Languages of Botswana
The official language of Botswana is English, while Setswana is considered to be a national language. English, which was inherited from colonial rule, is the language of official business and most written communication. Most of the population speak Setswana, but over 20 smaller languages are also spoken. Some of the country's languages are in danger of becoming extinct.
Official and national languages
The official written language of Botswana is English. Most written communication and official business texts are written in English. The language of the Tswana people—Setswana—is the country's national language, and is spoken by most of the population.Other languages
Aside from English and Setswana, other languages are spoken in the country. Over 90% of the population speak a Bantu language as their first language. According to the CIA's World Factbook, the most common Bantu languages spoken are Setswana, Kalanga, Kgalagadi, Shona Mbukushu and Ndebele. 1.7% speak Tshwa and 0.1% speak !Xóõ, a Tuu language. English is spoken by 2.8% as their first language, and a small number speak Afrikaans.The number of individual languages listed for Botswana is 31. All are living languages. Of these, 26 are indigenous and 5 are non-indigenous. Furthermore, 4 are institutional, 9 are developing, 8 are vigorous, 9 are in trouble, and 1 is dying.
Languages spoken at home in Botswana
Source:| Main language | 2001 | 2011 | 2022 |
| Setswana | 79.3 | 77.3 | 77.5 |
| Kalanga | 7.9 | 7.4 | 4.9 |
| English | 2.1 | 2.8 | 3.6 |
| Shekgalagari | 2.8 | 3.4 | 2.5 |
| Zezuru | 0.7 | 2.0 | 1.5 |
| Sesarwa | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 |
| Ndebele | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 |
| Thimbukushu | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.8 |
| Otjiherero | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
| Afrikaans | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Chisubia | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Sheyeyi | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Other | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.7 |
| Not Stated | 0.2 | 0.0 | 4.1 |