The Irish Times
The Irish Times is an Irish daily broadsheet newspaper and online digital publication. It was launched on 29 March 1859. The editor is Ruadhán Mac Cormaic. It is published every day except Sundays. The Irish Times is Ireland's leading newspaper and is the largest subscription news service in Ireland. It is owned by The Irish Times Trust rather than by a private commercial entity. It is considered a newspaper of record for Ireland.
Though formed as a Protestant Irish nationalist paper, within two decades and under new owners, it became a supporter of unionism in Ireland.
In the 21st century, it presents itself politically as "liberal and progressive", as well as being centre-right on economic issues. The editorship of the newspaper from 1859 until 1986 was controlled by the Anglo-Irish Protestant minority, only gaining its first nominal Irish Catholic editor 127 years into its existence.
The paper's notable columnists have included writer and arts commentator Fintan O'Toole and satirist Miriam Lord. The late Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald was once a columnist. Michael O'Regan was the Leinster House correspondent for more than 30 years. Senior international figures, including Tony Blair and Bill Clinton, have written for its op-ed page.
Its most prominent columns have included the political column Backbencher, by John Healy; Drapier ; Rite and Reason ; and the long-running An Irishman's Diary. An Irishman's Diary was written by Patrick Campbell in the forties ; by Seamus Kelly from 1949 to 1979 ; and in the early 2000s by Kevin Myers. After Myers' move to the rival Irish Independent, An Irishman's Diary has usually been the work of Frank McNally. On the sports pages, Philip Reid is the paper's golf correspondent.
One of its most popular columns was the biting and humorous Cruiskeen Lawn satire column written, originally in Irish, later in English, by Myles na gCopaleen, the pen name of Brian O'Nolan who also wrote books using the name Flann O'Brien. Cruiskeen Lawn is an anglicised spelling of the Irish words crúiscín lán, meaning "little full jug". Cruiskeen Lawn made its debut in October 1940, and appeared with varying regularity until O'Nolan's death in 1966.
History
Origins in 19th century
A newspaper entitled The Irish Times was founded in 1823, but this closed in 1825. The title was revived decades later by Lawrence E. Knox,, a 22-year-old army officer. Initially he published thrice-weekly publication but soon shifted to a daily newspaper; the first edition was published on 29 March 1859. He founded it as a moderate Protestant newspaper, reflecting his politics. Knox envisaged it as a "new conservative daily". Its headquarters were at 4 Lower Abbey Street in Dublin. Its main competitor in its early days was the Dublin Daily Express.After Knox's death in 1873, the paper was sold to the widow of Sir John Arnott, a Member of Parliament, a former Lord Mayor of Cork, and owner of Arnotts, one of Dublin's major department stores.
The sale, for £35,000, led to two major changes. Arnott shifted the headquarters to 31 Westmoreland Street; the newspaper operated from this area until 2005. Its politics shifted dramatically, and it became predominantly Unionist in outlook. It was closely associated with the Irish Unionist Alliance. The paper, along with the Irish Independent and various regional papers, called for the execution of the leaders of the failed 1916 Easter Rising.
20th century
Though the paper became a publicly-listed company in 1900, the Arnott family continued to hold a majority shareholding until the 1960s. The last member of the Arnott family to sit on the paper's board was Sir Lauriston Arnott, who died in 1958.During the 1930s, the editor was R. M. Smyllie.
The longest-serving editor of The Irish Times was Douglas Gageby.
In 1974, ownership was transferred to a non-charitable trust, The Irish Times Trust. The previous owner, ex British Army officer and MI5 agent, Major Thomas McDowell, was made "president for life" of the trust that runs the paper; he was paid a large dividend.
The Irish Times launched an online edition of its newspaper in 1994.
The paper established its first bureau in Asia when foreign correspondent Conor O'Clery moved to Beijing, China, in 1996.
21st century
The Irish Times suffered considerable financial difficulty in 2002 when a drop in advertising revenue coincided with a decision by the company to invest its reserves in the building of a new printing plant. None of the journalists was laid off, but many took a voluntary redundancy package when the paper was greatly restructured.Some foreign bureaus were closed and it stopped publishing "colour" pages devoted to Irish regions, with regional coverage merged with news. The paper's problems stemmed partly from internal strife, which led to McDowells's daughter, Karen Erwin, not being made chief executive. The reorganisation had the desired effect; after posting losses of almost €3 million in 2002, the paper returned to profit in 2003.
In 2004, the Irish Times launched a digital edition of its newspaper, whereby it could be read online in the same format as its physical edition.
In May 2005, the paper launched a new international edition, to be printed in Great Britain so as to be available in London and southeast England at the same time as other daily newspapers.
In 2008 the Central Bank of Ireland fined The Irish Times after its management admitted breaking market abuse rules.
In 2009, the Supreme Court ordered the paper to pay €600,000 in costs, despite it having won its case in support of protecting journalistic sources. The court said the paper's destruction of evidence was "reprehensible conduct".
When the Irish government signed the Companies Act 2014, the Trust registered the overall Irish Times Group as a designated activity company, The Irish Times Designated Activity Company.
In December 2017, The Irish Times reportedly had reached an agreement to purchase the newspaper, radio and website interests of Landmark Media Investments, which include the Irish Examiner. Initially subject to regulatory approval, the sale was completed in July 2018.
In September 2018, The Irish Times started a voluntary redundancy scheme. This followed the Landmark Media Investments acquisition.
Beginning in 2015, the Irish Times focused on growing the number of its subscribers in order to achieve a more sustainable funding model. In December 2025, it announced that for the first time, its journalism was fully funded by its subscribers.
Diversification
The company has diversified from its original Irish Times title as a source of revenue. Irish Times Limited has taken a majority share for €5m in the Gazette Group Newspapers, a group publishing three local newspapers in West Dublin, and has acquired a property website, MyHome.ie, the second-largest property internet website in Ireland, for €50m, seen as insurance against the loss of revenue from traditional classified property advertising.In June 2009, journalists called on the board and trust to review "the flawed investment and diversification strategy of the company" and passed a motion saying that "ongoing investment in loss-making projects poses a serious threat to employment" at the newspaper. Four months later, the company announced a loss of €37 million and that 90 staff would be made redundant. The director, Maeve Donovan, who instigated the "investment and diversification" strategy, subsequently retired. She dismissed suggestions that she would receive a significant "golden handshake", saying that her package would be "nothing out of the ordinary at all". She was given a €1m "ex-gratia" payment by the newspaper "relating to a commutation of pension rights agreed with her".
The managing director said in 2009 that mobile phone applications would be a key investment for newspapers and in 2010, The Irish Times launched an application for iPhone and Android smartphones.
In June 2010, Gazette Group Newspapers' managing director claimed the company's affairs were being conducted oppressively by its majority shareholder, the Irish Times.
On 2 May 2024, it was announced that the Irish Times Group had acquired obituary business RIP.ie.
Political stances and controversial stories
The editor during the 1930s, R. M. Smyllie, had strong anti-fascist views, and angered the Irish Catholic hierarchy by opposing General Franco during the Spanish Civil War. During World War II, The Irish Times, like other national newspapers, had problems with Irish Government censorship. The Times was largely pro-Allies and was opposed to the Éamon de Valera government policy of neutrality.In 1969, the longest-serving editor of The Irish Times, Douglas Gageby, was allegedly called a "white nigger" by company chairman Thomas Bleakley McDowell, because of the newspaper's coverage of Northern Ireland at the outset of the Troubles, which was supportive of Irish nationalism.
John Waters, a columnist who spoke out about the perceived vast salaries of the editor, managing director and deputy editor, was sacked and re-hired a week later, in November 2003. Former editor Geraldine Kennedy was paid more than the editor of the UK's top non-tabloid newspaper The Daily Telegraph, which has a circulation of about nine times that of The Irish Times. Later, columnist Fintan O'Toole told the Sunday Independent: "We as a paper are not shy of preaching about corporate pay and fat cats but with this there is a sense of excess. Some of the sums mentioned are disturbing. This is not an attack on Ms Kennedy, it is an attack on the executive level of pay. There is double-standard of seeking more job cuts while paying these vast salaries.
On 23 December 2004, The Irish Times ran a front-page story on the Provisional IRA's denial of involvement in the Northern Bank robbery, one of Europe's largest ever, and on the same day refused to print a column by Kevin Myers which said that the Provisional IRA was responsible. Myers was reported to be shocked by the spiking of his column. Some two weeks later, the paper printed a report that there might, after all, be a "nationalist" connection. Myers later left the paper in May 2006.
On 31 July 2010, The Irish Times published an article titled "The fighting Irish" about Irish nationals who enlisted in the British Armed Forces. The article featured interviews with members of the Royal Irish Regiment and the Irish Guards. It was subsequently criticised by current affairs magazine The Phoenix, which argued that the article romanticised the War in Afghanistan and served as little more than an indirect advertisement for the British military. The Phoenix accused the editor of The Irish Times, Geraldine Kennedy, of violating the Irish Defence Act which prohibits all forms of military recruitment advertising on the behalf of foreign militaries.
On 9 September 2011, the paper published a pseudonymous article by Kate Fitzgerald. Unknown to the paper, she had taken her life on 22 August 2011. The revelation sparked a nationwide debate on suicide with her parents appearing on television to discuss suicide and depression. The article criticised the reaction to her illness by her employer, The Communications Clinic, although it was only after she was identified as the author that her employer became known. The article was later removed from the paper's website, causing controversy online. The editor later told her parents that sections of her article were factually incorrect, but could not say which ones. Kate's parents complained to the Office of the Press Ombudsman about an apology made to The Communications Clinic, their complaint was upheld.
In September 2019, the paper reprinted an article from the New York Times by William Broad. The article claimed that "the blossoming anxiety over professed health risks of 5G 'can be traced to a single scientist and a single chart. A complaint to the Office of the Press Ombudsman of the Press Council of Ireland was filed by Tom Butler of the University College Cork. The Press Council Ombudsman upheld Butler's complaint, ruling that "The Irish Times breached Principle 1 of the Code of Practice of the Press Council of Ireland".