Terminalia (plant)
Terminalia is a genus of large trees of the flowering plant family Combretaceae, comprising nearly 300 species distributed in tropical regions of the world. The genus name derives from the Latin word terminus, referring to the fact that the leaves appear at the very tips of the shoots.
Axlewood is used for its wood and tannins and as a fodder. African birch is used for its wood and to make yellow dye and medicinal compounds. A yellow dyestuff produced from the leaves of T. leiocarpa has traditionally been used in West Africa to dye leather.
Selected species
There are 278 accepted Terminalia species as of July 2024 according to Plants of the World Online. Selected species include:- Terminalia acuminata Eichl.
- Terminalia albida Scott-Elliot
- Terminalia amazonia Exell - white olive
- Terminalia anogeissiana - axlewood
- Terminalia arbuscula Sw.
- Terminalia archipelagi Coode
- Terminalia arenicola
- Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn. - arjuna, koha, white marudah
- Terminalia arostrata Ewart & O.B.Davies - crocodile tree
- Terminalia australis Cambess - palo amarillo, tanimbú
- Terminalia avicennioides
- Terminalia bellirica Roxb. - beleric
- Terminalia bentii
- Terminalia bialata Steud. - Indochina, Philippines
- Terminalia buceras
- Terminalia bucidoides Standley & L.O.Williams
- Terminalia bursarina - Bendee
- Terminalia calamansanai Rolfe
- Terminalia cambodiana
- Terminalia canescens Radlk. - jalool
- Terminalia carolinensis Kaneh.
- Terminalia catappa L. - Indian almond, tropical almond, umbrella tree
- Terminalia chebula Retz. - black myrobalan, chebulic myrobalan, inknut
- Terminalia cherrieri McKee
- Terminalia circumalata F.Muell.
- Terminalia cunninghamii C.A.Gardner - Pindan quondong
- Terminalia dhofarica
- Terminalia eddowesii Coode
- Terminalia engleri Gere & Boatwr. - terenifù
- Terminalia elliptica Willd. - Indian-laurel
- Terminalia eriostachya A.Rich.
- Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell - billygoat plum, Kakadu plum, gubinge
- Terminalia fitzgeraldii C.A.Gardner
- Terminalia glabrata
- Terminalia grandiflora Benth.
- Terminalia hadleyana W.Fitzg.
- Terminalia ivorensis A.Chev. - idigbo, black afara, blackbark, brimstone wood, shingle wood
- Terminalia januariensis DC.
- Terminalia kaernbachii Warb. - okari nut
- Terminalia kangeanensis Slooten - Kangean almond
- Terminalia kuhlmannii Alwan & Stace
- Terminalia kumpaja R.L.Barrett
- Terminalia latifolia Sw.
- Terminalia latipes Benth.
- Terminalia leiocarpa
- Terminalia littoralis L.
- Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.
- Terminalia megalocarpa Exell
- Terminalia microcarpa Decne.
- Terminalia muelleri Benth. - Australian almond
- Terminalia myriocarpa
- Terminalia neotaliala - Madagascar almond tree
- Terminalia nitens C.Presl; sakat
- Terminalia novocaledonica Däniker
- Terminalia oblongata F.Muell.
- Terminalia paniculata Roth
- Terminalia parviflora Thwaites
- Terminalia pellucida C.Presl
- Terminalia pendula
- Terminalia petiolaris Benth. - marool
- Terminalia platyphylla F.Muell.
- Terminalia platyptera F.Muell.
- Terminalia polycarpa
- Terminalia porphyrocarpa
- Terminalia prunioides
- Terminalia reitzii Excell
- Terminalia rerei Coode
- Terminalia richii A.Gray
- Terminalia rostrata
- Terminalia schimperiana Hochst.
- Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. - silver terminalia
- Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels - limba
- Terminalia triptera
- Terminalia volucris Benth.