1743 in science
The year 1743 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
- November 29 – Discovery of C/1743 X1, the 'Great Comet of 1744' , by Jan de Munck at Middelburg and subsequently by de Chéseaux and Klinkenberg.
Geology
- Sir Christopher Packe produces a geological map of south-east England.
Metrology
- May 19 – French physicist Jean-Pierre Christin of Lyon publishes the design of a mercury thermometer with a centigrade scale running from 0 representing the freezing point of water and 100 its boiling point.
Physiology and medicine
- June 2 – British surgeon William Hunter presents his paper "Of the structure and diseases of articulating cartilages".
Awards
Births
- February 13 – Joseph Banks, English botanist
- February 28 – René Just Haüy, French mineralogist
- April 13 – Thomas Jefferson, Founding Father and 3rd President of the United States and inventor
- June 3 – Lucia Galeazzi Galvani, Italian scientist
- August 17 – Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann, German geographer and zoologist
- August 26 – Antoine Lavoisier, French chemist
- September 17 – Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician, philosopher and political scientist
- October 20 – François Chopart, French surgeon
- November 11 – Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish botanist
- December 1 – Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist
- Elisabeth Christina von Linné, Swedish botanist