List of birds of Wales

This list of birds of Wales includes every species of bird that has been recorded in a wild state in Wales. Compared to the avifauna of Britain as a whole, Wales has fewer breeding species, but these include a number of moorland species such as red grouse and black grouse, large numbers of seabirds and good populations of several species typical of Welsh oak woods including redstart, pied flycatcher and wood warbler. Among the birds of prey is the red kite, which had become extinct in other parts of Britain until being reintroduced recently. In winter many wildfowl and waders are found around the coast, attracted by the mild temperatures. In spring and autumn a variety of migrant and vagrant birds can be seen, particularly on headlands and islands. Three-quarters of the UK population of the red-billed chough resides in Wales.
The list is based on Birds in Wales, Birds in Wales 1992–2022 and the list of the Welsh Ornithological Society with updates from the Welsh Records Panel's annual reports. The taxonomy and scientific names follow the official list of the British Ornithologists' Union. The English names are the vernacular names used in the 7th edition of the BOU list with the standardized names from that list given in brackets where they differ. The family introductions are based on The New Encyclopedia of Birds except where otherwise stated.
Certain categories of birds are noted with the following tags:

Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Wales
Introduced - a species introduced to Wales as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions

The total number of species on the list is 463 and 10 introduced species. About 150 species breed annually.

Ducks, geese and swans

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae
The swans, ducks and geese are medium to large birds that are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet and bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent. In many ducks the male is colourful while the female is dull brown. The diet consists of a variety of animals and plants. The family is well represented in Wales, especially in winter when large numbers visit from Greenland, Scandinavia and Russia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Brent goose	Branta bernicla
Red-breasted goose	Branta ruficollis
Canada goose	Branta canadensis	I
Barnacle goose	Branta leucopsis
Greylag goose	Anser anser
Taiga bean goose	Anser fabalis
Pink-footed goose	Anser brachyrhynchus
Tundra bean goose	Anser serrirostris
White-fronted goose	Anser albifrons
Lesser white-fronted goose	Anser erythropus
Mute swan	Cygnus olor
Bewick's swan	Cygnus columbianus
Whooper swan	Cygnus cygnus
Egyptian goose	Alopochen aegyptiacus	I
Shelduck	Tadorna tadorna
Ruddy shelduck	Tadorna ferruginea
Mandarin duck	Aix galericulata	I
Garganey	Spatula querquedula
Blue-winged teal	Spatula discors
Shoveler	Spatula clypeata
Gadwall	Mareca strepera
Falcated duck	Mareca falcata
Wigeon	Anas penelope
American wigeon	Mareca americana
Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos
Black duck	Anas rubripes
Pintail	Anas acuta
Teal	Anas crecca
Green-winged teal	Anas carolinensis
Red-crested pochard	Netta rufina	I
Pochard	Aythya ferina
Ferruginous duck	Aythya nyroca
Ring-necked duck	Aythya collaris
Tufted duck	Aythya fuligula
Scaup	Aythya marila
Lesser scaup	Aythya affinis
King eider	Somateria spectabilis
Eider	Somateria mollissima
Surf scoter	Melanitta perspicillata
Velvet scoter	Melanitta fusca
Common scoter	Melanitta nigra
Black scoter	Melanitta americana
Long-tailed duck	Clangula hyemalis
Goldeneye	Bucephala clangula
Smew	Mergellus albellus
Hooded merganser	Lophodytes cucullatus
Goosander	Mergus merganser
Red-breasted merganser	Mergus serrator
Ruddy duck	Oxyura jamaicensis	I

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae
These are terrestrial species, feeding and nesting on the ground. They are variable in size but generally plump, with broad and relatively short wings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red grouse	Lagopus lagopus
Black grouse	Lyrurus tetrix
Grey partridge	Perdix perdix
Pheasant	Phasianus colchicus	I
Quail	Coturnix coturnix
Red-legged partridge	Alectorix rufa	I

Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Common nighthawk	Chordeiles minor
Nightjar	Caprimulgus europaeus

Swifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae
The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Chimney swift	Chaetura pelagica
Alpine swift	Apus melba
Swift	Apus apus
Pallid swift	Apus pallidus
Little swift	Apus affinis

Bustards

Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae
Large, sturdy birds of open plains with long legs and necks and strong feet.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Great bustard	Otis tarda
Little bustard	Tetrax tetrax

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
Birds of variable size with slender bodies and long tails. Some species are known for laying their eggs in the nests of other birds.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Great spotted cuckoo	Clamator glandarius
Yellow-billed cuckoo	Coccyzus americanus
Cuckoo	Cuculus canorus

Sandgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae
Sturdy, medium-sized birds with a small head and long, pointed wings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Pallas's sandgrouse	Syrrhaptes paradoxus

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Rock dove	Columba livia
Stock dove	Columba oenas
Woodpigeon	Columba palumbus
Turtle dove	Streptopelia turtur
Collared dove	Streptopelia decaocto

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae
These birds mainly occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, marshes or rivers. Many are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Water rail	Rallus aquaticus
Corncrake	Crex crex
Sora	Porzana carolina
Spotted crake	Porzana porzana
Moorhen	Gallinula chloropus
Coot	Fulica atra
Baillon's crake	Porzana pusilla
Little crake	Porzana parva

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Common name	Binomial	Status
Crane	Grus grus

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large diving birds with lobed toes and pointed bills. They are seen mainly on lowland waterbodies and coasts. They feed on aquatic animals and nest on a floating platform of vegetation.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Little grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis
Pied-billed grebe	Podilymbus podiceps
Red-necked grebe	Podiceps grisegena
Great crested grebe	Podiceps cristatus
Slavonian grebe	Podiceps auritus
Black-necked grebe	Podiceps nigricollis

Stone-curlews

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae
A small family of medium to large waders with strong black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Stone-curlew	Burhinus oedicnemus

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy wading birds with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Oystercatcher	Haematopus ostralegus

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae
A family of fairly large wading birds. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-winged stilt	Himantopus himantopus
Avocet	Recurvirostra avosetta

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
Small to medium-sized wading birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lapwing	Vanellus vanellus
Sociable plover	Vanellus gregarius
Golden plover	Pluvialis apricaria
Pacific golden plover	Pluvialis fulva
American golden plover	Pluvialis dominica
Grey plover	Pluvialis squatarola
Ringed plover	Charadrius hiaticula
Little ringed plover	Charadrius dubius
Killdeer	Charadrius vociferus
Kentish plover	Charadrius alexandrinus
Greater sand plover	Charadrius leschenaultii
Dotterel	Charadrius morinellus

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
A large, diverse family of wading birds. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Upland sandpiper	Bartramia longicauda
Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus
Hudsonian whimbrel	Numenius hudsonicus
Little whimbrel	Numenius minutus
Curlew	Numenius arquata
Bar-tailed godwit	Limosa lapponica
Black-tailed godwit	Limosa limosa
Turnstone	Arenaria interpres
Knot	Calidris canutus
Ruff	Calidris pugnax
Broad-billed sandpiper	Calidris falcinellus
Sharp-tailed sandpiper	Calidris acuminata
Stilt sandpiper	Calidris himantopus
Curlew sandpiper	Calidris ferruginea
Temminck's stint	Calidris temminckii
Sanderling	Calidris alba
Dunlin	Calidris alpina
Purple sandpiper	Calidris maritima
Baird's sandpiper	Calidris bairdii
Little stint	Calidris minuta
Least sandpiper	Calidris minutilla
White-rumped sandpiper	Calidris fuscicollis
Buff-breasted sandpiper	Calidris subruficollis
Pectoral sandpiper	Calidris melanotos
Semipalmated sandpiper	Calidris pusilla
Long-billed dowitcher	Limnodromus scolopaceus
Woodcock	Scolopax rusticola
Jack snipe	Lymnocryptes minimus
Great snipe	Gallinago minima
Snipe	Gallinago gallinago
Terek sandpiper	Xenus cinerea
Wilson's phalarope	Phalaropus tricolor
Red-necked phalarope	Phalaropus lobatus
Grey phalarope	Phalaropus fulicarius
Common sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos
Spotted sandpiper	Tringa macularius
Green sandpiper	Tringa ochropus
Grey-tailed tattler	Tringa brevipes
Lesser yellowlegs	Tringa flavipes
Redshank	Tringa totanus
Marsh sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis
Wood sandpiper	Tringa glareola
Spotted redshank	Tringa erythropus
Greenshank	Tringa nebularia
Greater yellowlegs	Tringa melanoleuca

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae
A family of slender, long-winged wading birds.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Cream-coloured courser	Cursorius cursor
Collared pratincole	Glareola pratincola
Black-winged pratincole	Glareola nordmanni

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
Medium to large seabirds with grey, white and black plumage, webbed feet and strong bills. Many are opportunistic and adaptable feeders.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Kittiwake	Rissa tridactyla
Ivory gull	Pagophila eburnea
Sabine's gull	Xema sabini
Bonaparte's gull	Chroicocephalus philadelphia
Black-headed gull	Chroicocephalus ridibundus
Little gull	Hydrocoloeus minutus
Ross's gull	Rhodostethia rosea
Laughing gull	Leucophaeus atricilla
Franklin's gull	Leucophaeus pipixcan
Mediterranean gull	Ichthyaetus melanocephalus
Common gull	Larus canus
Ring-billed gull	Larus delawarensis
Great black-backed gull	Larus marinus
Glaucous-winged gull	Larus glaucescens
Glaucous gull	Larus hyperboreus
Iceland gull	Larus glaucoides
Herring gull	Larus argentatus
Caspian gull	Larus cachinnans
Yellow-legged gull	Larus michahellis
Lesser black-backed gull	Larus fuscus
Gull-billed tern	Gelochelidon nilotica
Caspian tern	Hydroprogne caspia
Royal tern	Thalasseus maximus
Lesser crested tern	Thalasseus bengalensis
Sandwich tern	Thalasseus sandvicensis
Elegant tern	Thalasseus elegans
Little tern	Sternula albifrons
Bridled tern	Onychoprion anaethetus
Sooty tern	Onychoprion fuscatus
Roseate tern	Sterna dougallii
Common tern	Sterna hirundo
Arctic tern	Sterna paradisaea
Forster's tern	Sterna forsteri
Whiskered tern	Chlidonias hybrida
White-winged black tern	Chlidonias leucoptera
Black tern	Chlidonias niger

Skuas

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
Medium to large seabirds with mainly grey or brown plumage, sharp claws and a hooked tip to the bill. They chase other seabirds to force them to drop their catches.

Common name	Binomial	Status
South polar skua	Stercorarius maccormicki
Great skua	Stercorarius skua
Pomarine skua	Stercorarius pomarinus
Arctic skua	Stercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed skua	Stercorarius longicaudus

Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae
A family of seabirds which are superficially similar to penguins with their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits but which are able to fly. Great auks are extinct.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Little auk	Alle alle
Common guillemot	Uria aalge
Razorbill	Alca torda
Black guillemot	Cepphus grylle
Puffin	Fratercula arctica

Divers

Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae
Divers are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. They swim well and fly adequately but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body. They feed on fish and other aquatic animals. They are all non-breeding visitors in Wales.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red-throated diver	Gavia stellata
Black-throated diver	Gavia arctica
Great northern diver	Gavia immer
White-billed diver	Gavia adamsii

Southern storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae
The austral storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, feeding on plankton and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. They nest in colonies on the ground, most often in burrows.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Wilson's storm petrel	Oceanites oceanicus

Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae
The albatrosses are among the largest flying birds with long, narrow wings for gliding. The majority are found in the Southern Hemisphere with only vagrants occurring in the North Atlantic.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-browed albatross	Thalassarche melanophris

Northern storm petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae
The northern storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, feeding on plankton and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. They nest in colonies on the ground, most often in burrows.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Storm petrel	Hydrobates pelagicus
Leach's petrel	Hydrobates leucorrhous

Petrels and shearwaters

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
These are highly pelagic birds with long, narrow wings and tube-shaped nostrils. They feed at sea on fish, squid and other marine life. They come to land to breed in colonies, nesting in burrows or on cliffs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Fulmar	Fulmarus glacialis
Cory's shearwater	Calonectris borealis
Sooty shearwater	Ardenna griseus
Great shearwater	Ardenna gravis
Manx shearwater	Puffinus puffinus
Balearic shearwater	Puffinus mauretanicus
Macaronesian shearwater	Puffinus baroli

Storks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They fly with the neck extended.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black stork	Ciconia nigra
White stork	Ciconia ciconia

Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Gannets are large seabirds that plunge-dive for fish and nest in large colonies. They have a torpedo-shaped body, long, narrow, pointed wings and a fairly long tail.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Gannet	Morus bassanus

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae
Cormorants are medium to large aquatic birds with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked for catching fish and aquatic invertebrates. They nest in colonies, usually by the sea.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo
Shag	Gulosus aristotelis

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae
A family of long-legged, long-necked wading birds. Ibises have long, curved bills. Spoonbills have a flattened bill, wider at the tip.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Glossy ibis	Plegadis falcinellus
Spoonbill	Platalea leucorodia

Herons and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter-necked and more secretive. They all fly with their necks retracted. The sharp bill is used to catch fish, amphibians and other animals. Many species nest in colonies, often in trees.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Bittern	Botaurus stellaris
American bittern	Botaurus lentiginosus
Little bittern	Ixobrychus minutus
Night heron	Nycticorax nycticorax
Green heron	Butorides virescens
Squacco heron	Ardeola ralloides
Cattle egret	Bubulcus ibis
Grey heron	Ardea cinerea
Purple heron	Ardea purpurea
Great white egret	Ardea alba
Little egret	Egretta garzetta

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae
A large fish-eating bird of prey belonging to a family of its own. It is mainly brown above and white below with long, angled wings. It is mainly a passage migrant in Wales but has recently begun to breed.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae
A family of birds of prey which includes hawks, buzzards, eagles, kites and harriers. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium-sized to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Barn owl	Tyto alba

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disc.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Little owl	Athene noctua
Scops owl	Otus scops
Long-eared owl	Asio otus
Short-eared owl	Asio flammeus
Snowy owl	Bubo scandiaca
Tawny owl	Strix aluco

Hoopoes

Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae
A distinctive bird in its own family with a long curved bill, a crest, and black-and-white striped wings and tail.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Hoopoe	Upupa epops

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae
A small family of colourful, medium-sized, birds with a crow-like shape that feeds mainly on insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Roller	Coracias garrulus

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails. There are about 93 species worldwide, 2 in Britain and 1 in Wales.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae
A group of near-passerine birds characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Bee-eater	Merops apiaster

Woodpeckers

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Wryneck	Jynx tranquila
Lesser spotted woodpecker	Dryobates minor
Great spotted woodpecker	Dendrocopos major
Green woodpecker	Picus viridis

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae
A family of small to medium-sized, diurnal birds of prey with pointed wings. They do not build their own nests and mainly catch prey in the air.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Kestrel	Falco tinnunculus
Red-footed falcon	Falco vespertinus
Merlin	Falco columbarius
Hobby	Falco subbuteo
Gyr falcon	Falco rusticolus
Peregrine	Falco peregrinus

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red-backed shrike	Lanius collurio
Turkestan shrike	Lanius phoenicuroides
Lesser grey shrike	Lanius minor
Great grey shrike	Lanius excubitor
Woodchat shrike	Lanius senator

Vireos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red-eyed vireo	Vireo olivaceus

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae
Orioles are colourful, medium-sized passerine birds with far-carrying, fluting songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Golden oriole	Oriolus oriolus

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The crows and their relatives are fairly large birds with strong bills and are usually intelligent and adaptable.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Jay	Garrulus glandarius
Magpie	Pica pica
Nutcracker	Nucifraga caryocatactes
Chough	Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Jackdaw	Corvus monedula
Rook	Corvus frugilegus
Carrion crow	Corvus corone
Hooded crow	Corvus cornix
Raven	Corvus corax

Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae
The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterised by soft, silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Waxwing	Bombycilla garrulus
Cedar waxwing	Bombycilla cedrorum

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae
Tits are mainly small, stocky, woodland species with short stout bills. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Coal tit	Periparus ater
Marsh tit	Poecile palustris
Willow tit	Poecile montana
Blue tit	Cyanistes caeruleus
Great tit	Parus major

Penduline tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae
Small birds with finely pointed bills that build purse-like nests hanging from a branch.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Penduline tit	Remiz pendulinus

Bearded tit

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae
This species, the only one in its family, is found in reed beds throughout temperate Europe and Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Bearded tit	Panurus biarmicus

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Woodlark	Lullula arborea
Skylark	Alauda arvensis
Crested lark	Galerida cristata
Shore lark	Eremophila alpestris
Short-toed lark	Calandrella brachydactyla
Black lark	Melanocorypha yeltoniensis

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Sand martin	Riparia riparia
Crag martin	Ptyonoprogne rupestris
Swallow	Hirundo rustica
House martin	Delichon urbicum
Red-rumped swallow	Cecropis daurica

Bush warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Scotocercidae
The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Cetti's warbler	Cettia cetti

Long-tailed tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae
Small, long-tailed birds that typically live in flocks for much of the year.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Long-tailed tit	Aegithalos caudatus

Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Wood warbler	Phylloscopus sibalatrix
Western Bonelli's warbler	Phylloscopus bonelli
Hume's warbler	Phylloscopus humei
Yellow-browed warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus
Pallas's warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus
Radde's warbler	Phylloscopus schwarzi
Dusky warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus
Willow warbler	Phylloscopus trochilus
Chiffchaff	Phylloscopus collybita
Iberian chiffchaff	Phylloscopus ibericus
Greenish warbler	Phylloscopus trochiloides
Arctic warbler	Phylloscopus borealis

Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Great reed warbler	Acrocephalus arundinaceus
Aquatic warbler	Acrocephalus paludicola
Sedge warbler	Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
Paddyfield warbler	Acrocephalus agricola
Blyth's reed warbler	Acrocephalus dumetorum
Reed warbler	Acrocephalus scirpaceus
Marsh warbler	Acrocephalus palustris
Booted warbler	Iduna caligata
Melodious warbler	Hippolais polyglotta
Icterine warbler	Hippolais icterina

Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lanceolated warbler	Locustella lanceolata
River warbler	Locustella fluviatilis
Savi's warbler	Locustella luscinioides
Grasshopper warbler	Locustella naevia

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae
A group of small, insectivorous passerine birds. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Blackcap	Sylvia atricapilla
Garden warbler	Sylvia borin
Barred warbler	Curruca nisoria
Lesser whitethroat	Curruca curruca
Western Orphean warbler	Curruca hortensis
Rüppell's warbler	Curruca ruppeli
Sardinian warbler	Curruca melanocephala
Western subalpine warbler	Curruca iberiae
Eastern subalpine warbler	Curruca cantillans
whitethroat	Curruca communis
Marmora's warbler	Curruca sarda
Dartford warbler	Curruca undata

Kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae
The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Common firecrest	Regulus ignicapilla
Goldcrest	Regulus regulus

Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Wren	Troglodytes troglodytes

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds with the unusual ability to climb down trees head-first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Nuthatch	Sitta europaea

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin, pointed, down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Treecreeper	Certhia familiaris

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae
Medium-sized passerine birds with long tails. Some are notable for their ability to mimic sounds such as other birds' songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Grey catbird	Dumetella carolinensis

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Rose-coloured starling	Pastor roseus
Starling	Sturnus vulgaris

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes and chats are plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Swainson's thrush	Catharus ustulatus
Grey-cheeked thrush	Catharus minimus
Song thrush	Turdus philomelos
Mistle thrush	Turdus viscivorus
Redwing	Turdus iliacus
Blackbird	Turdus merula
Eyebrowed thrush	Turdus obscurus
Fieldfare	Turdus pilaris
Ring ouzel	Turdus torquatus
Black-throated thrush	Turdus atrogularis
Red-throated thrush	Turdus ruficollis
Dusky thrush	Turdus eunomus
American robin	Turdus viscivorus

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae
The flycatchers are small birds that fly out from a perch to catch insects in the air.

Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae
Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Dipper	Cinclus cinclus

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Sparrows tend to be small, plump, brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short, powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters and they also consume small insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Tree sparrow	Passer montanus
Spanish sparrow	Passer hispaniolensis
House sparrow	Passer domesticus

Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae
A small family of drab, unobtrusive, insectivorous birds with thin, pointed bills.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Alpine accentor	Prunella collaris
Dunnock	Prunella modularis

Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They are slender, ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Western yellow wagtail	Motacilla flava
Eastern yellow wagtail	Motacilla tschutschensis
Citrine wagtail	Motacilla citreola
Grey wagtail	Motacilla cinerea
White wagtail	Motacilla alba
Richard's pipit	Anthus richardi
Blyth's pipit	Anthus godlewskii
Tawny pipit	Anthus campestris
Meadow pipit	Anthus pratensis
Tree pipit	Anthus trivialis
Olive-backed pipit	Anthus hodgsoni
Pechora pipit	Anthus gustavi
Red-throated pipit	Anthus cervinus
Buff-bellied pipit	Anthus rubescens
Water pipit	Anthus spinoletta
Rock pipit	Anthus petrosus

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Chaffinch	Fringilla coelebs
Brambling	Fringilla montifringilla
Hawfinch	Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Bullfinch	Pyrrhula pyrrhula
Common rosefinch	Carpodacus erythrinus
Greenfinch	Chloris chloris
Twite	Linaria flavirostris
Linnet	Linaria cannabina
Common redpoll	Acanthis flammea
Lesser redpoll	Acanthis cabaret
Arctic redpoll	Acanthis hornemanni
Common crossbill	Loxia curvirostra
Two-barred crossbill	Loxia leucoptera
Goldfinch	Carduelis carduelis
Serin	Serinus serinus
Siskin	Spinus spinus

Longspurs and arctic buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae
The Calcariidae are a family of birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lapland bunting	Calcarius lapponicus
Snow bunting	Plectrophenax nivalis

Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae
The Emberizidae are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with a distinctively shaped bill.

New World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae
Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Dark-eyed junco	Junco hyemalis
White-throated sparrow	Zonotrichia albicollis
Song sparrow	Melospiza melodia

Troupials and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae
A group of small to medium-sized, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Bobolink	Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Baltimore oriole	Icterus galbula
Brown-headed cowbird	Molothrus ater

New World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Panuridae
A group of small, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal and insectivorous.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-and-white warbler	Mniotilta varia
Common yellowthroat	Geothlypas trichas
Blackburnian warbler	Setophaga fusca
Yellow warbler	Setophaga petechia
Blackpoll warbler	Setophaga striata
Yellow-rumped warbler	Setophaga coronata

Cardinals and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Summer tanager	Piranga rubra
Rose-breasted grosbeak	Pheucticus ludovicianus
Indigo bunting	Passerina cyanea