Timeline of Milan

BC era

• 400 BCE - Founded by the Celts under the name Medhelanon.
• 222 BCE - Medhelanon was conquered by the ancient Romans, who Latinized the name of the city into Mediolanum.
• 49 BCE - Mediolanum becomes municipium.

3rd–8th centuries

• 3rd C. CE - Roman Catholic diocese of Milan established.
• 286 CE - Western Roman Empire capital moves from Rome to Mediolanum.
• 313 - Edict of Milan.
• 370 - Basilica of San Lorenzo consecrated.
• 379 - Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio consecrated.
• 382 - San Nazaro in Brolo construction begins.
• 402 - City besieged by Visigoths.
• 452 - City besieged by Huns.
• 539 - City sacked by Ostrogoths.
• 569 - Lombards conquer city.
• 774 - Milan surrenders to the Franks.
• 833 - San Vincenzo in Prato built.
• 899 - Hunnish invasion

11th century

• 1045 - Milan adopts the commune form of local city-state government.

12th–14th centuries

• 1135 - Chiaravalle Abbey founded.
• 1157 - Circular moat,, constructed round the town.
• 1158 - Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa besieges and sacks the city, but it soon rebels.
• 1162 - Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa seizes and destroys the city.
• 1183 - After the Peace of Constance Milan returns to the commune form of government.
• 13th C. - Palazzo Borromeo (Milan) established.
• 1233 - Palazzo della Ragione built.
• 1237 - After the Battle of Cortenuova Pagano della Torre rallied and saved Milan.
• 1259 - Milan is ruled as a Signoria with the Della Torre family ruling as Signores.
• 1277
• * The Battle of Desio is fought between the Della Torre and Visconti families for the control of Milan.
• * The Visconti of Milan emerges as the victors at Desio and begin their rule of Milan as the Signores.
• 1302 - Guido della Torre deposes Matteo I Visconti as the Signore.
• 1311 - Henry VII restores Matteo I Visconti as the Signore.
• 1321 - Loggia degli Osii built, with two open porticos in black and white marble.
• 1330
• * Piazza del Duomo, Milan work begins.
• * San Gottardo, Milan work begins.
• 1336 - Public clock installed.
• 1360 - Castello Sforzesco construction begun.
• 1381 - Chiesa di Santa Maria alla Scala built.
• 1386 - Milan Cathedral begins construction.
• 1395 - Milan is formally elevated to a Duchy when Wenceslaus IV titles Gian Galeazzo Visconti the Duke of Milan.

15th–16th centuries

• 1412 - Gian Maria Visconti assassinated in front of the San Gottardo, Milan.
• 1447
• * The death of Filippo Maria Visconti ends more than two centuries of Visconti rule in Milan.
• * The Golden Ambrosian Republic begins.
• 1450 - The House of Sforza takes power.
• 1456 - Ospedale Maggiore begins construction.
• 1463 - Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan begun.
• 1471 - Printing press in operation.
• 1482 - Santa Maria delle Grazie built.
• 1493 - Santa Maria presso San Celso begins construction.
• 1496 - Chiesa di Santa Maria della Passione built.
• 1497 - Apicius de re Coquinaria cookbook published.
• 1498 - Leonardo paints The Last Supper in the Santa Maria delle Grazie church.
• 1508 - Santa Maria alla Fontana built.
• 1515 - Battle of Marignano and Francis I of France takes Milan.
• 1522 - Francesco II Sforza in power.
• 1535 - City becomes part of Habsburg Spain.
• 1562 - Palazzo dei Giureconsulti begins construction.
• 1565 - Casa degli Omenoni built.
• 1577 - Milan Cathedral consecrated by Charles Borromeo, cardinal saint.
• 1579 - San Fedele built.
• 1580 - Plague.

17th century

• 1608 - Palazzo del Senato construction begins.
• 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens.
• 1618 - Pinacoteca Ambrosiana opens.
• 1630 - Plague begins.
• 1631 - Palazzo Annoni construction begins.
• 1640 - The gazette named Milano was published for the first time.
• 1644 - Palazzo delle Scuole Palatine rebuilt.

18th century

• 1717 - Teatro Regio Ducale built.
• 1761 - Palazzo Litta built.
• 1762 - Madonnina (statue) erected.
• 1772 - Royal Palace of Milan renovated.
• 1774 - Orto Botanico di Brera established.
• 1776 - Brera Academy founded.
• 1778
• * La Scala inaugurated.
• * Royal Palace of Milan expanded.
• 1779 - Teatro Lirico built.
• 1784 - Giardini Pubblici Indro Montanelli established.
• 1785 - The newspaper Il Corriere di Gabinetto - Gazzetta di Milano was published for the first time.
• 1786
• * Biblioteca di Brera opens.
• * Archivio di Stato di Milano established.
• 1793 - Palazzo Serbelloni built.
• 1796 - Milan declared capital of Cisalpine Republic.
• 1797 - 1st Grenadier Battalion and 2nd Rifle Battalion of the Polish Legions founded in Milan.

19th century

• 1802 - Milan becomes capital of the Napoleonic Italian Republic.
• 1805 - Coronation of Napoleon as King of Italy.
• 1807
• * Milan Conservatory established.
• * Arena Civica opened.
• 1808
• * Milan Stock Exchange established.
• * Casa Ricordi music publisher in business.
• 1817 - Caffè Cova in business on Via Monte Napoleone.
• 1820 - Revolutionary Carbonari arrested.
• 1824 - Pasticceria Marchesi in business.
• 1838 - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano founded.
• 1840 - Milan-Monza railway begins operating.
• 1842 - Premiere of Verdi's opera Nabucco.
• 1848 - Five Days uprising against Austrian Empire.
• 1853 - abortive Milan Uprising against Austrian rule.
• 1860
• * Campari in business.
• * Antonio Beretta becomes mayor.
• 1861
• * Milan becomes part of Kingdom of Italy.
• * City hall opens in Palazzo Marino.
• 1863 - Istituto Tecnico Superiore founded.
• 1864 - opens at.
• 1866 - Cimitero Monumentale di Milano opened.
• 1870 - Hoepli publisher in business.
• 1871 - Population: 261,976.
• 1872
• * Pirelli company founded.
• * Ca' de Sass built.
• * Teatro Dal Verme opens.
• 1873 - Società Storica Lombarda founded.
• 1876
• * Corriere della Sera newspaper begins publication.
• * Trams begin operating.
• 1877 - Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II built.
• 1879
• * Milano Affori railway station and Milano Bovisa-Politecnico railway station open.
• * "Società d'Esplorazione Commerciale in Africa" founded.
• 1881 - Population: 321,839.
• 1883 - Salumi in business.
• 1886
• * Breda manufactory in business.
• * German School of Milan founded.
• * Piazza della Scala established.
• 1888
• * Parco Sempione established.
• * Via Dante constructed.
• 1891 - Camera del Lavoro and founded.
• 1894 - Touring Club Italiano established.
• 1896
• * Casa di Riposo per Musicisti founded.
• * Italo Pacchioni creates "first Italian film" Arrivo del treno alla Stazione di Milano.
• 1897 - Population: 470,558.
• 1898 - Bava-Beccaris massacre.
• 1899
• * Milan Football and Cricket Club founded.
• * Parini statue erected in Piazza Cordusio.

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1902 - Bocconi University founded.
• 1903 - Palazzo Castiglioni built.
• 1906
• * Confederazione Generale del Lavoro headquartered in Milan.
• * Milan International (1906) world's fair held
• * Simplon Tunnel opens.
• * Casa Campanini built.
• * Population: 560,613.
• 1907 - in business.
• 1908 - Internazionale Milano football club founded.
• 1909 - Malpensa Airport established.
• 1911 - in business.
• 1912 - Messina tram depot built.
• 1915
• * Castello Cova built.
• * American Chamber of Commerce established.
• 1917
• * Galleria Pesaro opens.
• * La Rinascente in business.
• 1919
• * March: Fascio di Combattimento political group founded.
• * August: Honorary Consulate of Poland opened, later elevated to Consulate-General.
• 1921
• * Milan Sample Fair begins.
• * Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore established.
• 1922 - Novecento Italiano art movement active.
• 1924 - University of Milan founded.
• 1926 - Stadio San Siro opens.
• 1927 - A. Rizzoli & Co. founded.
• 1930 - Planetario di Milano inaugurated.
• 1931 - Milano Centrale railway station opens.
• 1932 - Palazzo Mezzanotte built.
• 1933
• * Trolleybuses begin operating.
• * Torre Branca built in Parco Sempione.
• 1934 - Institute for International Political Studies founded.
• 1935 - Villa Necchi Campiglio built.
• 1937 - Linate Airport opens.
• 1939
• * A.C. Milan football club active.
• * Anteo Spazio Cinema opens.
• 1942 - opens.
• 1945 - 29 April: Corpse of executed Mussolini brought to Piazzale Loreto.
• 1947 - Piccolo Teatro founded.

1950s–1990s

• 1954 - Padiglione d'Arte Contemporanea inaugurated.
• 1955
• * FrancoAngeli publisher in business.
• * Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea founded.
• 1956 - Palazzo dell'Arengario built.
• 1958 - Milan Fashion Week begins.
• 1960 - Cinema Ambasciatori opens.
• 1961 - Milan Furniture Fair begins.
• 1962 - Amica fashion magazine in publication.
• 1964 - Milan Metro begins operating.
• 1965 - Milan Cathedral final details completed.
• 1968 - IULM University of Milan founded.
• 1969 - Piazza Fontana bombing.
• 1974 - theatre troupe founded.
• 1975 - Armani fashion house founded.
• 1979 - MIP- Politecnico di Milano School of Management formed.
• 1980
• * opens.
• * Parco Alessandrini inaugurated.
• 1982 - Domus Academy established.
• 1985 - Dolce & Gabbana fashion house founded.
• 1986 - Class Editori founded.
• 1987
• * MF Milano Finanza newspaper begins publication.
• * Massimo De Carlo art gallery opens.
• 1990
• * Milan Metro Line 3 begins operating.
• * Parco Agricolo Sud Milano established.
• 1991
• * July: City hosts the final round of the 1991 FIVB Volleyball World League.
• * Viafarini established.
• * 10 Corso Como in business.
• 1994 - July: City hosts the final round of the 1994 FIVB Volleyball World League.
• 1995 - Documentation Center for Visual Arts founded.
• 1996 - Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Trussardi Foundation established.
• 1997 - Milan Passante railway begins operating.
• 1998
• * June: University of Milan Bicocca established.
• * July: City hosts the final round of the 1998 FIVB Volleyball World League.
• 1999 - Malpensa Express begins operating.

21st century

• 2001
• * 23 May: 2001 UEFA Champions League Final held in Milan.
• * 8 October: 2001 Linate Airport runway collision.
• * City website online.
• * O’artoteca founded.
• 2002
• * Orto Botanico di Cascina Rosa established.
• * Teatro degli Arcimboldi opens.
• 2004
• * architects active.
• * Bulgari Hotel in business.
• 2006
• * Lettera27 headquartered in Milan.
• * Letizia Moratti becomes mayor.
• 2008
• * BikeMi launched.
• * Ecopass congestion charge begins.
• 2009
• * Peep Hole and Cardi Black Box art gallery active.
• * Homeless World Cup football contest held.
• 2010 - Population: 1,315,803.
• 2011 - Giuliano Pisapia becomes mayor.
• 2012
• * Portello Park inaugurated.
• * Milan Area C congestion charge begins, replacing Ecopass.
• * Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori high-speed train service begins operating, connecting Milan to Naples via Rome.
• 2013 - Population: 1,262,101 municipality; 3,075,083 province.
• 2015 - 1 May: Expo 2015 world fair opens.
• 2016 - June: Milan municipal election, 2016 held.

Published in the 16th-19th century

• ; with additions by Girolamo Borsieri, Milan: Bidelli.

Published in the 20th century

• +

• 1953-1966
• Luigi Ganapini. Una città in guerra
• Achille Rastelli. Bombe sulla città. Gli attacchi aerei alleati: le vittime civili a Milano

Published in the 21st century

• Francesco Ogliari. Fiamme su Milano: I bombardamenti aerei 1940-1945