List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita
A country's gross domestic product at purchasing power parity per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita but adjusted for the cost of living in each country.
In 2023, the estimated average GDP per capita of all of the countries was Int$22,452. For rankings regarding wealth, see list of countries by wealth per adult.
Method
The gross domestic product per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, so they should be used with caution.Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made based on nominal GDP and savings, which do not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries ; hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing differences in living standards between economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in income.
This is why GDP per capita is considered one of the indicators of a country's standard of living, The relation between GDP per capita and standard of living has been criticized. Alternative measures of standard of living include list of countries by average wage and disposable household and per capita income. GDP and GDP per capita are usually measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economy as the U.S. dollar in the United States. The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than 10 to over 40% of GDP.
Since 2014, EU member states have been encouraged by Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.
Table
Main table
All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number. The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available year's estimates, and can be re-ranked by any of the sources.* ''Nearly all country links in the table connect to articles titled "Income in " or to "Economy of ".''
Other territories
Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens
There are many natural economic reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions. However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures. It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens. An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign direct investment flows, which heavily influence the GDP of various jurisdictions, are described as "phantom" transactions.In 2017, Ireland's economic data became so distorted by U.S. multinational tax avoidance strategies, also known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP statistics as credible measures of its economy, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income. Ireland is one of the world's largest corporate tax havens.
A list of the top 15 GDP-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global tax havens :