Quantum Leap (1989 TV series)
Quantum Leap is an American science fiction television series, created by Donald P. Bellisario, that aired on NBC for five seasons, from March 26, 1989, to May 5, 1993. The series stars Scott Bakula as Dr. Sam Beckett, a physicist who, believing he has invented a way to travel through time, voluntarily subjects himself to an experiment that he believes will prove the validity of his controversial theories. Sam “Leaps” into the fluid of spacetime and apparently disappears forever. However, it is soon revealed that Sam is alive. And he is Leaping into other people's auras. He has his own body. But everybody else sees him as who he Leaped into. The person he Leaped into is sent to the Waiting Room back at the Project. Everybody there sees that person as Sam. Since they are Leaped into Sam's aura. The AI he created, called Ziggy, operates with the assumption that in order to return home, Sam must change events in the past in order to "correct" the future course of events.
Dean Stockwell co-stars as Rear Admiral Al Calavicci, Sam's womanizing, cigar-smoking companion and best friend, who appears as a hologram that only Sam can see and hear. Al is able to research the life Sam has currently Leaped into, providing advice when needed. Al sees Sam as the person he has Leaped into.
The series, which combines humor, drama, romance, social commentary, and science fiction, was ranked number 19 on TV Guides "Top Cult Shows Ever" in 2007.
A revival series, that followed the original show's continuity, ran on NBC from 2022 to 2024.
Premise and characters
In the very near future, physicist Dr. Sam Beckett theorizes that time travel within one's own lifetime is possible, and obtains government support to build project "Quantum Leap". Some years later, having already spent $43 billion, the government threatens to halt funding, as apparently no progress has been made. Sam then decides to test the Project Quantum Accelerator himself to save the project, telling no one. He is immediately thrown back in time, but upon awakening, finds that while he physically exists in the past, he appears to everyone else as the person into whom he has Leaped, and has a partial amnesia related to his own identity.A hologram of his best friend, United States Navy Rear Admiral Al Calavicci, appears, visible and audible only to Sam, who explains to Dr. Beckett that it appears he must fix something that "went wrong" in time. Al is aided by project Quantum Leap’s AI, nicknamed Ziggy, who is described as a "parallel hybrid computer with a massive ego". Despite successfully changing the past in episode 1, Sam continues to Leap, seemingly guided by what is eventually described as “an unknown force" that wants him to put right events in the past that once went wrong, for reasons unknown. Thence forth, Dr. Samuel Beckett leaps from life to life and time to time, attempting to "put right what once went wrong and hoping each time that his next Leap will be the Leap home."
Sam has six doctoral degrees, a black belt in kung fu, a photographic memory, and near-virtuosic musical talent, allowing him to easily slip into the shoes of almost anyone in the past. The somewhat bookish and naive Sam is contrasted by Al, who is, among other things, a womanizing, cigar-smoking, five-time divorcé who spent his early years in an orphanage, was active in the civil rights movement, became a naval aviator, and was even a prisoner of war in Vietnam.
Sam and Al are the only characters to appear in every episode. The supporting characters of each episode are the friends, family, and acquaintances of the person Sam has Leapt into. With a few exceptions, such as two-part or sequential episodes, these characters appear only once, though several actors have played multiple characters. Occasionally, Sam runs into real-life historical figures such as Buddy Holly, Michael Jackson, Sylvester Stallone, Donald Trump, Marilyn Monroe, and Ruth Westheimer, the last of whom played herself.
The other members of the Quantum Leap team, though mentioned often, appear in only a handful of episodes. They include head programmer Irving "Gooshie" Gushman, psychiatrist Dr. Verbena Beeks, medical technician Tina Martinez, and Sam's wife, Dr. Donna Eleese, the project's director in his absence. The latter does not exist as Sam’s wife until Dr. Beckett changes history.
Production
Development
The main premise for Quantum Leap was inspired by such movies as Here Comes Mr. Jordan and Heaven Can Wait, as well as the 1960s TV show, The Time Tunnel. Series creator, Donald P. Bellisario, saw its potential as an original anthology series, though at the time, similarly themed shows were unpopular with the major networks.The series ran on NBC for five seasons, from March 1989 through May 1993.
Soundtrack
The theme for the series, written by Mike Post, was later rearranged for the fifth season, except for the series-finale episode, which featured the original theme music. Scores for the episodes were composed by Post and Velton Ray Bunch.A soundtrack album was first released in 1993, titled Music from the Television Series 'Quantum Leap' , dedicated to John Anderson, who played Pat Knight in The Last Gunfighter. It was released by GNP Crescendo on CD and cassette tape.
| No. | Track | Composer | Length | Episode |
| 1 | Prologue | Mike Post, Velton Ray Bunch, Deborah Pratt | 1:05 | |
| 2 | Quantum Leap | Mike Post | 1:15 | |
| 3 | Somewhere in the Night | Scott Bakula | 3:32 | Piano Man |
| 4 | Suite from the Leap Home | Velton Ray Bunch | 3:37 | The Leap Home, Part 1 |
| 5 | Imagine | John Lennon | 3:05 | The Leap Home, Part 1 |
| 6 | Sam's Prayer | Velton Ray Bunch | 1:52 | A Single Drop of Rain |
| 7 | Blue Moon of Kentucky | Bill Monroe | 1:41 | Memphis Melody |
| 8 | Baby, Let's Play House | Arthur Gunter | 2:13 | Memphis Melody |
| 9 | Shoot Out | Velton Ray Bunch | 3:03 | The Last Gunfighter |
| 10 | Medley from Man of La Mancha | Scott Bakula | 6:18 | Catch a Falling Star |
| 11 | Bite Me | Velton Ray Bunch | 3:29 | Blood Moon |
| 12 | Alphabet Rap | Dean Stockwell | 2:05 | Shock Theater |
| 13 | Suite from "Lee Harvey Oswald" | Velton Ray Bunch | 14:55 | Leaping on a String |
| 14 | Fate's Wide Wheel | Scott Bakula | 3:05 | Glitter Rock |
| 15 | A Conversation with Scott Bakula | Scott Bakula | 12:02 | |
| 16 | Quantum Leap | Mike Post, Velton Ray Bunch | 2:20 |
Episodes
Broadcast history
The Quantum Leap series, though initially scheduled to air on Friday nights, was almost immediately moved to Wednesday evenings. Later on, as the show became more successful, it was moved to Fridays. In late 1992, it began to air on Tuesdays. The series finale aired on a Wednesday in May, 1993.The most frequent time slot for the series is indicated by italics:
- Sunday at 9:00–11:00 pm on NBC: March 26, 1989
- Friday at 9:00–10:00 pm on NBC: March 31, 1989 – April 21, 1989Wednesday at 10:00–11:00 pm on NBC: May 3—17, 1989; September 20, 1989 – May 9, 1990; March 6, 1991 – May 20, 1992
- Friday at 8:00–9:00 pm on NBC: September 28, 1990 – January 4, 1991
- Tuesday at 8:00–9:00 pm on NBC: September 22, 1992 – April 20, 1993
- Wednesday at 9:00–10:00 pm on NBC: May 4, 1993
Quantum Leap Week
During the summer of 1990, NBC scheduled a "Quantum Leap Week". Over the course of five consecutive nights, repeat episodes of the show were broadcast in an effort to drum up interest in the fledging series. The "Quantum Leap Week" was repeated during the summer of 1991. Each of the weekly events was supported by a series of advertisements. In each were a series of "man-on-the-street" attempting to say "Quantum Leap Week" fast, with varied levels of success.Home media
Universal Studios has released the entire, digitally remastered, Quantum Leap series on DVD. Some controversy arose when fans discovered that many songs had been replaced from the soundtrack due to music rights issues. For the fifth season, Universal included all of the original music.On April 13, 2016, Mill Creek Entertainment announced that it had acquired the rights to the series and re-released the first two seasons on DVD on June 7, 2016.
On February 7, 2017, Mill Creek re-released Quantum Leap - the Complete Series on DVD and also released the complete series on Blu-ray for the first time. The 18-disc set contains all 97 episodes of the series, as well as most of the original music restored for all seasons.
Final episode
At the end of season five, Bellisario was told to write an episode that could serve as a season finale or series finale, as it was unclear whether Quantum Leap would be renewed. The episode contained some answers to long-standing questions about the show, but contained enough ambiguity for a season six. When the show was not renewed, two title cards were attached to the end of the last episode. The first read that Al's first wife Beth never remarried, so they were still married in the present day and had four daughters. The second said Sam "never returned home." The finale was met by viewers with mixed feelings.A few years after the airing of the finale, a script for an alternate ending was leaked on the internet. It implied that Al, through encouragement of his wife Beth, would become a leaper to go after Sam. Bellisario has said no script exists and that he does not know where this idea came from. In 2018, however, fan Allison Pregler purchased on-set publicity stills taken from season five that contained some shots of Al and Beth together; this implies that part of the alternate ending was, in fact, shot and gives credibility to the alternate-ending scenario. In May 2019, a video of the lost footage was uploaded to Reddit. Scott Bakula confirmed that several endings were shot and that the footage was authentic.
Reception
The series had a slow start in the ratings, and its timeslot was moved often, but it did well in the 18–49 demographic. The finale was viewed by 13 million American households. In 2004 and 2007, Quantum Leap was ranked number 15 and 19, respectively, on TV Guide "Top Cult Shows Ever".Awards
Along with 43 nominations, Quantum Leap received 17 awards.Other media
Books
;Nonfiction- Barrett, Julie, The A–Z of Quantum Leap. Boxtree Ltd., London 1995.
- Chunovic, Louis, Quantum Leap Book. Boxtree Ltd., London 1993.
- Schuster, Hal, The Making of Quantum Leap. HarperCollins, London 1996.
- Dale, Matt, Beyond the Mirror Image. TME Books, UK 2017. The limited edition first print hardcover was funded via Kickstarter in late 2016 and included both black & white and colored pages. Due to popular demand, the book was reprinted, though the 2nd edition did not include colored pages and came with a book jacket/dust cover.
- Robitaille, Julie, The Beginning. Transworld Publishers|Corgi, London 1990.. Re-published in U.K. by Boxtree Ltd., London 1994..
- Robitaille, Julie, The Ghost and the Gumshoe. Corgi, London 1990.. Re-published in U.K. by Boxtree Ltd., London 1994.
- McConnell, Ashley, Quantum Leap: The Novel. Ace Books, 1992.. Re-published in the UK as Carny Knowledge. Boxtree Limited, London 1993.
- McConnell, Ashley, Too Close for Comfort. Ace Books, 1993..
- McConnell, Ashley, The Wall. Ace Books, 1994..
- McConnell, Ashley, Prelude. Ace Books, 1994..
- Melanie Rawn: Knights of the Morningstar. Ace Books, 1994..
- Melissa Crandall: Search and Rescue. Ace Books, 1994..
- McConnell, Ashley, Random Measures. Ace Books, 1995..
- Storm, L. Elizabeth, Pulitzer. Boulevard, 1995..
- Henderson, C.J. and Laura Anne Gilman, Double or Nothing. Boulevard, 1995..
- Walton, Barbara E., Odyssey. Boulevard, 1996..
- Peel, John, Independence. Boulevard, 1996.. Re-published in the U.K. as Leap into the Unknown. Boxtree Ltd., London 1996.
- Storm, L. Elizabeth, Angels Unaware. Boulevard, 1997..
- Davis, Carol, Obsessions. Boulevard, 1997..
- Schofield, Sandy, Loch Ness Leap. Boulevard, 1997.
- Kent, Melanie, Heat Wave. Boulevard, 1997.
- DeFilippis, Christopher, Foreknowledge. Boulevard, 1998.
- Peterman, Mindy, Song And Dance. Boulevard, 1998.
- Davis, Carol, and Esther D. Reese: Mirror's Edge. Boulevard, 2000.
Comics
Innovation Publishing produced a series of comic books that ran for 13 issues from September 1991 through August 1993. As with the television series, each issue ended with a teaser preview of the following issue and Sam's exclamation of "Oh, boy." Among the people into whom Sam found himself leaping in this series were:| Issue | Title | Person | Date |
| 1 | "First There Was a Mountain, Then There Was No Mountain, Then There Was" | High school teacher named Karen Connors in Memphis, Tennessee | March 25, 1968 |
| 2 | "Freedom of the Press" | Death row inmate named Willie Jackson, who must prevent a murder on the outside | June 11, 1962 |
| 3A | "He Knows If You've Been Bad or Good..." | Part-time Santa Claus, who goes by the name of Nick | December 20, 1963 |
| 3B | "The Infinite Corridor" | Student at MIT named Matt Randall, who is researching quantum physics | April 2, 1968 |
| 4 | "The 50,000 Quest" | Contestant amid the quiz show scandals | August 15, 1958 |
| 5 | "Seeing is Believing" | Newspaper reporter/columnist, who responds to a girl seeing a UFO | November 14, 1957 |
| 6 | "A Tale of Two Cindys" | Teenaged girl with an identical twin sister | February 12, 1959 |
| 7A | "Lives on the Fringe" | Professional golfer with the Mafia after him | 1974 |
| 7B | "Sarah's Got a Gun" | Bus driver, who discovers child abuse | May 19, 1953 |
| 8 | "Getaway" | Bank robber, while the leapee tours the project with Al | 1958 |
| 9 | "Up Against a Stonewall" | Sequel to "Good Night, Dear Heart": Stephanie Heywood is released from prison after serving 12 years for manslaughter. | June 22, 1969 |
| 10 | "Too Funny For Words" | Stand-up comedian, who befriends a fading silent movie star | June 13, 1966 |
| 11 | "For the Good of the Nation" | Doctor studying the effects of LSD on human subjects | July 1958 |
| 12 | "Waiting" | Gas-station attendant with a lot of time on his hands | April 24, 1958 |
| 13 | "One Giant Leap" | An extraterrestrial aboard an orbiting spaceship | June 5, 1963 |
| "Two Dweebs and a Little Monster" | Not published |
Few of the comic stories referenced episodes of the television series, with the exception of the ninth issue, "Up Against a Stonewall".
Continuation
Proposed films
Television film
In July 2002, the Sci-Fi Channel announced development of a two-hour television film based on Quantum Leap that would have served as a backdoor pilot for a new series, with Bellisario as executive producer.Feature film
In July 2010 during the TV Guide panel at San Diego Comic-Con, Scott Bakula said that Bellisario was working on a script for a projected Quantum Leap feature film. Bellisario confirmed in October 2017 at the L.A. Comic Con that he had finished the script.Revival
In January 2020, Jeff Bader, NBC's head of program planning and strategy, announced that the network was considering a reboot of Quantum Leap for the launch of its Peacock streaming service.In January 2022, NBC greenlit a pilot episode of a Quantum Leap sixth season revival. Bellisario is involved, while the showrunners include Steven Lilien and Bryan Wynbrandt, with Deborah Pratt and Martin Gero as executive producers. The pilot will take place 30 years after the conclusion of the original series, with a new team reviving Project Quantum Leap to understand both it and the fate of Sam Beckett. Raymond Lee was signed to star in the pilot in the role of Dr. Ben Song, the person that ends up traveling back in time through the Quantum Leap project. Ernie Hudson was cast as Herbert "Magic" Williams, the lead of the new Quantum Leap program and a Vietnam War veteran whom Sam leaped into in the season three episode "The Leap Home – Vietnam". NBC gave the green light for a full season order in May 2022. In July 2022, it was announced that Dean Georgaris joined as showrunner. It premiered on September 19, 2022, airing on Monday nights.
In September 2022, original series star Scott Bakula confirmed that he had been asked by producers to reprise his role as Sam Beckett in the revival, but ultimately decided against it, saying in a statement on Instagram, "As the show has always been near and dear to my heart, it was a very difficult decision to pass on the project".
On April 5, 2024, it was confirmed that the series had been canceled after two seasons.
In popular culture
Source Code, a 2011 science-fiction action thriller film, was directed by Duncan Jones. Jones said in reading its script that he was reminded of Quantum Leap and as a reference to the show, cast Bakula in a voice cameo role, including giving him one line of "Oh, boy" in the script.Special episodes of Star Trek: Enterprise and NCIS: New Orleans, both series that featured Bakula as lead, included Stockwell as a guest star to reunite the two actors from Quantum Leap. Further, "Chasing Ghosts" was directed by James Whitmore Jr., who had directed 15 episodes, and acted in three episodes, of Quantum Leap.
The 2017 episode "The Gang Turns Black" of the series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia features numerous Quantum Leap references. When the gang finds themselves in different bodies, Sweet Dee suggests that they are "quantum leaping". Bakula has a guest appearance, as himself, supposedly researching an upcoming role, but in fact working as a retirement home custodian due to lack of residuals.
In the 2019 film Avengers: Endgame, Scott Lang brings the show up as one of many examples of time travel in fiction allowing one to change one's own past, contrasting Bruce Banner's explanation that time travel works differently in their universe.