Comparison of programming languages (array)

This comparison of programming languages compares the features of array data structures or matrix processing for various computer programming languages.

Syntax

Array dimensions

The following list contains syntax examples of how to determine the dimensions.
Some languages index from zero. Some index from one. Some carry no such restriction, or even allow indexing by any enumerated type, not only integers.

Languages	Size	First	Last
Ada
ALGOL 68	etc.	etc.	etc.
APL
AWK
C#, Visual Basic, Windows PowerShell, F#
CFML
Ch
Common Lisp
D
Fortran
Go
Haskell
ISLISP
Icon
Cobra, D, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Scala
J
JavaScript
Julia
Lingo
LiveCode
Lua
Mathematica
MATLAB, GNU Octave
Nim
Oberon
Object Pascal
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/I
Python
R
Raku	@
Red
Ruby
Rust
S-Lang
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Unicon
Visual Basic
Wolfram Language
Xojo
XPath/XQuery

Indexing

The following list contains syntax examples of how to access a single element of an array.

Format

Languages

ALGOL 58, ALGOL 60, ALGOL 68, AWK, Julia, Modula, Pascal, Object Pascal, C#, S-Lang Icon, Unicon

or etc.
or or etc.

APL

ActionScript, C, CFML, Ch, Cobra, C++, D, Go, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Lingo, Lua, Nim, Objective-C, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Ruby, Rust, Swift

Perl, Windows PowerShell, XPath/XQuery

Raku

or etc.

Ada, ALGOL W, BASIC, COBOL, Fortran, RPG, GNU Octave, MATLAB, PL/I, Scala, Visual Basic, Visual Basic, Xojo

XPath/XQuery

OCaml

F#, OCaml

Red

Haskell

XPath/XQuery

Scheme

Common Lisp

ISLISP

Mathematica, Wolfram Language

Smalltalk

Objective-C

Slicing

The following list contains syntax examples of how a range of element of an array can be accessed.
In the following table:

– the index of the first element in the slice
– the index of the last element in the slice
– one more than the index of last element in the slice
– the length of the slice
– the number of array elements in each

Format

Languages

ALGOL 68, Julia, Icon, Unicon

APL

Python

Pascal, Object Pascal, Delphi, Nim

Windows PowerShell

Perl

Ruby

Red

Ada

Fortran, GNU Octave, MATLAB

Mathematica, Wolfram Language

S-Lang

Haxe, JavaScript, Scala

CFML

PHP

Common Lisp

ISLISP

OCaml

Objective-C

Array system cross-reference list

Language	Default base index	Specifiable index type	Specifiable base index	Bound check	Multidimensional	Dynamically-sized	Vectorized operations
Ada	index type	yes	yes	checked	yes	init	some, others definable
ALGOL 68	1	no	yes	varies	yes	yes	user definable
APL	1	?	0 or 1	checked	yes	yes	yes
AWK	1	yes, implicitly	no	unchecked	yes, as delimited string	yes, rehashed	no
BASIC	0	?	no	checked	no	init	?
C	0	no	no	unchecked	partially	init, heap	no
Ch	0	no	no	checked	yes, also array of array	init, heap	yes
C++	0	no	no	unchecked	yes, also array of array	heap	no
C#	0	no	partial	checked	yes	heap	yes
CFML	1	no	no	checked	yes, also array of array	yes	no
COBOL	1	no	no	checked	array of array	no	some intrinsics
Cobra	0	no	no	checked	array of array	heap	?
Common Lisp	0	?	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
D	0	yes	no	varies	yes	yes	?
F#	0	no	partial	checked	yes	heap	yes
FreeBASIC	0	no	yes	checked	yes	init, init	?
Fortran	1	yes	yes	varies	yes	yes	yes
FoxPro	1	?	no	checked	yes	yes	?
Go	0	no	no	checked	array of array	no	no
Hack	0	yes	yes	checked	yes	yes	yes
Haskell	0	yes	yes	checked	yes, also array of array	init	?
IDL	0	?	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
ISLISP	0	?	no	checked	yes	init	yes
J	0	?	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
Java	0	no	no	checked	array of array	init	?
JavaScript	0	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	yes
Julia	1	yes	yes	checked	yes, also array of array	yes	yes
Lingo	1	?	?	unchecked	yes	yes	yes
Lua	1	?	partial	checked	array of array	yes	?
Mathematica	1	no	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
MATLAB	1	?	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
Nim	0	yes	yes	optional	array of array	yes	yes
Oberon	0	?	no	checked	yes	no	?
Oberon-2	0	?	no	checked	yes	yes	?
Objective-C	0	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	no
OCaml	0	no	no	checked by default	array of array	init	?
Pascal, Object Pascal	index type	yes	yes	varies	yes	varies	some
Perl	0	no	yes	checked	array of array	yes	no
Raku	0	no	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
PHP	0	yes	yes	checked	yes	yes	yes
PL/I	1	yes	yes	optional	yes	no	yes
Python	0	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	no
RPG	1	no	no	?	no	no	?
R	1	?	no	unchecked	yes, also array of array	yes	yes
Ruby	0	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	?
Rust	0	no	no	checked	array of array	no	?
Sass	1	no	no	checked	array of array	init	?
S-Lang	0	?	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
Scala	0	no	no	checked	array of array	init	yes
Scheme	0	?	no	checked	array of array	init	yes
Smalltalk	1	?	no	checked	array of array	yes	?
Swift	0	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	?
Visual Basic	0, 1, or index type	no	yes	checked	yes	yes	?
Visual Basic	0 or index type	no	partial	checked	yes	yes	yes
Wolfram Language	1	no	no	checked	yes	yes	yes
Windows PowerShell	0	no	no	checked	yes	heap	?
Xojo	0	no	no	checked	yes	yes	no
XPath/XQuery	1	no	no	checked	array of array	yes	yes