulia ionantha subsp. velutina
  • Streptocarpus albus subsp. albus
  • Streptocarpus albus subsp. edwardsii
  • Streptocarpus heckmannianus subsp. gracilis
  • Streptocarpus heckmannianus subsp. heckmannianus

[Bignoniaceae]

[Acanthaceae]

Species
  • Acanthus austromontanus
  • Angkalanthus oligophylla
  • Anisosepalum lewallei
  • Anisotes spectabilis
  • Anisotes tangensis
  • Anisotes ukambensis
  • Anisotes umbrosus
  • Anisotes zenkeri
  • Aphelandra azuayensis
  • Aphelandra cinnabarina
  • Aphelandra galba
  • Aphelandra guayasii
  • Aphelandra harlingii
  • Aphelandra loxensis
  • Aphelandra phaina
  • Asystasia linearis
  • Asystasia lorata
  • Asystasia schliebenii
  • Asystasia tanzaniensis
  • Barleria amanensis
  • Barleria aristata
  • Barleria brevituba
  • Barleria decaisniana
  • Barleria dulcis
  • Barleria faulknerae
  • Barleria insolita
  • Barleria laceratiflora
  • Barleria laeta
  • Barleria leandrii
  • Barleria limnogeton
  • Barleria longipes
  • Barleria lukei
  • Barleria maculata
  • Barleria penelopeana
  • Barleria perrieri
  • Barleria popovii
  • Barleria pseudosomalia
  • Barleria vollesenii
  • Barleria whytei
  • Blepharis crinita
  • Blepharis ilicifolia
  • Blepharis kenyensis
  • Blepharis maculata
  • Blepharis pusilla
  • Blepharis tanzaniensis
  • Brachystephanus laxispicatus
  • Brachystephanus roseus
  • Brillantaisia richardsiae
  • Brillantaisia stenopteris
  • Cephalophis lukei
  • Chlamydocardia subrhomboidea
  • Crabbea longipes
  • Crossandra cephalostachya
  • Crossandra humbertii
  • Crossandra isaloensis
  • Crossandra nobilis
  • Crossandra obanensis
  • Crossandra pilosa
  • Crossandra poissonii
  • Crossandra quadridentata
  • Cystacanthus affinis
  • Dicliptera cicatricosa
  • Dicliptera cordibracteata
  • Dicliptera grandiflora
  • Dicliptera napierae
  • Dischistocalyx champluvieranus
  • Duosperma latifolium
  • Duosperma porotoense
  • Duosperma trachyphyllum
  • Dyschoriste kitongaensis
  • Dyschoriste nyassica
  • Dyschoriste sinica
  • Ecbolium benoistii
  • Heteradelphia paulojaegeria
  • Hygrophila albobracteata
  • Hygrophila mediatrix
  • Hygrophila richardsiae
  • Isoglossa anisophylla
  • Isoglossa bondwaensis
  • Isoglossa candelabrum
  • Isoglossa faulknerae
  • Isoglossa oreacanthoides
  • Isoglossa variegata
  • Isoglossa ventricosa
  • Justicia beloperonoides
  • Justicia breviracemosa
  • Justicia euosmia
  • Justicia faulknerae
  • Justicia leucoxiphos
  • Justicia mariae
  • Justicia niassensis
  • Justicia obtusicapsula
  • Justicia petterssonii
  • Justicia pinensis
  • Justicia roseobracteata
  • Justicia takhinensis
  • Justicia telloensis
  • Justicia tenuipes
  • Kudoacanthus albonervosus
  • Lepidagathis madagascariensis
  • Lepidagathis mucida
  • Lepidagathis plantaginea
  • Lepidagathis pseudoaristata
  • Mellera congdonii
  • Mimulopsis macrantha
  • Neuracanthus aculeatus
  • Odontonema laxum
  • Phaulopsis pulchella
  • Physacanthus talbotii
  • Podorungia lantzei
  • Podorungia serotina
  • Pseuderanthemum usambarense
  • Sclerochiton preussii
  • Staurogyne pseudocapitata
  • Staurogyne sichuanica
  • Stenandrium thomense
  • Stenostephanus asplundii
  • Stenostephanus harlingii
  • Stenostephanus laxus
  • Thunbergia rufescens
Subspecies
  • Barleria polhillii subsp. latiloba
  • Duosperma longicalyx subsp. magadiense
  • Duosperma longicalyx subsp. mkomaziense
  • Neuracanthus tephrophyllus subsp. tsavoensis

[Scrophulariaceae]

[Lentibulariaceae]

[Boraginales]

[Boraginaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Echium decaisnei subsp. purpuriense
  • Echium onosmifolium subsp. spectabile
  • Omphalodes littoralis subsp. gallaecica

[Cordiaceae]

  • Cordia correae
  • Cordia protracta
  • ''Cordia rosei''

[Ranunculales]

[Podostemales]

[Fabales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Bunchosia diphylla subsp. brevisurcularis
  • Ceratonia oreothauma subsp. somalensis
  • Craibia brevicaudata subsp. burttii
  • Inga exalata subsp. umbilicata
  • Inga multijuga subsp. aestuariorum
  • Leobordea adpressa subsp. leptantha
  • Sakoanala villosa subsp. villosa
Varieties
  • Acridocarpus alopecurus var. machaeropterus
  • Crotalaria laburnoides var. nudicarpa
  • Dalbergia cultrata var. cultrata
  • Humboldtia unijuga var. unijuga
  • Leucaena confertiflora var. adenotheloidea
  • Microcharis microcharoides var. latistipulata

[Caryophyllales]

There are 214 species and one subspecies in the order Caryophyllales assessed as endangered.

[Aizoaceae]

[Amaranthaceae]

Cactus">Cactaceae">Cactus

Species
Subspecies
  • Ariocarpus bravoanus subsp. hintonii

[Caryophyllaceae]

[Chenopodiaceae]

  • ''Bassia saxicola''

[Didiereaceae]

[Droseraceae]

[Nepenthaceae]

[Nyctaginaceae]

[Polygonaceae]

  • Atraphaxis muschketowi, shrubby buckwheat
  • Calligonum matteianum
  • Calligonum molle
  • Coccoloba proctorii
  • Coccoloba rugosa
  • Rumex algeriensis
  • ''Rumex bithynicus''

[Portulacaceae]

[Fagales]

Species
Varieties
  • Betula pendula var. fontqueri
  • Betula pendula var. parvibracteata
  • Quercus parvula var. parvula

Other dicotyledon species

Monocotyledons">Liliopsida">Monocotyledons

There are 625 species, ten subspecies, and two varieties of monocotyledon assessed as endangered.

[Arecales]

Species
Subspecies
  • Coccothrinax crinita subsp. brevicrinis
  • Coccothrinax crinita subsp. crinita, old man

[Orchidales]

There are 245 species, four subspecies, and two varieties in Orchidales assessed as endangered.

[Orchidaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Disperis aphylla subsp. bifolia
  • Habenaria stylites subsp. stylites
  • Polystachya albescens subsp. angustifolia
  • Polystachya caespitifica subsp. caespitifica
Varieties
  • Myrmecophila thomsoniana var. minor
  • Myrmecophila thomsoniana var. thomsoniana

[Burmanniaceae]

[Cyclanthales]

[Bromeliales]

[Liliales]

There are 96 species and two subspecies in the order Liliales assessed as endangered.

[Dracaenaceae]

[Iridaceae]

[Aloaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Aloe megalacantha subsp. alticola

[Amaryllidaceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Narcissus nevadensis subsp. nevadensis, daffodil

[Liliaceae]

Other Liliales species

[Arales]

[Araceae]

Species
Subspecies
  • Arisaema heterocephalum subsp. heterocephalum

[Zingiberales]

[Eriocaulales]

  • Eriocaulon anshiense
  • Eriocaulon australasicum, austral pipewort
  • Eriocaulon dalzellii
  • Eriocaulon richardianum
  • Eriocaulon selousii
  • ''Eriocaulon stipantepalum''

[Commelinales]

  • Commelina zigzag
  • Cyanotis cupricola
  • Floscopa mannii
  • Xyris calostachys
  • ''Xyris pancheri''

[Cyperales]

There are 55 species in Cyperales assessed as endangered.

[Gramineae]

[Cyperaceae]

[Najadales]

Other monocotyledons

Species
Subspecies
  • Juncus bufonius subsp. mogadorensis