Yujiulü Shelun
Yujiulü Shelun or Qiudoufa Khagan was khagan of the Rouran from 402 to 410.
Early years
After his brother Heduohan was defeated and killed by the Northern Wei general Zhangsun Fei, Shelun fled to west in 394, breaking ties with Wei. He found refuge with his uncle Yujiulü Pihouba and cousins. However, they were unhappy about his growing power, which forced Shelun to quickly gather his supporters and capture the sons of Pihouba. Soon, Shelun killed Pihouba, and his sons fled to Wei. Shelun, afraid of the empire seeking revenge, migrated north through the Gobi, uniting nomadic tribes on his way.Reign
Shelun led retaliatory raids against Northern Wei, but suffered a serious defeat in 399 and was forced to flee westward. There he subjugated the Hulu tribe and with an aid of a Hulu called Chiluohou he defeated the Tiele, then declared himself khagan. Shelun was the first major leader of the steppes to adopt the title of Qiudoufa Khagan which was originally a title used by Xianbei nobles. He reorganized military-administrative system, modeling it after the Xiongnu, divided the army into hundreds and thousands.In order to strengthen his position, he allied Yao Xing, emperor of the Later Qin. He aided the Later Qin against Emperor Daowu of Northern Wei in 403. On one occasion, the horses sent as tribute to Qin were seized by Helian Bobo in 407. He continued to raid the Northern Wei in 407 and 409. In one of these battles in 410, Emperor Mingyuan sent one of his advisors, Baba Song, Duke of Nanping to attack the Rouran, and when Baba was surrounded by Shelun's troops, Emperor Mingyuan personally led an army to relieve Baba. Shelun died of his wounds in May 410 and was succeeded by his brother Yujiulü Hulü, because his sons Duba and Sheba were still young.