Barychelidae
Barychelidae, also known as brushed trapdoor spiders, is a spider family with about 300 species in 39 genera.
Behaviour
Most spiders in this family build trapdoor burrows. For example, the long Sipalolasma builds its burrow in rotted wood, with a hinged trapdoor at each end. The long Idioctis builds its burrow approximately deep, just below the high tide level, sealing the opening with a thin trapdoor.
Some species avoid flooding by plugging their burrows, while others can avoid drowning by trapping air bubbles within the hairs covering their bodies. Some members of this group have a rake on the front surface of their chelicerae used for compacting burrow walls. These spiders can run up glass like tarantulas, and some can stridulate, though it isn't audible to humans.
Distribution
Barychelids are found in Australia, New Caledonia, South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, New Guinea, and Pacific islands.
Genera
, this family includes 39 genera and 294 species:Adelonychia Walsh, 1890 – India, Sri LankaAmmonius Thorell, 1899 – Cameroon, Ivory CoastAtrophothele Reginald [Innes Pocock|Pocock], 1903 – YemenAurecocrypta Raven, 1994 – AustraliaBarycheloides Raven, 1994 – New CaledoniaBarychelus Simon, 1889 – New CaledoniaCosmopelma Simon, 1889 – BrazilCyphonisia Simon, 1889 – AfricaEncyocrypta Simon, 1889 – New CaledoniaEubrachycercus Pocock, 1897 – SomaliaFijocrypta Raven, 1994 – FijiIdioctis L. Koch, 1874 – Madagascar, Mayotte, Seychelles, Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, Samoa, Caroline IslandsIdiommata Ausserer, 1871 – AustraliaIdiophthalma O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877 – South AmericaMandjelia Raven, 1994 – Australia, New CaledoniaMonodontium Kulczyński, 1908 – Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, New Guinea, Papua New GuineaMoruga Raven, 1994 – AustraliaNatgeogia Raven, 1994 – New CaledoniaNeodiplothele Mello-Leitão, 1917 – BrazilNihoa Raven & Churchill, 1992 – Hawaii, Melanesia, Palau IslandsOrstom Raven, 1994 – New CaledoniaOzicrypta Raven, 1994 – AustraliaParacenobiopelma Feio, 1952 – Brazil, EcuadorPisenor Simon, 1889 – AfricaPlagiobothrus Karsch, 1892 – Sri LankaQuestocrypta Raven, 1994 – New CaledoniaRhianodes Raven, 1985 – Malaysia, Philippines, SingaporeSason Simon, 1887 – Seychelles, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, Australia, Caroline Islands, Mariana IslandsSasonichus Pocock, 1900 – IndiaSeqocrypta Raven, 1994 – AustraliaSipalolasma Simon, 1892 – Democratic [Republic of the Congo], Ethiopia, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Sri LankaStrophaeus Ausserer, 1875 – Panama, South AmericaSynothele Simon, 1908 – AustraliaTigidia Simon, 1892 – Madagascar, Mauritius, IndiaTrittame L. Koch, 1874 – AustraliaTroglothele Fage, 1929 – CubaTungari Raven, 1994 – AustraliaZophorame Raven, 1990 – AustraliaZophoryctes Simon, 1902 – Madagascar