1,3-Propanediol
1,3-Propanediol is the organic compound with the formula. This 3-carbon diol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water.
Products
It is mainly used as a building block in the production of polymers such as polytrimethylene terephthalate.1,3-Propanediol can be formulated into a variety of industrial products including composites, adhesives, laminates, coatings, moldings, aliphatic polyesters, and copolyesters. It is also a common solvent. It is used as an antifreeze and as a component in wood paint.
Production
1,3-Propanediol is mainly produced by the hydration of acrolein. An alternative route involves the hydroformylation of ethylene oxide to form 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde. The aldehyde is subsequently hydrogenated to give 1,3-propanediol. Biotechnological routes are also known.Two other routes involve bioprocessing by certain micro-organisms:
- Conversion from glucose effected by a genetically modified strain of E. coli by DuPont [Tate & Lyle BioProducts]. An estimated 120,000 tons were produced in 2007". According to DuPont, the Bio-PDO process uses 40% less energy than conventional processes, Because of DuPont and Tate & Lyle's success in developing a renewable Bio-PDO process, the American Chemical Society awarded the Bio-PDO research teams the "2007 Heroes of Chemistry" award.
- Conversion from glycerol using Clostridium diolis bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae.