List of diseases by year of discoveryThe following is a list of diseases by year of discovery.YearSpecialtyDiseaseDiscoverer~2600 BCEInfectious diseasesMalaria~1900 BCEInfectious diseasesRabies~1600 BCEOncologyCancer~1500 BCEInfectious diseasesSmallpox-~1500 BCEEndocrinologyDiabetes~410 BCEInfectious diseasesMumps~400 BCEHepatologyHepatitis~300 BCEInfectious diseasesDengue fever4th centuryInfectious diseasesPneumonia9th centuryInfectious diseasesMeaslesMuhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi14th centuryInfectious diseasesAfrican trypanosomiasisFirst described by Arab traders15th centuryInfectious diseasesTyphus-1798OphthalmologyColor blindnessJohn Dalton1798NeurologyAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisJohn Dalton1805NeurologyMeningitis1817NeurologyParkinson's diseaseJames Parkinson1866ImmunologyNecrotizing arteriolitis1872NeurologyHuntington's diseaseGeorge Huntington1873Infectious diseasesLeprosyGerhard Armauer Hansen1881DermatologyImpetigoWilliam Fox1881Infectious diseasesYellow feverCarlos Finlay1882Infectious diseasesTuberculosisRobert Koch1885Infectious diseasesCarrion's diseaseDaniel Alcides Carrión1906NeurologyAlzheimer's diseaseAlois Alzheimer1906Infectious diseasesRickettsiosisHoward Taylor Ricketts1909Infectious diseasesChagas diseaseCarlos Chagas1910HematologySickle-cell diseaseJames B. Herrick1920NeurologyCreutzfeldt–Jakob diseaseHans Gerhard Creutzfeldt and Alfons Maria Jakob1933Infectious diseasesInfluenzaWilson Smith, Christopher Andrewes and Patrick Laidlaw1955Infectious diseasesOropouche fever1957NeurologyKuruDaniel Carleton Gajdusek1958Infectious diseasesMpox1964Infectious diseasesInfectious mononucleosisAnthony Epstein and Yvonne Barr1965PulmonologyChronic obstructive pulmonary disease1967Infectious diseasesMarburg virus disease1972Infectious diseasesNorovirus Albert Kapikian1975Infectious diseasesLyme disease1976Infectious diseasesEbolaJean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum and Peter Piot1977Infectious diseasesLegionnaires' diseaseJoseph McDade1981ImmunologyHIV/AIDSLuc Montagnier and Robert Gallo1986NeurologyFatal insomniaElio Lugaresi1999Infectious diseasesNipah virus infection2003Infectious diseasesSevere acute respiratory syndrome2019Infectious diseasesCOVID-19Li Wenliang