Symphyotrichum dumosum
Symphyotrichum dumosum is a species of flowering plant of the family Asteraceae commonly known as rice button aster and bushy aster. It is native to much of eastern and central North America, as well as Haiti and Dominican Republic. It is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach a height of.
Description
Symphyotrichum dumosum is a perennial, herbaceous plant that grows up to high.Flowers
Symphyotrichum dumosum is a late-summer and fall blooming perennial, with flower heads opening August–October. The flower heads are about diameter when in bloom and grow in open and much-branched paniculiform arrays. Each has many tiny florets put together into what appear as one.Involucres and phyllaries
On the outside the flower heads of all members of the family Asteraceae are small bracts that look like scales. These are called phyllaries, and together they form the involucre that protects the individual flowers in the head before they open. The involucres of Symphyotrichum dumosum are cylinder-bell in shape and usually long.The phyllaries are appressed or slightly spreading. The shape of the outer phyllaries is oblong-oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, and the innermost phyllaries are linear. They are in strongly unequal rows, meaning they are very staggered and do not end at the same point, and they are hairless.
Florets
The 15–33 ray florets are blue, pink, purple, or white, with a length averaging and width of. Ray florets in the Symphyotrichum genus are exclusively female, each having a pistil but no stamen; thus, ray florets accept pollen and each can develop a seed, but they produce no pollen.The 15–30 disk florets start out as pale yellow and turn pink with age. They are in the shape of a narrow funnel and are shallow at in depth. The disk florets are each made up of, collectively a corolla, which open into 5 lanceolate lobes comprising less than of the depth of the floret. Disk florets in the Symphyotrichum genus are bisexual, each with both male and female reproductive parts; thus, a disk floret produces pollen and can develop a seed.
Chromosomes
Symphyotrichum dumosum has a chromosome number of x = 8. Diploid and tetraploid cytotypes with respective chromosome counts of 16 and 32 have been reported.Taxonomy
This species was long known as Aster dumosus before it was moved into its current genus due to a phylogenetic analysis performed by American botanist Guy L. Nesom. The genus Aster has been narrowed considerably in scope in recent years, due to new information about the relationships of the species in the group.Symphyotrichum dumosum is classified in the subgenus Symphyotrichum, section Symphyotrichum, subsection Dumosi. It is one of the "bushy asters and relatives." The specific epithet dumosum is Latin neuter case of dumosus and means "full of thornbushes" and "bushy".
Infraspecies
Although the following infraspecies are no longer accepted varieties according to Catalogue of Life, Plants of the World Online, and World Flora Online, they were accepted as of 2021 by USDA PLANTS Database, NatureServe, and Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The autonym is Symphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum.- Symphyotrichum dumosum var. gracilipes
- Symphyotrichum dumosum var. pergracile
- Symphyotrichum dumosum var. strictior
- Symphyotrichum dumosum var. ''subulifolium''
Distribution and habitat
Distribution
Symphyotrichum dumosum has a recorded native presence in the wild in the Canadian province of Ontario, and in the United States in all states east of the Mississippi River except Vermont, as well as west of the Mississippi River in Iowa, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. It is also native on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola.It is an introduced species in New Brunswick, and in the countries of Belgium, France, Great Britain, Poland, Romania, and Switzerland. It is not on the European Union's List of invasive alien species of Union concern.