Upton Castle
Upton Castle is a 13th-century castle
with an associated chapel, located near Cosheston, Pembrokeshire in Wales. Although in private ownership, the gardens are open to the public. They are listed on the Cadw/ICOMOS [Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales].
History
The early history of Upton Castle is shrouded in mystery. Originally known as Ucceton, Ockendon, Octon, Oucheton or Openton the castle was built on a site of early Celtic Christian worship; the Christian burials in the area surrounding the Chapel are radio carbon dated by Time Team to 1010-1160. Time Team discovered evidence of an Apse, a typical feature of Norman Romanesque churches built in 12 th century. By 1188, the existence of chapel at Upton is noted by Gerald of Wales in his book. The castle was part of the chain of defensive structures built to impose Norman control over the fertile and strategically important area of South Pembrokeshire it stands close to a creek of the River Cleddau. The first known owners were the Norman Malefant family, in whose hands the castle remained until the 15th century when it passed by marriage to a line that assumed the name Bowen.In December 1789, the castle was bought for £7,000 by John Tasker Esq, a bachelor of the East India
Company, Master Attendant of the Port of Bombay, who possibly built the walled garden. A wealthy man
involved in mercantile activities, Tasker lent John Cambell of Stackpole Court, £10,000 by way of a mortgage in
1791. In 1800, upon the death of John Tasker, the estate devolved on his three nieces and eventually settled on Maria, a grand-niece who married firstly the Rev.Thomas Woods and, secondly, the Rev. William Evan, of Hook Norton. In 1811 Nicholas Carlisle described the building as "now in ruins". Between 1828 and 1860 there were considerable alterations to the building, including the insertion of a new door and the construction of two west facing towers.
In 1867, Sir Henry Halford Vaughan British historian and Regius professor of History at Oxford moved to Upton
Castle, as tenant, with his wife Adeline Vaughn, aunt of Vanessa Bell and Virginia Woolf. While staying in Pembrokeshire, Virginia Woolf is rumored to have visited her aunt at Upton Castle, though there’s no written evidence. In January 1883 there was a fire at the castle, attended by a fire crew from the 23rd Regiment, Royal Welsh Fusiliers. The damage was confined to timbers, walls and chimney-piece.
In 1927, Upton Castle was sold, for the second time in its history, to Stanley Neale, a ship owner from Cardiff who undertook the
landscaping of the terraces and planting of the arboretum.
Management of the gardens, which had been substantially improved in the early 20th century, was taken over by the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park and opened to the public in 1976. However, the park authority later withdrew their funding and since the property changed hands in 2007, the new owners and a team of volunteers have restored and reopened the gardens. In the summer of 2012, the castle was investigated by a team of archaeologists from the Channel 4 television series Time Team, which confirmed that the chapel pre-dated the castle.