Cabinet of Prince Qing


The Cabinet of Prince Qing was the first cabinet of the Qing dynasty and of China, formed as part of the Qing state's reforms to create a constitutional monarchy in the early 20th century. It was active from 8 May to 1 November 1911, led by the Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet, Yikuang. It initially consisted of thirteen members, of which nine were Manchus while only four were Han Chinese. As a result, it remained unpopular among the people and was nicknamed the "Princes' Cabinet" or "Imperial Family Cabinet" by its critics.

History

The Imperial Cabinet was formed as a result of the constitutional reforms, the New Policies, being enacted in China in the early 20th century. It replaced the Grand Council, although it was unpopular and was described as "the old Grand Council under the name of a cabinet, autocracy under the name of constitutionalism."
Members of the provisional assemblies, which were formed in 1908–09, protested against the formation of this cabinet. On 12 May, the Federation of Provincial Assemblies declared that imperial princes should not serve as premiers and that the Princes' Cabinet is not compatible with a constitutional monarchy. On 5 July, over 40 legislators submitted a petition to form a new cabinet. The imperial court responded with an edict which stated that assemblymen should not interfere with the appointment and dismissal of officials.
The Princes' Cabinet was dissolved in November 1911 when Prince Qing resigned and his ally, general Yuan Shikai, was appointed prime minister in his place, establishing the Yuan Cabinet.

Composition

The following is the list of cabinet ministers. Unless otherwise noted, their term began on 8 May and ended on 1 November when the cabinet was dismissed.
OfficeNamePortraitEthnicityNotes
Prime MinisterYikuang, Prince Qing
慶親王 奕劻
Manchu
Minister of the CabinetNatong
那桐
Manchu
Minister of the CabinetXu Shichang
徐世昌
Han Chinese
Minister of Foreign AffairsLiang Dunyan
梁敦彥
Han Chinese
Minister of Internal AffairsShanqi, Prince Su
肅親王 善耆
ManchuAppointed on April 10
Minister of Internal AffairsGuichun
桂春
ManchuActing
Minister of Internal AffairsZhao Bingjun
趙秉鈞
Han ChineseAppointed in early October
Minister of FinanceZaize, Grace Defender Duke
奉恩鎮國公 載澤
Manchu
Minister of EducationTang Jingchong
唐景崇
Han Chinese
Minister of the ArmyYinchang
蔭昌
Manchu
Minister of the NavyZaixun, Prince Rui
瑞郡王 載洵
Manchu
Minister of JusticeGioro Shaochang
覺羅紹昌
Manchu
Minister of Agriculture, Industry, and CommercePulun, Beile-ranked beise
貝子加貝勒銜 溥倫
Manchu
Minister of Mail and CommunicationsSheng Xuanhuai
盛宣懷
Han Chinese
Minister of Mail and CommunicationsTang Shaoyi
唐紹儀
Han ChineseAppointed on September 5
Minister of the Lifan YuanShouqi
壽耆
Manchu
Minister of the Lifan YuanShanqi, Prince Su
肅親王 善耆
ManchuAppointed on June 21