1854 in architecture

Buildings and structures

Buildings completed

• Pena National Palace in Sintra, Portugal, designed by Baron Wilhelm Ludwig von Eschwege.
• Church of St. Walburge, Preston, Lancashire, England, designed by Joseph Hansom.
• St George's Hall, Liverpool, England, completed by Charles Robert Cockerell to the design of Harvey Lonsdale Elmes.
• The Kościuszko Mound in Kraków, Poland, erected in commemoration of Tadeusz Kościuszko, a national hero in Poland, Lithuania, Belarus and the United States.
• The Wellington Monument, overlooking Wellington, Somerset, England, erected to celebrate the Duke of Wellington's victory at the Battle of Waterloo, completed by Henry Goodridge to the design of Thomas Lee (1794–1834).
• The Semper Gallery in Dresden, Germany, designed by Gottfried Semper.

Awards

• RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Philip Hardwick
• Grand Prix de Rome, architecture – Joseph Auguste Émile Vaudremer.

Publications

• Eugène Viollet-le-Duc begins publication of ''Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XIe au XVe siècle''

Births

• February 2 – Emily Elizabeth Holman, American architect
• April 18 – Ludwig Levy, German Jewish historicist architect
• July 31 – George Franklin Barber, American architect, best known for his residential designs sold by mail order
• September 20 – Ruggero Berlam, Italian architect
• October 2 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish urban theorist
• November – Edward Hudson, English architectural publisher and patron
• November 22 – Frank Matcham, English theatre architect

Deaths

• March 3 – James Blackburn, English-born civil engineer, surveyor and architect, best known for his work in Australia