List of consonants


This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation.

Ordered by [place of articulation]

[Labial consonant]s

[Bilabial consonant]s

[Labiodental consonant]s

[Bidental consonant]s

[Coronal consonant]s

[Dental consonant]s

[Alveolar consonant]s

[Postalveolar consonant]s

[Dorsal consonant]s

[Palatal consonant]s

[Velar consonant]s

[Uvular consonant]s

[Laryngeal consonant]s

Pharyngeal and epiglottal consonant">Pharyngeal consonant">Pharyngeal and epiglottal consonants

[Glottal consonant]s

Ordered by [manner of articulation]

;Pulmonic consonants

Nasal (stop) consonants">Nasal consonant">Nasal (stop) consonants

Plosive (stop) consonants">Stop consonant">Plosive (stop) consonants

[Fricative consonant]s

;Sibilant fricatives
;Central non-sibilant fricatives
;Lateral fricatives
;both fricatives and approximants
;Pseudo-fricatives

[Affricate consonant]s

;Sibilant affricates
;Non-sibilant affricates
;Lateral affricates

[Approximant consonant]s

Flap (tap) consonant">Flap consonant">Flap (tap) consonants

[Trill consonant]s

[Lateral consonant]s

;Approximants
;Fricatives
;Affricates
;Flaps
;Ejective
;Clicks

[Ejective consonant]s

;Plosives
;Affricates
;Fricatives

[Implosive consonant]s

Labialized consonants">Labialization">Labialized consonants

;Plosives
;Fricatives
;Approximants

Palatalized consonants">Palatalization (phonetics)">Palatalized consonants

Pharyngealized consonants">Pharyngealization">Pharyngealized consonants

Velarized consonants">Velarization">Velarized consonants

Glottalized consonants">Glottalization">Glottalized consonants

Reinforced airstream">Glottalization#Glottal reinforcement">Reinforced airstream

Blocked airstream">Glottalization">Blocked airstream

Restricted airstream">Creaky voice">Restricted airstream

Whispery voice">Breathy voice">Whispery voice

[Click consonant]s

The less common clicks, such as are found in Taa, are not included.
;Simple clicks
;Glottalized clicks
;Pulmonic-contour clicks
;Ejective-contour clicks

[Percussive consonant]s

The bilabial and bidental percussives are not found in any language, but occur as phonetic detail or through speech defects. However, the sublaminal or sublingual percussive is found in Sandawe and in some dialects of Gan Chinese.