Classification of silicate minerals
This list gives an overview of the classification of minerals and includes mostly IMA recognized minerals and its groupings. This list complements the alphabetical list on List of minerals approved by IMA and List of minerals. Rocks, ores, mineral mixtures, non-IMA approved minerals and non-named
Classification of minerals
Introduction
The grouping of the New Dana Classification and of the mindat.org is similar only, and so this classification is an overview only. Consistency is missing too on the group name endings between New Dana Classification and mindat.org. Category, class and supergroup name endings are used as layout tools in the list as well.;Abbreviations:
- "*" – mineral not IMA-approved.
- "Q" – doubtful/questionable.
- Rn – renaming.
- Rd – redefinition.
- "REE" – rare-earth element.
- "PGE" – platinum-group element.
- "s.p." – special procedure.
Category '9': silicate minerals
- Unclassified silicates
Subclass '9.A': nesosilicates
- Zircon group: MSiO4
- * Hafnon HfSiO4, Stetindite Ce, Thorite SiO4, Zircon ZrSiO4, Coffinite U1−x4x, Thorogummite Th1−x4x, IMA2008-035 CeSiO4
- Olivine group
- * Calcio-Olivine Ca2SiO4, Fayalite 2, Forsterite Mg2, Laihunite Fe2+22, Liebenbergite 2, Olivine 2, Tephroite 2
- Phenakite group
- * Phenakite Be2SiO4, Willemite Zn2SiO4, Eucryptite LiAlSiO4
- Al2O
- * Sillimanite subgroup
- ** Sillimanite AlAlOSiO4, Mullite AlSiO, Boromullite Al4.5SiB0.5O9.5
- * Andalusite subgroup
- ** Andalusite AlAlOSiO4, Kanonaite AlSiO5, Yoderite Mg26Si4O182
- * Kyanite AlAlOSiO4
- Titanite group
- * Titanite CaTiSiO5, Malayaite CaSnOSiO4, Vanadomalayaite CaVOSiO4
- Cerite Group
- * Cerite- 9Fe3+63, Cerite- 963, Aluminocerite- 9343
- Silicate apatites
- * Ellestadite* Ca53, Britholite- 53, Britholite- 53, Ellestadite- Ca53, Ellestadite- Ca53, Ellestadite- Ca53, Mattheddleite Pb2074Cl4, Karnasurtite- 2O74•3, Fluorbritholite- 53, Fluorcalciobritholite 53F
- Uranophane group
- * Kasolite PbSiO4•H2O, Uranophane Ca2SiO32•5H2O, Sklodowskite 2Mg22•4H2O, Cuprosklodowskite Cu2•6H2O, Boltwoodite HK•1.5H2O, Natroboltwoodite SiO4•H2O, Oursinite 22•3H2O, Swamboite U7+H666•30H2O, Uranophane-beta Ca2•H2O
- Datolite group
- * Datolite series
- ** Datolite CaBSiO4, Hingganite- 2Be2Si2O82, Hingganite- Y2Be2Si2O82, Hingganite- 2Be2Si2O82, Calcybeborosilite- 2222
- * Homilite series
- ** Bakerite Ca4B433•H2O, Gadolinite- 2Fe2+Be2Si2O10, Gadolinite- Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10, Calciogadolinite? CaREEBe2Si2O10, Homilite Ca2B2Si2O10, Minasgeraisite- CaY2Be2Si2O10
- Hellandite group
- * Hellandite- 4222
- * Tadzhikite- Ca4222
- * Tadzhikite- Ca4222
- * Hellandite- 4Ce2Al22
- * Mottanaite- Ca42AlBe2O2
- * Ciprianiite Ca4222
- * Piergorite- Ca8Ce22Si6B8O362
- Vicanite group
- * Vicanite- 15As5+Fe3+Si6B4O40F7
- * Hundholmenite- 15Cax1−xSi6B348
- * Proshchenkoite- 15Fe2+CaSi6B348
"Garnet" supergroup
- Nesosilicate insular SiO4 groups only with cations in and > coordination
- :Category:Garnet group, X3Z23
- * Pyralspite series
- ** Pyrope Mg3Al23, Almandine 3Al23, Spessartine 3Al23, Knorringite Mg3Cr23, Majorite Mg323, Calderite 323
- * Ugrandite series
- ** Andradite Ca323, Grossular Ca3Al23, Uvarovite Ca3Cr23, Goldmanite Ca323, Yamatoite? 323
- * Schorlomite - Kimzeyite series
- ** Schorlomite Ca323, Kimzeyite Ca323O12, Morimotoite Ca3TiFe2+Si3O12
- * Hydrogarnet
- ** Hibschite Ca3Al23−x4x, Katoite Ca3Al23−x4x
- * Tetragonal Hydrogarnet
- ** Henritermierite Ca3224, Holtstamite Ca3224
- Bredigite Ca7Mg4, Merwinite Ca3Mg2, Wadalite Ca6Al5Si2O16Cl3, Rondorfite Ca8Mg4Cl2
"Humite" supergroup
- Nesosilicate insular SiO4 groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in coordination only
- Topaz group
- * Topaz Al2SiO42, Krieselite 2O42
- Humite, general formula Anm2
- * Chondrodite series
- ** Alleghanyite 522, Chondrodite 522, Reinhardbraunsite Ca5, Leucophoenicite 32, Manganhumite 7, Jerrygibbsite 942, Sonolite Mn942, Hydroxylclinohumite Mg92
Subclass '9.B': sorosilicates
- :Category:Epidote group|Epidote supergroup,
- * Epidote group
- ** Clinozoisite , Clinozoisite- CaSrAl3O, Epidote , Epidote- CaPbFe3+Al2O, Mukhinite , Piemontite , Piemontite- , Manganipiemontite-
- * Allanite group
- ** Allanite- , Allanite- , Allanite- , Dissakisite- , Dissakisite- , Ferriallanite- , Manganiandrosite- Mn3+AlMn2+O, Manganiandrosite- , Vanadoandrosite-
- * Dollaseite group
- ** Dollaseite- , Khristovite- , Mills et al.
Subclass '9.C': cyclosilicates
- Tourmaline group
- * Alkali-Deficient Tourmaline subgroup - Foitite subgroup
- ** Foitite , Magnesiofoitite , Rossmanite , Oxy-Rossmanite Al63O3
- * Calcic Tourmaline subgroup - Liddicoatite subgroup
- **Liddicoatite , Uvite CaMg334, Feruvite , Hydroxyuvite CaMg333
- * Ferric Tourmaline subgroup - Buergerite subgroup
- ** Buergerite , Povondraite
- * Lithian Tourmaline subgroup - Elbaite subgroup
- ** Olenite NaAl9B3Si6O27O3OH, Oxy-Dravite NaSi6O1833O, Elbaite NaAl633Si6O18
- *Sodic Tourmaline subgroup - Schorl subgroup
- ** Dravite , Fluor-Dravite NaMg3Al63F3, Schorl , Schorl- , Chromdravite , Vanadiumdravite
- Eudialyte group
- * Carbokentbrooksite 123Ca6Mn3Zr3Nb3•H2O
- * Eudialyte Na42ZrSi8O222
- * Feklichevite Na11Ca92Zr3Nb5
- * Ferrokentbrooksite Na15Ca63Zr3NbSi25O7332
- * Georgbarsanovite Na123Ca63Zr3NbSi25O76Cl2•H2O
- * Golyshevite 10Ca92Zr3NbSi25O723•H2O
- * Ikranite 1562Zr3Si24O666Cl•2-3H2O
- * Johnsenite- Na123Ca6Mn3Zr3W2
- * Kentbrooksite 156Mn2+Zr3NbSi25O74F2•2H2O
- * Khomyakovite Na12Sr3Ca6Fe3Zr3W32
- * Manganokhomyakovite Na12Sr3Ca6Mn3Zr3W32
- * Mogovidite Na96Ca6Fe2Zr3Si25O724
- * Oneillite Na15Ca3Mn33Zr3Nb32
- * Raslakite Na15Ca3Fe33Zr33
- * Rastsvetaevite Na27K8Ca12Fe3Zr6Si52O1446Cl2
- * Taseqite Na12Sr3Ca6Fe3Zr3NbSi25O733Cl2
- * Zirsilite- 123Ca6Mn3Zr3Nb3•H2O
- * Alluaivite Na196322Cl•2H2O
- * Andrianovite Na123Ca6Mn3Zr3Nb5
- * Aqualite 85Ca6Zr3Si26O669Cl
- * Dualite Na30126Zr3Ti3MnSi51O1449
- * Labyrinthite 35Ca12Fe3Zr6TiSi51O1449Cl3, Mills et al.
Subclass '9.D': inosilicates
Single chain inosilicates
- Astrophyllite group
- * Astrophyllite K2Na7Ti2Si8O264
- * Magnesioastrophyllite K2NaTi2Si8O264F
- * Hydroastrophyllite 2Ca5-6Ti2Si8O264F
- * Niobophyllite K2Na72Si8O264
- * Zircophyllite K272Si8O264F
- * Kupletskite K2Na72Si8O264F
- * Kupletskite- 2Na72Si8O264F
- * Niobokupletskite K2Na72Si8O264, Mills et al.
- Sapphirine supergroup
- * Sapphirine group
- ** Khmaralite 1612O40, Sapphirine 86O20
- * Aenigmatite group
- ** Aenigmatite 412Si12O40, Krinovite NaMg2CrSi3O10, Wilkinsonite Na242Si6O20
- * Rhoenite group
- ** Dorrite Ca2Mg244Si2O20, Hogtuvaite 266O20, Makarochkinite Ca24Fe3+TiSi4BeAlO20, Rhonite Ca266O20, Serendibite Ca266O20, Welshite Ca4Mg9Sb3O4
- * Surinamite 3Al4BeSi3O16, Mills et al.
Pyroxene supergroup
- Orthopyroxene group
- * Donpeacorite Mg2, Enstatite MgSiO3, Ferrosilite, FeSiO3
- Clinopyroxene group
- * Aegirine NaFe3+Si2O6, Augite , Clinoenstatite MgSiO3, Clinoferrosilite Fe2+SiO3, Diopside CaMg, Esseneite CaFe3+, Grossmanite CaTi3+AlSiO6, Hedenbergite CaFe2+, Jadeite Na, Jervisite , Johannsenite CaMn2+, Kanoite Mn2+, Kosmochlor NaCr, Kushiroite CaAl, Namansilite NaMn3+, Natalyite Na, Petedunnite Ca, Pigeonite Si2O6, Spodumene LiAlSi2O6
Multiple chain inosilicates
Amphibole supergroup
- w-dominant amphibole: calcic subgroup
- * Cannilloite root name: fluoro-cannilloite CaCa2Mg4AlO222
- * Edenite root name: edenite Na, ferro-edenite , fluoro-edenite Na
- * Hastingsite root name: hastingsite , magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite Ca258O22F2, magnesio-hastingsite Na, potassic-fluoro-hastingsite KCa2S58O22F2, potassic-chloro-hastingsite KCa2O22Cl2, potassic-magnesio-hastingsite Ca258O222
- * Joesmithite PbCa25Si6Be2O222
- * Magnesio-hornblende root name: ferro-hornblende , magnesio-hornblende
- * Pargasite root name: chromio-pargasite, ferro-pargasite , fluoro-pargasite NaCa25F2, pargasite , potassic-chloro-pargasite KCa2S8O22Cl2, potassic-ferro-pargasite KCa2Si6Al2O222, potassic-fluoro-pargasite, potassic-pargasite
- * Sadanagaite root name: potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite , potassic-ferro-sadanagaite KCa2Fe2+32O222, potassic-sadanagaite Ca25, sadanagaite
- * Tremolite-actinolite root name: actinolite Ca252, ferro-actinolite , tremolite
- * Tschermakite root name: tschermakite
- w-dominant amphibole: lithium subgroup
- * Clino-holmquistite root name: clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite ☐Li22Si8O222
- * Holmquistite root name: ferro-holmquistite ☐Si8O222, holmquistite ☐Si8O222
- * Pedrizite root name: ferri-pedrizite NaLi2Si8O222, ferro-ferri-pedrizite NaLi22Si8O222, ferro-fluoro-pedrizite NaLi2Si8O22F2, fluoro-pedrizite NaLi2Si8O22F2
- w-dominant amphibole: Mg-Fe-Mn subgroup
- *Anthophyllite root name: anthophyllite ☐Mg7Si8O222, ferro-anthophyllite ☐7Si8O222, proto-anthophyllite 7Si8O222, protoferro-anthophyllite 2522, protomangano-ferro-anthophyllite 2522
- * Gedrite root name: ferro-gedrite ☐5Al2Si6Al2O222, gedrite ☐Mg5Al2Si6Al2O222
- * Minerals: cummingtonite ☐Mg7Si8O222, grunerite ☐7Si8O222
- w-dominant amphibole: sodic subgroup
- * Arfvedsonite root name: arfvedsonite NaNa2Si8O222, magnesio-arfvedsonite NaNa2Si8O222, magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite NaNa24Fe3+2, potassic-arfvedsonite KNa24Fe3+Si8O222, potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite KNa2Si8O22F2
- * Eckermannite root name: eckermannite NaNa2Si8O222, mangano-ferri-eckermannite NaNa24Si8O222
- * Glaucophane root name: ferro-glaucophane ☐Na2Si8O222, glaucophane ☐Na2Si8O222
- * Leakeite root name: ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa2Si8O22F2, ferri-leakeite NaSi8O222, ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa22Si8O22F2, fluoro-leakeite NaNa2Si8O22F2, potassic-ferri-leakeite KNa2Mg22LiSi8O222, potassic-leakeite KNa2Si8O222, potassic-mangani-leakeite KNa2Si8O222
- * Nybøite root name: ferro-ferri-nybøite NaNa232O222, fluoro-nybøite NaNa2O222, nybøite NaNa2Si7AlO222
- * Riebeckite root name: fluoro-riebeckite ☐Na2Si8O22F2, magnesio-riebeckite ☐Na2Si8O222, riebeckite ☐Na23Si8O222
- w-dominant amphibole: sodic-calcic subgroup
- * Barroisite root name: barroisite
- * Katophorite root name: ferri-fluoro-katophorite NaO22F2, ferri-katophorite Na2Ca4Fe3+O222, ferro-katophorite NaO222, katophorite NaO222
- * Richterite root name: ferro-richterite Na, fluoro-richterite NaMg5F2, potassic-fluoro-richterite K, richterite Na
- * Taramite root name: ferro-taramite Na, fluoro-taramite Na2CaMg3Al2O22F2, potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite KO222 , potassic-ferro-taramite KO222, taramite Na2CaMg3Al2O222
- * Winchite root name: ferri-winchite 24Fe3+2, ferro-winchite , winchite
- w-dominant amphibole: Na-Mg-Fe-Mn subgroup
- * Ghoseite root name: ferri-ghoseite NaSi8O222
- w-dominant amphibole group
- * Kaersutite root name: ferri-kaersutite NaCa2O22O2, kaersutite NaCa2O23
- * Minerals: mangani-dellaventuraite NaNa2Si8O22O2, mangano-mangani-ungarettiite NaNa22Si8O22O2
Subclass '9.E': phyllosilicates
- :Category:Clay minerals group
- :Category:Medicinal clay
- :Category:Mica group
- :Category:Serpentine group/ Kaolinite-Serpentine group
- :Category:Smectite group/ Montmorillonite group
- Pyrophyllite-Talc group
- Chlorite group: Clinochlore, Nimite, Pennantite, Baileychlore, Cookeite, Donbassite, Gonyerite, Odinite, Sudoite, Orthochamosite
Subclass '9.F': tectosilicates
Tectosilicates without zeolitic H2O
- :Category:Quartz varieties
- :Category:Feldspar|Feldspar family
- :Category:Feldspathoid|Feldspathoid family
- *Sodalite group
- *Helvine group
- * :Category:Cancrinite group
Tectosilicates with zeolitic H2O
- :Category:Zeolites|Category:Zeolite group
- Alflarsenite NaCa2Be3Si4O13•2H2O
- Zeolites with T5O10 Units – The Fibrous Zeolites
- * Natrolite subgroup
- ** Gonnardite 25O10·3H2O, Mesolite Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30·8H2O, Natrolite Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O, Paranatrolite Na2Al2Si3O10·3H2O, Scolecite CaAl2Si3O10·3H2O
- *Tetranatrolite? Na2•2H2O, Thomsonite-Sr 2Na•7H2O, Thomsonite-Ca NaCa2Al5Si5O20•6H2O, Kalborsite K6Al4Si6BO204Cl, Edingtonite BaAl2Si3O10•4H2O
- Chains of single connected 4-membered rings
- * Ammonioleucite AlSi2O6, Leucite KAlSi2O6, Analcime NaAlSi2O6•H2O, Hsianghualite Ca3Li2Be33F2, Lithosite K6Al4Si8O25•H2O, Pollucite 2Al2Si4O12•H2O, Wairakite CaAl2Si4O12•2H2O, Laumontite CaAl2Si4O12•4H2O, Yugawaralite CaAl2Si6O16•4H2O, Roggianite Ca2•2.5H2O, Goosecreekite CaAl2Si6O16•5H2O, Montesommaite 9Al9Si23O64•10H2O, Partheite Ca2Al4Si4O152•4H2O
- Chains of doubly connected 4-membered rings
- * Amicite K2Na2Al4Si4O16•5H2O, Garronite Na2Ca5Al12Si20O64•27H2O, Gobbinsite 2K2Al6Si10O32•12H2O, Gismondine Ca2Al4Si4O16•9H2O, Harmotome 8O16•6H2O, Phillipsite-Na 8O16•6H2O, Phillipsite-Ca 8O16•6H2O, Phillipsite-K 8O16•6H2O, Merlinoite 7Si23Al9O64•23H2O, Mazzite-Mg K2CaMg236O72•28H2O, Mazzite-Na Na8Al8Si28O72•30H2O, Perlialite K8Tl4Al12Si24O72•20H2O, Boggsite NaCa2•17H2O, Paulingite-Ca 5•34H2O, Paulingite-K 5Al10Si35O90•45H2O, Paulingite-Na 5Al10Si35O90•45H2O
- Chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolites
- * Gmelinite-Ca Al2Si4O12•6H2O, Gmelinite-K 6•22H2O, Gmelinite-Na Al2Si4O12•6H2O, Chabazite-K •6H2O, Chabazite-Ca 4•12H2O, Chabazite-Na •6H2O, Chabazite-Sr •6H2O, Herschelite? AlSi2O6•3H2O, Willhendersonite KCaAl3Si3O12•5H2O, Levyne-Ca Al2Si4O12•6H2O, Levyne-Na Al2Si4O12•6H2O, Bellbergite 2Sr2Ca24Al18Si18O72•30H2O, Erionite-Ca 2•15H2O, Erionite-K 2•15H2O, Erionite-Na 2•15H2O, Wenkite Ba4Ca620O3923•nH2O, Offretite 2.5Al5Si13O36•15H2O, Faujasite-Ca 3.5•32H2O, Faujasite-Mg 3.5•32H2O, Faujasite-Na 3.5•32H2O, Maricopaite Pb7Ca248O100•32H2O, Mordenite Al2Si10O24•7H2O, Dachiardite-Ca 5Al10Si38O96•25H2O, Dachiardite-Na 4Al4Si20O48•13H2O, Epistilbite CaAl2Si6O16•5H2O, Ferrierite-K 2Mg18O36•9H2O, Ferrierite-Mg 2Mg18O36•9H2O, Ferrierite-Na 2Mg18O36•9H2O, Bikitaite Li2•2H2O
- Chains of T10O20 Tetrahedra
- * Clinoptilolite-Na Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Clinoptilolite-K Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Clinoptilolite-Ca Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Heulandite-Ba 5Al9Si27O72•22H2O, Heulandite-Ca Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Heulandite-K Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Heulandite-Na Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Heulandite-Sr Al32Si13O36•12H2O, Stilbite-Ca NaCa4•H2O, Stilbite-Na Na3Ca3•H2O, Barrerite 2Al2Si7O18•6H2O, Stellerite CaAl2Si7O18•7H2O, Brewsterite-Ba Al2Si6O16•5H2O, Brewsterite-Sr Al4Si12O32•10H2O
- Other Rare Zeolites
- * Terranovaite 8O160•29H2O, Gottardiite Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272•93H2O, Lovdarite K2Na6Be4Si14O36•9H2O, Gaultite Na4Zn2Si7O18•5H2O, Chiavennite CaMnBe2Si5O132•2H2O, Tschernichite O16•H2O, Mutinaite Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192•60H2O, Tschortnerite Ca43Cu38•H2O,, Thornasite Na12Th34•18H2O, Direnzoite NaK6MgCa2•36H2O
- Unclassified zeolites
- * Cowlesite CaAl2Si3O10•H2O, Mountainite 2Si4O10•3H2O
Subclass: Germanates