Timeline of Baghdad
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Baghdad, Iraq.
- 2000 BCE – Babylonian city of Baghdadu in existence.
- 762 CE
- *Round City construction begins per Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur.
- * Al-Khassakiyya mosque built.
- 767 – Al-Mansur Mosque built.
- 775 – Bab al-Taq built.
- 786 – Harun al-Rashid in power.
- 794 – Paper mill in operation.
- 799 – Mashhad al-Kazimiyya built.
- 812-813 Siege of Baghdad, Fourth Fitna
- 814 – City captured by al-Ma'mun.
- 827 – Tomb of Zobeide built.
- 836 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tasim relocated from Baghdad to Samarra.
- 850 – Book of Ingenious Devices published.
- 855 – Funeral of Ahmad ibn Hanbal.
- 861 – 11 December: Caliph Al-Mutawakkil assassinated.
- 865 – City wall built.
- 865-866 Caliphal Civil War, was an armed conflict during the "Anarchy at Samarra" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz.
- 892 – Abbasid Caliphate of Al-Mu'tamid relocated to Baghdad from Samarra.
- 901 – Jami al-Qasr built.
- 908 – Al-Khulafa Mosque built.
- 946 – Battle of Baghdad; Shia Buyids in power.
- 993 – Dar al-'Ilm founded.
- 1055 – Seljuq Nizam al-Mulk in power.
- 1060 – Dar al-Kutub founded.
- 1066 – Abu Hanifa Mosque restored.
- 1067 – Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad established.
- 1095 – City wall rebuilt.
- 1157 - Siege of Baghdad, Abbasid–Seljuq Wars
- 1180 – Caliph al-Nasir in power.
- 1193 – Jami' Zumurrud Khatun and Turbat Zumurrud Khatun built.
- 1202 – Minaret of Jami' al-Khaffafin built.
- 1215 – Tomb of Maruf el-Kerkhi built.
- 1221 – Bab al-Talsim built.
- 1226 - al-Baghdadi compiles .
- 1228 – Jami' al-Qumriyya Mosque built.
- 1230 – Al-Qasr al-Abbasi fi al-Qal'a built.
- 1232 – Al-Mustansiriya Madrasah established.
- 1252 – Shrine of Abdul-Kadir built.
- 1258 – January–February: City destroyed by forces of Mongol Hulagu Khan during the Siege of Baghdad; most of population killed.
- 1272 – Marco Polo visits city.
- 1326 – Ibn Battuta visits city.
- 1357 – Al-Madrasah al-Mirjaniyya built.
- 1358 – Khan al-Mirjan built.
- 1393 – City captured by Timur.
- 1401 – City captured by Timur again.
- 1405 – Sultan Ahmed Jalayir in power.
- 1417 – City taken by Qara Yusuf.
- 1468 – Aq Qoyunlu in power.
16th–19th centuries
- 1508 - City taken by Persian Ismail I.
- 1534
- *Capture of Baghdad by Ottomans.
- * Mausoleum of Abdul-Qadir al-Gilani built.
- 1535 – City becomes capital of the Baghdad Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire.
- 1544 – City taken by forces of Suleiman I.
- 1578 – Al-Muradiyya Mosque built.
- 1601 – Coffeehouse built.
- 1602 – City taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia.
- 1623 – 23 January: Capture of Baghdad by Safavids.
- 1625 - Siege of Baghdad, Unsuccessful siege of Baghdad by Ottomans
- 1630 - Siege of Baghdad, Second Unsuccessful siege of Baghdad by Ottomans
- 1638 – Capture of Baghdad by forces of Ottoman Murad IV.
- 1682 – Khaseki mosque built.
- 1683 – City besieged.
- 1780 – Mamluk Sulayman Pasha the Great in power.
- 1795 – Mosque-Madrasa of al-Ahmadiyya built.
- 1799 – City besieged by Wahhabi-Saudi forces.
- 1816 – Mamluk Dawud Pasha in power.
- 1823 – Population: 80,000.
- 1826 – Haydar-Khana Mosque constructed in its current form.
- 1830
- *British East Indian Company in residence.
- * Plague.
- 1831 – Flood, then famine.
- 1841 – Lynch Brothers in business.
- 1848 – Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baghdad established.
- 1849 – Remnants discovered of quay of Nebuchadrezzar, from Babylonian city of Baghdadu.
- 1861 – Istanbul-Baghdad telegraph line installed.
- 1865
- * Basrah-Baghdad telegraph line installed.
- *Alliance Israélite boys' school established.
- 1869 – Midhat Pasha in power.
- 1870
- * Municipal council established.
- * City walls demolished.
- 1871 – Population: 65,000.
- 1880 – Turkish camel post begins operating.
- 1895 – Population: 100,000.
- 1899 – Alliance Israélite girls' school established.
20th century
1900s–1940s
- 1908 – Population: 140,000.
- 1909 – Cinema built.
- 1911 – Ottoman XIII Corps headquartered in Baghdad.
- 1912 – Population: 200,000.
- 1914 – October: Samarra-Baghdad railway begins operating.
- 1915
- * Istanbul-Baghdad railway begins operating.
- *Al-Rasheed Street laid out.
- * Cholera epidemic.
- 1917
- * March: Fall of Baghdad (1917); British in power.
- * Cinema opens.
- * Rasheed Street becomes the first to be electrically illuminated in Iraq
- 1919 – Guardians of Independence organized.
- 1920
- * City becomes capital of the British Mandate of Iraq.
- *Iraqi revolt against the British.
- * Maktabat al-Salam established.
- 1926 – Baghdad Antiquities Museum founded.
- 1927 – British Imperial Airways begins operating Cairo-Baghdad-Basra flights.
- 1929 – Al-Maktabatil Aammah active.
- 1931 – Strike.
- 1932 – Third Eastern Women's Congress is held.
- 1936 – Military coup.
- 1940 – Iraqi Music Institute inaugurated.
- 1941 - Iraqi coup d'état in Baghdad, World War II
- 1941
- * May: Anglo-Iraqi War.
- * June: Farhud.
- 1944 – Baghdad Symphony Orchestra founded.
- 1946 – Al-Sarafiya bridge built.
- 1947 - Population: 352,137.
- 1948
- * Uprising.
- * Popular Theatre Company and filmmaking Studio of Baghdad formed.
1950s–1990s
- 1952
- * Uprising.
- * Modern Theatre Company formed.
- 1953 – Baghdad Central Station built.
- 1956
- *Samarra Barrage constructed on the Tigris River near the city.
- * May: Government television begins broadcasting.
- * Uprising.
- * Iraqi Artists Society formed.
- 1957
- *University of Baghdad established.
- * Demonstration.
- 1958
- * 14 July: Iraqi coup d'état against king Faisal II at Royal Palace.
- * City becomes capital of the Republic of Iraq.
- 1959
- *Revolution City built.
- *Al-Mabda' newspaper begins publication.
- * Unknown Soldier monument erected on Firdos Square.
- 1960 – September: OPEC founded at Baghdad Conference.
- 1961 – Iraq National Library and Archive established.
- 1963
- * 8–10 February: Iraqi coup d'état.
- * Khulafa Central Mosque built.
- *Al-Mustansiriya University and Al-Rasheed Sport Club established.
- 1964 – Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital established.
- 1965 - Population: 1,490,759 city; 1,657,424 urban agglomeration.
- 1966
- * Film festival held at Al-Rashid Cinema.
- *Al-Shaab Stadium and Martyrs' Mosque built.
- 1967 – Firqat Ittahaad al-Fannaaneed theatre group formed.
- 1968 – National Theatre Company established.
- 1970 - Population: 1,984,142.
- 1971 – Baghdad Zoo opens.
- 1975 – Central Post Office built.
- 1978 – November: Arab League summit.
- 1980
- *Iran–Iraq War begins.
- * Film school of the Institute of Fine Arts established.
- 1981 – National Film Center and Saddam Hussein Gymnasium built.
- 1982
- *Saddam International Airport, Al Rasheed Hotel, Palestine Meridien Hotel, and Baghdad Conference Palace built.
- *Ishtar Sheraton Hotel opens.
- *The Monument to the Unknown Soldier inaugurated.
- 1983 – Al-Shaheed Monument built.
- 1985
- * Baghdad Festival of Arab theatre begins.
- * Amanat Al Assima Housing complex and Central Bank of Iraq building constructed.
- 1987 - Population: 3,841,268.
- 1988 – Saddam University established.
- 1989 – Victory Arch erected.
- 1991
- *Gulf War.
- * 13 February: Amiriyah shelter bombing.
- 1993 – 26 June: Missile strikes by United States.
- 1994 – Baghdad Tower constructed.
21st century
2000s
- 2002 – April: Statue of Saddam Hussein erected in Firdos Square.
- 2003
- * 3–12 April: Battle of Baghdad (2003); United States in power; Green Zone established.
- * 9 April: Firdos Square statue destruction.
- * 7 August: Jordanian embassy bombing.
- * 19 August: Canal Hotel bombing.
- * 27 October: Bombings.
- 2004
- * 2 March: Ashura bombings.
- * 29 May: Alaa al-Tamimi becomes mayor.
- * 25 August: Baghdad International Airport reverts to civilian control.
- * 12 September: Haifa Street helicopter incident.
- * 14 September: Bombing.
- 2005
- * 8 August: Municipal coup d'état.
- * 31 August: 2005 Baghdad bridge stampede.
- * Baghdad International Film Festival begins.
- 2006
- * 22 February: Battle of Baghdad (2006–2008)
- * 7 April: Buratha Mosque bombing.
- * 1 July: Sadr City bombing.
- * 9 July: Hay al Jihad massacre.
- * 23 November: Sadr City bombings.
- 2007
- * 16 January: Mustansiriya University bombings.
- * 22 January: Bombings.
- * 3 February: Market bombing.
- * 14 February: Baghdad Security Plan effected.
- * 18 February: Bombings.
- * 5 March: Mutanabbi Street bombed.
- * 29 March: Bombings.
- * April: Adhamiyah neighborhood Wall construction begins.
- * 26 July: Market bombing.
- * 1 August: Bombings.
- 2008
- * Baghdad Metro resumes operation.
- * 6 March: Bombing.
- * 17 June: Bombing.
- 2009
- * 1 January: Control of Green Zone transferred from US to Iraq.
- * Dismantling of war-time blast walls begins.
- * 19 August: Bombings.
2010s
- 2010
- *17 August: Bombings.
- *Baghdad FC Stadium opens.
- 2012
- * 5 January: Bombings.
- * 27 January: Bombing.
- * 23 February: 23 February 2012 Iraq attacks.
- * 4 June: Bombing of Shia office.
- 2015 - Air pollution in Baghdad reaches annual mean of 88 PM2.5 and 208 PM10, much higher than recommended.
- 2016 - 3 July: Bombing in Karrada.
- 2018 - 10 June: Election ballot warehouse catches fire.
- 2019
- * 1 October: Protests erupted in Baghdad in Liberation Square
- * 7 October: Dozens of protesters were killed and hundreds were injured in Sadr City.
- * 28 October: Safaa Al Sarai killed
- * 14 November: Four people were killed and 62 injured in Baghdad in clashes between security forces and protesters.
2020s
- 2020
- * 3 January: Qasem Soleimani was assassinated by a U.S. drone strike near Baghdad International Airport.
- 2021
- * 21 January: Bombings.
- * 24 April: Hospital fire.
- * 25 May: anti-government protests.
- * 19 July: Bombing.
Published in 17th–18th centuries
*Published in 19th century
- .
Published in 20th century
- Jacob Lassner. The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages. Detroit: Wayne University Press, 1970.
- Hanne, Eric J. "The Caliphate revisited: The Abbasids of eleventh and twelfth century Baghdad".