Tetraena
Tetraena is a possible genus of flowering plants in the family Zygophyllaceae, subfamily Zygophylloideae., Plants of the World Online and the World Flora Online accepted it as a synonym of Zygophyllum.
Description
Species formerly placed in Tetraena are shrubby or herbaceous, the tallest being around. The leaves are opposite, or sometimes borne on short shoots and then appearing to be alternate. They may or may not have stalks. The flower usually has five petals and five sepals, rarely four, and ten stamens. The flower is usually tube-like in appearance with white to pale orange petals. The ovary has three to five chambers. The ripe fruit is variable in shape, splitting into parts before releasing the seeds.Taxonomy
The genus Tetraena was erected by Karl Maximovich in 1889 for the species Tetraena mongolica. Until 2003, this was the only species recognized in the genus. Molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that the genus Zygophyllum was not monophyletic, since Tetraena and some other genera were nested within it. To create monophyletic genera, Björn-Axel Beier and Mats Thulin transferred about 40 species of Zygophyllum to Tetraena, creating a much expanded genus. Doubt was later cast on whether this was the right approach to achieving a monophyletic Zygophyllum., Plants of the World Online and the World Flora Online placed Tetraena within Zygophyllum, although Tetraena was accepted by other sources.Former species
Species that have been placed in Tetraena and were placed in Zygophyllum by Plants of the World Online as of 2025, include:- Tetraena aegyptia Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum aegyptium
- Tetraena alba Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum album
- Tetraena applanata Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum applanatum
- Tetraena bucharica Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum bucharicum
- Tetraena chrysopteros Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum chrysopteron
- Tetraena clavata Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum clavatum
- Tetraena coccinea Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum coccineum
- Tetraena cornuta Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum cornutum
- Tetraena cylindrifolia Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum cylindrifolium
- Tetraena decumbens Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum decumbens
- Tetraena dumosa Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum dumosum
- Tetraena fontanesii Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum fontanesii
- Tetraena gaetula Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum gaetulum
- Tetraena geslinii Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum geslinii
- Tetraena giessii Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum giessii
- Tetraena hamiensis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum hamiense
- Tetraena longicapsularis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum longicapsulare
- Tetraena longistipulata Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum longistipulatum
- Tetraena madagascariensis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum madagascariense
- Tetraena madecassa Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum madecassum
- Tetraena mandavillei Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum mandavillei
- Tetraena microcarpa Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum microcarpum
- Tetraena migiurtinorum Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum migiurtinorum
- Tetraena mongolica Maxim. = Zygophyllum mongolicum
- Tetraena prismatica Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum prismaticum
- Tetraena prismatocarpa Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum prismatocarpum
- Tetraena propinqua Ghaz. & Osborne = Zygophyllum propinquum
- Tetraena pterocaulis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum pterocaule
- Tetraena qatarensis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum qatarense
- Tetraena retrofracta Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum retrofractum
- Tetraena rigida Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum rigidum
- Tetraena simplex Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum simplex
- Tetraena somalensis Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum somalense
- Tetraena stapffii Beier & Thulin = Zygophyllum stapffii
- Tetraena tenuis Beier & Thulin = ''Zygophyllum tenue''