Xanthoparmelia lividica
Xanthoparmelia lividica is a species of saxicolous, foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Southern Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 1986 by the American lichenologist Mason Hale. The type specimen was collected from the Table Mountain sandstone ledges in Fynbos vegetation, in the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve in Cape Province.
Description
The lichen, which is very tightly attached to its rock, is yellow-green at its margins but darkens to nearly black in the center, and measures in diameter. Hale describes it as a "tiny lichen... barely discernible on the surface of coarse sandstone ledges", and suggests that its, which are 0.1–0.2 mm wide, are perhaps the smallest of the many Xanthoparmelia species.It contains three secondary metabolites : lividic acid, colensoid acid, and usnic acid.