Eleanor


Eleanor is a feminine given name, originally from an Old French adaptation of the Old Provençal name Aliénor. It was the name of a number of women of royalty and nobility in western Europe during the High Middle Ages. The name was introduced to England by Eleanor of Aquitaine, who came to marry King Henry II. It was also borne by Eleanor of Provence, who became queen consort of England as the wife of King Henry III, and Eleanor of Castile, wife of Edward I.
The name was popular in the Anglosphere during the first half of the 20th century, but declined in use until the late 20th century and first decades of the 21st century. It has been a well-used name in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand during the 2020s. Eleanor was the third most popular name for newborn girls born to white mothers in the U.S. state of Virginia in 2024, but was a less popular name for girls born to mothers from other groups. Eleanor was the ninth most popular name overall for newborn girls in Virginia in 2024.
Eleanor Roosevelt, the longest-serving first lady of the U.S., was probably the most famous bearer of the name in contemporary history.
Spelling variants include Elanor, Eleonore, Elinor, Ellenor and others. A common variant is Eleonora/Eleanora. Common hypocorisms include Eleana, Elle, Ella, Ellie, Elly, Leonor, Leonora, Leonore, Nella, Nellie, Nelly, and Nora.

Origin

The name derives from the Provençal name Aliénor, which became Éléonore in Langue d'oïl, i.e., French, and from there Eleanor in English.
The origin of the name is somewhat unclear; one of the earliest bearers appears to have been Eleanor of Aquitaine. She was the daughter of Aénor de Châtellerault, and it has been suggested that having been baptized Aenor after her mother, she was called alia Aenor, i.e. "the other Aenor" or Aliénor in childhood and would have kept that name in adult life. Some sources say that the name Aénor itself may be a Latinization of an unknown Germanic name.
Eleanor of Aquitaine, the most powerful woman in 12th century Europe, was certainly the reason for the name's later popularity. However, the name's origin with her, and the explanation of alia Aenor is uncertain; there are records of possible bearers of the name Alienor earlier in the 12th, or even in the 11th or 10th centuries, but the records of these women post-date Eleanor of Aquitaine, at a time when Alienor had come to be seen as an equivalent variant of the name Aenor :
  1. Alienor, wife of Aimery II, Viscount of Thouars, and mother of Herbert I.
  2. Aleanor de Thouars, grandmother of Aénor of Châtellerault, and thus Eleanor of Aquitaine's great-grandmother. Born c. 1060 as a daughter of Aimery IV of Thouars and Aurengarde de Mauleon. Her name is also cited in some documents as Adenor, Aenors and Aleanor/Alienor, and may have been corrupted to Alienor in genealogies only after the 12th century.
  3. Eleanor of Normandy, aunt of William the Conqueror, was so named by the 17th-century genealogist Pierre de Guibours, but de Guibours' sources for this remain unknown.
  4. Eleanor of Champagne, in 1125 became the first wife of Ralph I, Count of Vermandois, who was displaced by Eleanor of Aquitaine's sister Petronilla of Aquitaine, leading to war in Champagne.

    Variants

  • Breton: Azenor
  • Catalan: Elionor
  • Czech: Eleonora, Eleanor, Eleonor
  • Danish: Ellinor, Leonora
  • Dutch, Polish, Latvian: Eleonora
  • English: Eleanor, Elinor
  • Estonian: Eleonoora, Ellinor
  • Finnish: Eleonora, Eleonoora, Leonora, Nora
  • French: Eléonore, Éléonore, Léonore, Elléonore, Eléanor, Éléanor, Éléanore, Aliénor, Aénor
  • German: Eleonore
  • Greek: Ελεονώρα
  • Hungarian, Slovak: Eleonóra
  • Indonesian: Eleanor, Eleonora, Leonora
  • Irish: Eileanóra, Elienor
  • Italian: Eleonora, Leonora
  • Occitan: Alienor, Alienòr
  • Portuguese: Leonora, Leonor
  • Provençal: Lenoa, Leno
  • Spanish: Leonor
  • Swedish: Eleanora, Ellinor, Elleonore, Elna
  • Turkish: Elanur
  • Welsh: Elinor

    Notable people

People with the given name Eleanor

Medieval