4-Fluoroephedrine


4-Fluoroephedrine is a "novel psychoactive substance" and substituted β-hydroxyamphetamine derivative related to ephedrine.

Pharmacology

Similarly to other amphetamines, 4-fluoroephedrine acts as a monoamine reuptake inhibitor and monoamine releasing agent. It specifically acts as a selective norepinephrine releasing agent. In contrast to many other amphetamines, but similarly to most cathinones, 4-fluoroephedrine lacks affinity for the human trace amine-associated receptor 1.

Chemistry

4-Fluoroephedrine, also known as 4-fluoro-β-hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine, is a substituted phenethylamine, amphetamine, and β-hydroxyamphetamine derivative. It is the 4-fluoro analogue of ephedrine.
The synthesis of 4-fluoroephedrine has been described.
It can serve as a precursor in the synthesis of 4-fluoromethamphetamine.
The predicted log P of 4-fluoroephedrine is 1.0. For comparison, the predicted log P of ephedrine is 0.9.

History

4-Fluoroephedrine was first described in the scientific literature by 1991. The next mention of it in the literature was in 2013, when it was identified as a "novel psychoactive substance". The pharmacology of 4-fluoroephedrine was characterized in 2015.

Other drugs

4-Fluoroephedrine is known to be a metabolite of 4-fluoromethcathinone.