1003
Year 1003 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- February 9 - Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Duke Bolesław I of Poland. The following months, Boleslaus' brothers Jaromír and Oldřich flee to Germany and place themselves under the protection of King Henry II, [Holy Roman Emperor|Henry II], while Boleslaus orders the massacre of his Bohemian leading nobles at Vyšehrad.
- German–Polish War: Bolesław I annexes Bohemia and parts of Moravia. German nobles under Henry of Schweinfurt revolt against Henry II.
- Count Oliba Ripoll. Oliba takes up the Benedictine habit at the Monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll.
- King Robert II invades Burgundy, but fails. After this fiasco Robert repudiates his second wife, Bertha of Burgundy, and marries Constance of Arles who becomes queen consort of France in [the Middle Ages|France].
- King Rudolph III of Burgundy invests Humbert I with the domains of the Duchy of Aosta. He becomes the first count of the House of Savoy.
- King Stephen I of Hungary invades Transylvania and establishes the Diocese of Transylvania.
- Battle of Albesa: Muslim forces of the Caliphate of Cordoba defeat the northern Christian armies of León, Pamplona and Castile.
England
- King Sweyn I lands with a Danish Viking fleet in East Anglia, ravaging the countryside. Northumbria surrenders to him.
Asia
- Emperor Sheng Zong of the Khitan-led Liao Dynasty leads an expedition into Mongolia and subdues the Zubu tribe who are forced to pay an annual tribute.
- Emperor Lê Hoàn of the Anterior Lê dynasty ordered the excavation of the Đa Cái Canal and quelled the rebellions of the Đa Cái people.
By topic
Art
- Construction of the Brihadisvara Temple in Tamil Nadu, during the Chola Dynasty.
Religion
- May 12 - Pope Sylvester II dies after a 4-year pontificate. He is succeeded by John XVII as the 140th pope of the Catholic Church.
- November 6 - John XVII dies after a pontificate of about 7 months and is buried in the Lateran Basilica at Rome.
- Heribert, archbishop of Cologne, founds Deutz Abbey at Deutz.
Births
- Amatus, bishop of Roman [Catholic Diocese of Nusco|Nusco]
- Conrad II, duke of Carinthia
- Edward the Confessor, king of England
- Frederick, duke of Lower Lorraine
- France, Countess of Nevers|Hedwig], French princess
- Herleva, Norman noblewoman
- Ibn Hayyus, Syrian poet and panegyrist
- Ibn Zaydún, Andalusian poet and writer
- Jing Zong, Chinese emperor of Western Xia
- Liudolf of Brunswick, margrave of Frisia
- Musharrif al-Dawla, Buyid emir of Iraq
Deaths
- January 19 - Kilian of Cologne, Irish abbot
- January 25 - Lothair I, margrave of the Nordmark
- May 4 - Herman II, duke of Swabia
- May 12 - Sylvester II, pope of the Catholic Church
- July 11 - Al-Mansur al-Qasim al-Iyyani, Zaidi imam
- August 3 - At-Ta'i, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad
- November 6 - John XVII, pope of the Catholic Church
- December 24 - William II, German nobleman
- December 27 - Emma of Blois, duchess of Aquitaine
- Athanasius the Athonite, Byzantine monk
- Brian mac Maelruanaidh, king of Maigh Seóla
- Didda, queen consort and regent of Kashmir
- Erik the Red, Norse Viking explorer
- Flannchad ua Ruaidíne, abbot of Clonmacnoise
- Gregory of Narek, Armenian theologian
- Gurgen IV, king of Vaspurakan
- Ibrahim ibn Baks, Buyid scholar and physician
- Philotheos of Alexandria|Philotheos], patriarch of Alexandria
- Rozala, French queen and countess of Flanders
- Vladivoj, duke of Bohemia