Lists of electoral districts by country and territory
s go by different names depending on the country and the office being elected. Some countries use single-member districts and some use multi-member districts.
The United Kingdom uses single-member constituencies. Most of the rest of the Commonwealth of Nations also use constituencies as electoral divisions.
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
The 257 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected by proportional representation in 24 multi-member constituencies based on the provinces. Each one has a minimum of 5 seats and a maximum of 70.For the 72 members of the Senate, each province has a fixed number of three senators.
Armenia
Beginning with the 2017 parliamentary election, the Armenian National Assembly elects members by proportional representation. Half the seats are filled from closed national party lists. The other half are chosen from 13 electoral districts allowing open list voter choice. As seat distribution is calculated at the national level, each electoral district is not guaranteed to return a specific number of seats. Each marz is coterminous with an electoral district with the exceptions of Vayots Dzor and Syunik and the Yerevan capital region, which is divided into 4 electoral districts.Australia
In Australia, federal constituencies are officially termed divisions, and their state counterparts electoral districts. At both levels, though, they are popularly referred to as electorates or seats.Bahamas
uses 39 single-member constituencies elected by the first-past-the-post system for elections to the Bahamas House of Assembly.Bangladesh
Bangladesh has 300 parliamentary constituencies. There is one member of Parliament for each constituency. According to the constitution, the 50 seats reserved for women are allocated to the political parties according to their proportional representation.Barbados
Barbados has 30 parliamentary constituencies. Some constituencies cover entire parishes while some parishes contain multiple constituencies depending on the population. Each constituency has a seat which is occupied by a representative who sits in the House of Assembly as a member of parliament. Prior to 1971, there were once dual representatives for each constituency instead.Belgium
Belize
Bhutan
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Botswana has 57 parliamentary constituencies. There is one member of Parliament for each constituency.Brazil
In Brazil, seats in the lower chamber of the National Congress are split throughout the 26 States and the Federal District in a roughly proportional manner; however, a guaranteed minimum of 8 seats and maximum of 70 per federal entity means voters in Roraima have more than 8 times the representation as voters in São Paulo. The States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais have the largest number of seats. Within each federal entity, representatives are chosen by open-list proportional voting.For the senate, each federal entity has a fixed number of three senators. Each quadrennial election alternates between electing one and two senators per federal entity.
Bulgaria
In Bulgaria there are 31 constituencies arranged so as to coincide with the administrative division of Bulgaria, with the exception of Sofia City and Plovdiv provinces, where there are 3 additional constituencies. They are numbered according to their alphabetical order in Cyrillic.Experimentally in the 2009 Bulgarian parliamentary election, 31 out of the 240 Members of Parliament were elected by majority vote, while the remaining 209 were elected by proportional vote. This mixed electoral system was rejected later.
Canada
In Canada, constituencies are legally known as electoral districts for Members of Parliament; and Members of Legislative Assemblies or Members of Provincial Parliament, Members of the National Assembly, or Members of the House of Assembly at the provincial level, although "constituency" and the informal term "riding" are also used.Chile
Chile's bicameral Congress consists of a Chamber of Deputies and a Senate. The country is divided into 28 electoral districts for the lower house and 15 senatorial constituencies for the Senate. Each electoral district elects between 3 and 8 deputies and each senatorial constituency elects 3, 4 or 5 senators; there are 155 deputies and 43 senators in total. From 2022 the number of senators will increase to 50 because only the half of the senators are elected every election. Before the 2017 election, both seats in two-seat electoral districts were filled in the same election; after 2017, there are plurinominal districts.China, People's Republic of
The electoral districts exists in China's sole governmental organ, the National People's Congress, with 2,977 seated in which the constituencies are represented by the delegates who are elected in the respective people's congresses in 23 provinces, 4 directly-controlled municipalities, 5 autonomous regions, 2 special administrative regions and the People's Liberation Army which function as at-large electoral districts. Generally, seats are apportioned to each electoral district in proportion to their population, though the system for apportioning seats for Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and the PLA differ. No electoral district may be apportioned fewer than 15 seats in the NPC.Croatia
The Croatian Parliament electoral districts are the special territorial subdivisions of Croatia used for the country's parliamentary elections.Croatia has 12 electoral districts. Ten of these are geographical districts within Croatia, each electing 14 members of Croatian Parliament. District XI is for Croatian citizens living abroad, with 3 members of parliament. District XII is for national minorities, with 8 members of parliament.
The first ten districts are roughly based on geography, and arranged so that each district has roughly the same number of registered voters, around 400,000. These districts therefore do not correspond to the boundaries of top-level administrative divisions within Croatia, and each district contains one or more or parts of several Croatian counties.
Denmark
Constituencies are used for elections to the Folketing.Estonia
There are 12 electoral districts for the parliamentary elections in Estonia. Each district elects 5 to 14 members to the 101-member Riigikogu. The capital and largest city Tallinn constitutes three electoral districts, and the second largest city Tartu one. Other districts are divided by the 15 counties. Two of the districts are each made up by 3 counties; 3 districts by 2 counties; and the three remaining counties each make up a separate electoral district.All municipalities have at least one electoral district in their local elections. In the 2005, 2009 and 2013 local elections, Tallinn had 8 electoral districts, one for each administrative district of the city. In 2009 Vändra Parish, which merged with Kaisma Parish, also had 2 electoral districts. In 2005 Suure-Jaani Parish, merged from 4 different parishes, had 4 electoral districts and Türi Parish had 2 electoral districts.
In elections to the European Parliament the whole country constitutes one electoral district.
Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands are divided into two constituencies, the Camp and Stanley which return three and five members respectively to the Legislative Assembly. The Camp constituency includes any part of the Falklands which is not within the boundaries of the Stanley constituency.A referendum had been held in 2001 in which both Camp and Stanley voters rejected a change to a single constituency.
The Constitution now specifically allows for the constituencies and their boundaries to be amended, but such an amendment must be supported in a referendum and, as a protection, there must be a two-thirds majority in each constituency.
A further referendum was held on 3 November 2011: Stanley voters narrowly supported a single constituency and Camp voters emphatically rejected a single constituency.
Finland
The Finnish Eduskunta, or Parliament, is made up of 200 members, elected from 15 separate geographic areas, or electoral districts. All of the constituencies, with the exception of Åland, elect multiple members, ranging between six and 35 depending on the constituency's population. The constituency division is based on the old provinces of Finland, and has remained more or less the same since the first elections for the Eduskunta in 1907.A special case is the constituency of Åland, which only elects one member of parliament. Even though the region of Åland is much smaller than any of the other constituencies, Finnish law gives a special status for the region and it gets a seat even if its population would not entitle it to one.
France
In France, electoral constituencies are known as circonscriptions électorales.For parliamentary elections, they are known as circonscriptions législatives, and for departmental ones, France uses cantons.
Germany
In Germany, there are 299 basic electoral constituencies, accounting for half of the 598 nominal seats in the German Bundestag in a "first past the post" electoral system. These constituencies are divided so that each has approximately the same number of voters. The constituencies for the rest of the seats are the federal states, representatives being drawn from the top of their respective electoral lists. German electoral law dictates that the deviation from average of all constituencies shall not exceed a certain figure. Other restrictions prevent abuses such as gerrymandering.Similar provisions apply for many of the federal state parliaments, though constituencies are generally smaller and boundaries change more frequently. Members of the European Parliament are elected by party list proportional representation at the national level.