Demographics of Malta


Demographic features of the population of Malta include population density, ethnicity, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Characteristics

Malta is the most densely populated country in the EU and one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with about. This compares with about 32 per square kilometre for the United States.
Inhabited since prehistoric times, Malta was first colonized by Sicilians. Subsequently, Phoenicians, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs in 870 AD who may have completely depopulated the islands but in 1224 were themselves expelled from Malta, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, French and the British have influenced Maltese life and culture to varying degrees.
Roman Catholicism is established by law as the religion of Malta with 98%; however, full liberty of conscience and freedom of worship is guaranteed, and a number of faiths have places of worship on the island.
Malta has two official languages--Maltese, and English, which includes a local dialect, Maltese English. Both languages are compulsory subjects in Maltese primary and secondary schools. A large portion of the population is also fluent in Italian, which was, until 1936, the national language of Malta. The literacy rate has reached 93%, compared to 63% in 1946. Schooling is compulsory until age 16.

Age distribution

Since 2000, the shift in the age composition towards an older population continued to materialise. In fact, the average age of the Maltese population increased from 38.5 in 2005 to 40.5 in 2011. This resulted from the increase in the number of persons aged 55 and over, together with a decrease in the number of persons under 25 years of age. The average in Gozo and Comino was higher than that observed for Malta.
Persons aged 65 and over more represent 16.3% of the total population in 2011, compared to 13.7% in 2005. In contrast, persons aged 14 and under make up 14.8% of the population in 2011, compared to 17.2% in 2005.

Migrant background and foreign nationality

Foreign nationals in Malta
As of 2016 and 2017, the numbers of selected groups of resident foreign nationals in Malta were as follows:
This list does not include foreign nationals who acquired Maltese nationality and foreign nationals without resident status.
RankNationalityPopulation Population
Total30,000+

Emigration

Malta has long been a country of emigration, with big Maltese communities in English-speaking countries abroad.
Mass emigration picked up in the 19th century, reaching its peak in the decades after World War II.
In the nineteenth century, most migration from Malta was to North Africa and the Middle East, although rates of return migration to Malta were high. Nonetheless, Maltese communities formed in these regions. By 1900, for example, British consular estimates suggest that there were 15,326 Maltese in Tunisia.
There is little trace left of the Maltese communities in North Africa, most of them having been displaced, after the rise of independence movements, to places like Marseille, the United Kingdom or Australia.
After World War II, Malta's Emigration Department would assist emigrants with the cost of their travel. Between 1948 and 1967, 30 per cent of the population emigrated. Between 1946 and the late 1970s, over 140,000 people left Malta on the assisted passage scheme, with 57.6 per cent migrating to Australia, 22 per cent to the UK, 13 per cent to Canada and 7 per cent to the United States.
46,998 Maltese-born residents were recorded by the 2001 Australian Census, 30,178 by the 2001 UK Census, 9,525 by the 2001 Canadian Census and 9,080 by the 2000 United States census.
Emigration dropped dramatically after the mid-1970s and has since ceased to be a social phenomenon of significance. However, since Malta joined the EU in 2004 expatriate communities emerged in a number of European countries particularly in Belgium and Luxembourg. At the same time, Malta is becoming more and more attractive for communities of immigrants, both from Western and Northern Europe and from Eastern Europe.

Immigration

Most of the foreign community in Malta, predominantly active or retired British nationals and their dependents, is centred on Sliema and surrounding modern suburbs. Other smaller foreign groups include Italians, French, and Lebanese, many of whom have assimilated into the Maltese nation over the decades.
Since the late 20th century, Malta has become a transit country for migration routes from Africa towards Europe.
As a member of the European Union and of the Schengen agreement, Malta is bound by the Dublin Regulation to process all claims for asylum by those asylum seekers that enter EU territory for the first time in Malta.
Irregular migrants who land in Malta are subject to a compulsory detention policy, being held in several camps organised by the Armed Forces of Malta, including those near Ħal Far and Ħal Safi. The compulsory detention policy has been denounced by several NGOs, and in July 2010, the European Court of Human Rights found that Malta's detention of migrants was arbitrary, lacking in adequate procedures to challenge detention, and in breach of its obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights.
Very few migrants arrived in Malta in 2015, despite the fact that the rest Europe was experiencing a migrant crisis. Most migrants who were rescued between Libya and Malta were taken to Italy, and some refused to be brought to Malta.

Net Migration

YearImmigrationEmigrationNet migration
20129,1525,9463,206
201312,4466,5505,896
201415,9286,2009,728
201518,2028,2259,977
201618,1169,5108,606
201722,7508,03614,714
201827,39410,01917,375
201929,3048,07921,225
202014,75113,804947
202116,96313,1463,817
202234,96413,11621,848
202342,23921,27920,960
202434,03323,41910,614

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
Largest cities:
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
79.01 years
male:
76.83 years
female:
81.31 years
Total fertility rate:
1.42 children born/woman
State religion:
Roman Catholic Church in Malta 88.6%
Languages:
Maltese, English, Italian

Vital statistics

Statistics from United Nations ''and National Statistics Office Malta''
Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate Crude death rate Natural change Fertility rate
1932246,0008,0005,1502,85032.520.911.6-
1933250,0008,3005,1003,20033.220.412.8-
1934254,0008,5445,7022,84233.622.411.2-
1935256,0008,7016,0182,68334.023.510.5-
1936259,0008,8754,6174,25834.317.816.4-
1937263,0008,8795,3043,57533.820.213.6-
1938267,0008,7045,3993,30532.620.212.4-
1939269,0008,9305,3853,54533.220.013.2-
1940270,0008,8086,1442,66432.622.89.9-
1941271,0007,3526,44490827.123.83.4-
1942270,0006,7688,603-1,83525.131.9-6.8-
1943271,0008,4525,5782,87431.220.610.6-
1944276,00010,9633,7007,26339.713.426.3-
1945283,00010,9984,0166,98238.914.224.7-
1946291,00011,3044,0507,25438.813.924.9-
1947300,00011,6123,8387,77438.712.825.9-
1948306,00011,0293,7377,29236.012.223.8-
1949311,00010,5903,3267,26434.110.723.4-
1950312,00010,2813,2247,05733.010.322.6-
1951313,0009,5113,4766,03530.411.119.3-
1952317,0009,2263,3655,86129.110.618.5-
1953317,0008,9772,8486,12928.39.019.3-
1954320,0008,9913,0715,92028.19.618.5-
1955314,0008,5602,6835,87727.38.518.7-
1956314,0008,4182,9185,50026.89.317.5-
1957319,0008,7942,9555,83927.69.318.3-
1958322,0008,5282,6575,87126.58.318.2-
1959325,0008,4992,8365,66326.28.717.4-
1960327,2008,5652,8195,74626.28.617.6-
1961325,9007,6742,9374,73723.69.014.6-
1962324,6007,5132,8404,67323.28.814.4-
1963323,2006,6722,9813,69120.79.211.4-
1964321,9006,3942,7563,63819.98.611.3-
1965320,6005,6283,0012,62717.79.48.2-
1966317,0005,3402,8652,47516.99.17.9-
1967313,4005,3092,9852,32417.09.67.5-
1968309,7005,1432,8832,26016.79.47.3-
1969306,1005,0963,0242,07216.79.96.8-
1970302,5005,3143,0702,24417.610.17.4-
1971302,8005,5623,0902,47218.410.28.2-
1972302,6005,3852,8912,49417.89.68.2-
1973302,3005,2722,9352,33717.49.77.7-
1974302,1005,4402,7472,69318.09.18.9-
1975301,8925,7242,9002,82418.89.59.3-
1976306,5515,6962,9672,72918.69.78.9-
1977304,9975,7932,8722,92118.99.49.52.14
1978308,9425,6413,2632,37818.210.57.72.05
1979311,4215,8232,9682,85518.69.59.12.10
1980315,2625,6023,2162,38617.710.27.51.99
1981318,0285,2923,0622,23016.69.67.01.87
1982319,9365,9123,0502,86218.19.48.8
1983331,8595,6513,1372,51417.19.57.6
1984329,1895,5712,9032,66816.98.88.11.95
1985331,9975,4302,8372,59316.18.47.71.95
1986340,9075,2452,8242,42115.38.37.11.93
1987343,3345,3142,9082,40615.48.47.01.97
1988345,6365,5332,7082,82515.97.88.12.06
1989349,0145,5842,6102,97415.97.48.52.10
1990352,4305,3682,7452,62315.27.87.42.04
1991361,9085,3022,8752,42714.67.96.71.99
1992365,7815,4742,9002,57414.97.97.02.07
1993369,4555,1472,6922,45513.97.36.61.97
1994373,1614,8262,6982,12812.97.25.71.84
1995376,4334,6132,7081,90512.27.25.01.77
1996378,4045,0382,7592,27913.37.36.01.99
1997381,4054,8482,8651,98312.77.55.21.93
1998384,1764,6703,0181,65212.17.84.31.84
1999386,3974,4033,0791,32411.47.93.41.73
2000388,7594,3922,9411,45111.37.53.71.68
2001391,4153,9572,9041,05310.17.42.71.48
2002394,6413,9183,0069129.97.62.31.45
2003397,2964,0503,14690410.27.92.31.48
2004399,8673,8873,0068819.77.52.21.39
2005402,6683,8583,1327269.67.81.81.38
2006404,9993,7793,2165639.37.91.41.36
2007405,6163,7653,1116549.37.61.61.35
2008407,8324,0133,2437709.87.91.91.43
2009410,9264,0293,2218089.87.82.01.42
2010414,0273,8983,0108889.47.32.11.36
2011414,9894,1653,26789810.07.82.21.45
2012417,5464,1303,4187129.88.11.71.42
2013422,5094,0323,2367969.57.61.91.36
2014429,4244,1913,2709219.67.52.11.38
2015439,6914,3253,4428839.77.72.01.37
2016450,4154,4763,3421,1349.87.32.51.37
2017460,2974,3193,5717489.27.61.61.26
2018475,7014,4443,6887569.27.61.61.23
2019493,5594,3503,6886628.67.31.31.14
2020516,1254,4144,0843308.67.90.61.13
2021520,1744,3954,1632328.58.10.41.13
2022542,0514,3094,230798.38.00.31.08
2023563,4434,4624,0304328.17.30.81.07
20245742504,3744,1811937.67.30.31.00
20254,3684,176

Structure of the population

Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total207 625209 807417 432100
0–410 3479 71420 0614.81
5–99 9719 44819 4194.65
10–1411 35510 89322 2485.33
15–1913 50912 67326 1826.27
20–2415 06214 38829 4507.06
25–2915 72214 59830 3207.26
30–3415 64114 55330 1947.23
35–3914 75714 04228 7996.90
40–4412 84012 39625 2366.05
45–4913 57413 32126 8956.44
50–5415 29215 30430 5967.33
55–5914 65514 59129 2467.01
60–6415 13015 46530 5957.33
65–6911 42912 29923 7285.68
70–747 3898 81616 2053.88
75–795 5797 70813 2873.18
80–843 1815 3138 4942.03
85–891 6222 9454 5671.09
90–944801 1031 5830.38
95–99822142960.07
100+823310.01
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–1431 67330 05561 72814.79
15–64146 182141 331287 51368.88
65+29 77038 42168 19116.34

Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total266 939249 161516 100100
0–412 18411 31723 5014.55
5–912 34811 43423 7824.61
10–1411 40310 62622 0294.27
15–1911 01410 39221 4064.15
20–2416 40814 12930 5375.92
25–2924 45920 40944 8688.69
30–3425 93021 82247 7529.25
35–3923 59719 53243 1298.36
40–4420 81017 63938 4497.45
45–4917 95015 57233 5226.50
50–5414 94613 45528 4015.50
55–5915 44714 49929 9465.80
60–6415 71415 64631 3606.08
65–6913 96114 23928 2005.46
70–7413 71314 85628 5695.54
75–798 5119 95518 4663.58
80–845 0656 99112 0562.34
85–892 4954 4256 9201.34
90–948061 7272 5330.49
95–991424165580.11
100–1042867950.02
105–10961117<0.01
110+224<0.01
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–1435 93533 37769 31213.43
15–64186 275163 095349 37067.69
65+44 72952 68997 41818.88

Note: Crude migration change is a trend analysis, an extrapolation based average population change minus natural change of the current year. As average population is an estimate of the population in the middle of the year and not end of the year.

Census per locality">Local councils of Malta">locality, 1901-2021


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text:Census data

190119111921193119481957196719851995200520112021
MALTA184,742211,564212,258241,621305,991319,620314,216345,418378,132404,962417,432519,562
-
Malta164,952188,869189,697217,784278,311292,019288,238319,736349,106373,955386,057480,275
Gozo and Comino19,79022,69522,56123,83727,68027,60125,97825,68229,02631,00731,37539,287
-
Southern Harbour70,24474,95579,00187,81184,20690,70587,87986,84383,23481,04779,43886,009
Cospicua12,14812,16411,53612,1634,8229,0959,1237,7316,0855,6575,2494,654
Fgura‐‐‐‐‐‐2,7378,25411,04211,25811,44913,066
Floriana5,6875,8115,9076,2415,0745,8114,9443,3272,7012,2402,0141,985
Ħal Luqa3,6703,9453,6074,0594,3185,3825,4135,5856,1506,0725,9117,249
Ħal Tarxien2,0652,8202,8763,2474,6077,7067,9897,0167,4127,5978,3809,464
Ħaż‐Żabbar5,7507,0127,0448,00311,72611,00510,16712,86914,13814,67114,91617,148
Kalkara1,1581,4911,6981,8992,0682,1011,9452,0862,8332,8822,9463,105
Marsa‐‐4,8387,86711,56010,6729,7227,9535,3245,3444,7885,468
Paola2,8124,3195,4757,29714,79311,42411,79411,7449,4008,8228,2679,339
Santa Luċija‐‐‐‐‐‐‐3,2083,6053,1862,9702,617
Senglea8,0938,2057,7417,6832,7565,0654,7494,1583,5283,0742,7402,304
Valletta22,76823,00622,39222,77918,66618,20215,2799,3407,2626,3005,7485,157
Vittoriosa6,0936,1825,8876,5733,8164,2424,0173,5723,0692,7012,4892,261
Xgħajra‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6851,2431,5712,192
-
Northern Harbour42,77453,74652,34763,941101,526104,889105,060113,730118,409119,332120,449157,297
Birkirkara8,4179,5738,56510,34516,07016,98717,21320,38521,28121,85821,74925,807
Gżira‐‐‐‐6,2958,5459,5758,4717,8727,0907,05510,331
Ħal Qormi8,1879,4049,28610,16514,39614,86915,39818,25617,69416,55916,39418,099
Ħamrun10,39314,60110,43411,58017,12416,89514,78713,68211,1959,5419,04310,514
Msida2,8933,6273,3733,9906,0646,58711,4376,2196,9427,6297,74813,587
Pembroke‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐2,2132,9353,4883,545
San Ġwann‐‐‐‐‐‐2,1228,17912,01112,73712,15214,244
Santa Venera‐‐1,9102,6394,5355,2466,1347,8276,1836,0756,7898,834
St Julian's1,4442,1642,5943,9989,1228,2857,39410,2397,3527,7528,06711,653
Swieqi‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6,7218,2088,75513,044
Ta' Xbiex‐‐‐‐‐‐‐1,9551,7321,8601,5562,092
Tal‐Pietà9331,2051,8232,3443,6264,076‐4,3804,3073,8464,0325,892
Tas‐Sliema10,50713,17214,36218,88024,29423,39921,00014,13712,90613,24213,62119,655
-
South Eastern17,54620,41220,09023,05234,20836,85435,22442,47550,65059,37164,27677,948
Birżebbuġa‐‐1,2191,7245,3395,2974,8765,6687,3078,56410,41211,844
Gudja1,1331,2701,1671,2831,4861,7121,7292,1562,8822,9232,9943,229
Ħal Għaxaq1,5181,7651,6291,8962,4482,8302,8663,6554,1264,4054,5775,538
Ħal Kirkop6337867078051,0161,2041,2251,5591,9572,1852,2832,527
Ħal Safi3674124594481,0407097841,3231,7311,9792,0742,641
Marsaskala‐‐‐‐‐8888761,9364,7709,34611,05916,804
Marsaxlokk4467157918291,4311,4691,4622,4052,8573,2223,3663,988
Mqabba1,2281,3581,2821,4681,9652,0882,1202,2692,6133,0213,2233,525
Qrendi1,3331,5221,5261,6112,1442,1552,0942,1992,3442,5352,6673,148
Żejtun7,2348,0607,7018,73111,98011,66510,44011,32111,37911,41011,33412,409
Żurrieq3,6544,5243,6094,2575,3596,8376,7527,9848,6849,78110,28712,295
-
Western21,66624,47823,58726,39334,89936,19636,14244,58051,96157,03858,12965,266
Ħ'Attard1,8372,0522,0582,3542,4802,6632,5705,6819,21410,40510,55312,268
Ħad‐Dingli8079631,0871,2581,8692,0411,7952,0472,7253,3473,5113,865
Ħal Balzan1,0961,2631,3131,6612,6372,7343,3014,7813,5603,8694,1014,774
Ħal Lija1,6921,8251,6121,7951,9502,1192,1433,0782,4972,7972,9773,162
Ħaż‐Żebbuġ5,4545,9505,3615,7567,4937,9698,1319,78810,39811,29211,58013,785
Iklin‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐3,0983,2203,1693,399
Mdina3044828169821,384823988421377278239193
Mtarfa‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐2,4262,5852,566
Rabat7,2118,4147,9859,05012,50312,79212,24312,92012,99511,47311,21211,936
Siġġiewi3,2653,5293,3553,5374,5835,0554,9715,8647,0977,9318,2029,318
-
Northern12,72215,27814,67216,58723,47223,37523,93332,10844,85257,16763,76593,755
Ħal Għargħur1,3771,5121,3271,4831,6901,8131,7742,3211,9912,3522,6053,741
Mellieħa2,3572,6752,6373,1984,5494,2904,2794,5256,2217,6768,66112,738
Mġarr7451,0671,2711,6272,2182,1672,1152,1882,6723,0143,4794,840
Mosta4,6295,7834,8665,2517,1867,3778,33412,14816,75418,73519,75023,482
Naxxar3,4293,2092,8863,2494,3894,6884,6436,4619,82211,97812,87516,912
St Paul's Bay1851,0321,6851,7793,4403,0402,7884,4657,39213,41216,39532,042
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Gozo and Comino19,79022,69522,56123,83727,68027,60125,97825,68229,02631,00731,37539,287
Fontana‐‐‐‐‐‐8938368178508821,042
Għajnsielem1,1211,2951,2501,4491,8781,8601,7551,8092,1762,5702,6453,523
Għarb1,0911,4171,4021,3981,5551,2691,1179831,0301,1461,1961,549
Għasri467428409467594471374335369418431518
Munxar‐‐‐‐‐‐4205077801,0521,0681,707
Nadur2,9483,3933,4603,3543,4654,1363,6943,4823,8824,1923,9731,707
Qala1,2191,3681,3401,6011,5691,6161,5221,3691,4921,6161,8112,300
San Lawrenz643558528499413428511517552598610772
Ta' Kerċem1,0371,1351,1431,2121,3071,2721,2511,4111,5571,6651,7181,881
Ta' Sannat1,1161,2431,2281,3241,6251,6561,2971,3091,6041,7251,8372,186
Victoria5,0575,6555,2195,5316,1756,3575,4625,9686,5246,3956,2527,242
Xagħra2,5623,1563,2623,5224,7594,0563,5173,2023,6693,9343,9685,161
Xewkija1,7622,1352,3142,4703,0793,2812,9992,7723,1283,1113,1433,555
Żebbuġ7679121,0061,0101,2611,1991,1661,1821,4461,7351,8413,303

Notes:
  1. Gżira shown as a separate locality since 1948.
  2. New locality of Msieraħ constituted from parts of Birkirkara and St Julian's and is shown as separate locality in 1967.
  3. New locality of Fgura constituted from parts of Paola, Ħal Tarxien and Ħaż‐Żabbar in 1967.
  4. Marsaskala shown as a separate locality since 1957.
  5. New locality of Munxar constituted from parts of Ta' Sannat and Fontana till 1957.
  6. New locality of Fontana shown as separate locality till 1967.
  7. Gwardamangia formed part of Ħamrun in 1967.
  8. Tal‐Pietà formed part of Msida in 1967.
  9. Santa Luċija formed part of Ħal Tarxien and Paola till 1967.
  10. Ta' Xbiex formed part of Msida and Gżira till 1967.
  11. Pembroke formed part of St Julian's till 1985.
  12. Swieqi formed part of St Julian's till 1985.
  13. Xgħajra formed part of Ħaż‐Żabbar till 1985.
  14. Iklin formed part of Ħal Lija, Birkirkara, Naxxar and San Ġwann till 1985.
  15. Mtarfa formed part of Rabat till 1995.
  16. The boundaries of some localities were changed between 1995 and 2005.
Source: Census of population and housing 2011, Final Report, p. 3;