List of Russian Nobel laureates
The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to Mankind."
This list encompasses all 28 laureates of the Nobel Prize who were citizens of Russia or the Russian Empire, or were citizens of these countries, studied there, and had their citizenship removed for various reasons at the time of receiving the award, or at another time during their life.
Regarding the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, several individuals who were born in or related to it were omitted because, apart from being born in the Russian Empire or in the USSR, they had little or no connection to modern-day Russia. These individuals are: Marie Curie, Wilhelm Ostwald, Władysław Reymont, Paul Karrer, Frans Eemil Sillanpää, Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Tadeusz Reichstein, Selman Waksman, Ragnar Granit, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Czesław Miłosz, Joseph Rotblat, Leonid Hurwicz, Menachem Begin, Ilya Prigogine, Simon Kuznets, Svetlana Alexievich, and Ales Bialiatski. Lot of them were born in Congress Poland or the Grand Duchy of Finland, which were not sovereign states at the time of their birth, but -autonomous parts of the Russian Empire.
However, Henryk Sienkiewicz was included despite listed as Polish by the Nobel Committee: he was born, lived and died as Russian Empire subject, and Poland was not a sovereign country during his lifetime. Wassily Leontief was included because, although he was born in Germany, he held Soviet and Russian citizenship and was affiliated with Leningrad University. Of note is that Mikhail Sholokhov is the only citizen of the Soviet Union who received approval from the Soviet government to receive their Nobel Prize in literature. During the Soviet period, all other Nobel Laureates in literature or peace were dissidents or exiles.