Taikyoku shogi


is the largest known variant of shogi. The game was created around the mid-16th or 17th centuries and is based on earlier large board shogi games. Before the rediscovery of taikyoku shogi in 1997, tai shogi was believed to be the largest physically playable chess variant ever. It has not been shown that taikyoku shogi was ever widely played. There are only two sets of restored taikyoku shogi pieces, one of which is held at Osaka University of Commerce. The only played game in recent history was played in 2004 for the Japanese television show Fountain of Trivia, which took 32 hours and 41 minutes, spanning over three days, and a total of 3,805 moves.
Because the game was found only recently after centuries of obscurity, it is difficult to say exactly what all the rules were. Several documents describing the game have been found; however, there are differences between them. It is not clear how accurate the rules given by modern sources for the game are, because many of the pieces appear in other shogi variants with a consistent move there, but are given different moves in taikyoku shogi. The board, and likewise the pieces, were made much smaller than usual for the other variants, making archaeological finds difficult to decipher. Research into this game continues.
Taikyoku shogi is very different from other large-board shogi variants: tenjiku shogi, dai dai shogi, maka dai dai shogi, and tai shogi. The most notable differences lie with the piece movements and their promotions.

Objective

The objective of the game is to capture the opponent's king and crown prince. When the last of these is captured, the game ends. There are no rules for check or checkmate; however, in practice a player resigns when checkmated. Unlike standard shogi, pieces may not be dropped back into play after being captured.

Game equipment

Two players, Black and White, play on a board ruled into a grid of 36 ranks by 36 files with a total of 1,296 squares. Each "square" is a 17mm by 15mm rectangle, making the playing size tantamount to 65 cm by 55 cm. The squares are differentiated by marking or color.
Each player has a set of 402 wedge-shaped pieces of 207 types. The players must remember 253 sets of moves. The pieces are of slightly different sizes with the larger pieces near the king and becoming progressively smaller for pieces further from the king, regardless of power. In general, the stronger pieces are nearer to the king.
Each piece has its name in the form of two or three kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of some pieces are two or three other characters, often in a different color ; this reverse side is used to indicate that the piece has been promoted during play. The pieces of the two sides do not differ in color, but instead each piece is shaped like a wedge, and faces forward, toward the opposing side. This shows who controls the piece during play.
Listed below are the pieces of the game and, if they promote, which pieces they promote to. Promotions prefaced with a star are not also represented as their own pieces, existing only as promotions.
PieceKanjiRōmajiPromotes toKanjiRōmaji
King王将 / 玉将ōshō / gyokushō—
Crown prince太子taishiKing王将ōshō
Great general大将taishō—
Gold general金将kinshōFlying chariot飛車hisha
Right general右将ushō*Right army右軍ugun
Left general左将sashō*Left army左軍sagun
Rear standard後旗kōkiCenter standard中旗chūki
Free king奔王honnōGreat general大将taishō
Free dream-eater奔獏honbakuFree king奔王honnō
Wooden dove鳩槃kyūhan—
Ceramic dove鳩盤kyūban—
Earth dragon地龍chiryūRain dragon雨龍uryū
Free demon奔鬼honkiFree king奔王honnō
Running horse走馬sōma, sōbaFree demon奔鬼honki
Beast cadet獣曹jūsōBeast officer獣吏jūri
Tengu天狗tengu—
Right mountain eagle右山鷲usanshūFlying eagle飛鷲hijū
Left mountain eagle左山鷲sasanshūFlying eagle飛鷲hijū
Fire demon火鬼kaki*Free fire奔火honka
Whale鯨鯢keigei*Great whale大鯨daigei
Running rabbit走兎sōtoTreacherous fox隠狐inko, onko
White tiger白虎byakko*Divine tiger神虎shinko
Turtle-snake玄武genbu*Divine turtle神亀shinki
Incense chariot香車kyōshaWhite foal白駒hakku
Reverse chariot反車henshaWhale鯨鯢keigei
Fragrant elephant香象kōzō*Elephant king象王zōō
White elephant白象hakuzō*Elephant king象王zōō
Turtle dove山鳩sankyūGreat dove大鳩daikyū
Flying swallow飛燕hienFlying chariot飛車hisha
Fowl officer禽吏kinri*Fowl禽鳥kinchō
Rain dragon雨龍uryūGreat dragon大龍dairyū
Forest demon森鬼shinki*Thunder runner雷走raisō
Mountain stag山鹿sanrokuGreat stag大鹿dairoku
Running pup走狗sōku*Free leopard奔豹honpyō
Running serpent走蛇sōja*Free serpent奔蛇honja
Side serpent横蛇ōja*Great shark大鱗dairin
Great dove大鳩daikyūWooden dove鳩槃kyūhan
Running tiger走虎sōko*Free tiger奔虎honko
Running bear走熊sōyū*Free bear奔熊hon'yū
Nature spirit夜叉yasha*Heavenly tetrarch四天shiten
Buddhist devil羅刹rasetsu*Heavenly tetrarch四天shiten
Guardian of the gods金剛kongō*Heavenly tetrarch四天shiten
Sumo wrestler力士rikishi*Heavenly tetrarch四天shiten
Silver general銀将ginshōVertical mover竪行shugyō
Drunken elephant酔象suizōCrown prince太子taishi
Neighboring king近王kinnōFront standard前旗zenki
Gold chariot金車kinsha*Playful parrot遊䳇yūmo
Side dragon横龍ōryū*Running dragon走龍sōryū
Running stag走鹿sōroku*Free stag奔鹿honroku
Running wolf走狼sōrō*Free wolf奔狼honrō
Angle general角将kakushō*Rain demon霖鬼rinki
Flying general飛将hishō*Flying crocodile飛鰐higaku
Right tiger右虎ukoWhite tiger白虎byakko
Left tiger左虎sakoTurtle-snake玄武genbu
Right dragon右龍uryūBlue dragon青龍seiryū
Left dragon左龍saryūVermillion sparrow朱雀suzaku
Beast officer獣吏jūri*Beast bird獣鳥jūchō
Wind dragon風龍fūryū*Free dragon奔龍honryū
Free pup奔狗honku*Free dog奔犬honken
Rushing bird行鳥gyōchōFree demon奔鬼honki
Old kite古鵄kotetsuTengu天狗tengu
Peacock孔雀kujakuTengu天狗tengu
Water dragon水龍suiryūPhoenix master鳳師hōshi
Fire dragon火龍karyūKirin master麟師rinshi
Copper general銅将dōshōSide mover横行ōgyō
Phoenix master鳳師hōshi—
Kirin master麟師rinshi—
Silver chariot銀車ginsha*Goose wing鴻翼kōyoko
Vertical bear竪熊shuyū*Free bear奔熊hon'yū
Cassia horse桂馬keimaSide soldier横兵ōhei
Pig general豚将tonshō*Free pig奔豚honton
Chicken general鶏将keishō*Free chicken奔鶏honkei
Pup general狗将kushōFree pup奔狗honku
Horse general馬将bashō*Free horse奔馬honba
Ox general牛将gyūshō*Free ox奔牛hongyū
Center standard中旗chūkiFront standard前旗zenki
Side boar横猪ōcho*Free boar奔猪honcho
Silver rabbit銀兎gintoWhale鯨鯢keigei
Gold stag金鹿konrokuWhite foal白駒hakku
Lion獅子shishi*Furious fiend奮迅funjin
Fowl cadet禽曹kinsōFowl officer禽吏kinri
Great stag大鹿dairoku*Free stag奔鹿honroku
Fierce dragon猛龍mōryūGreat dragon大龍dairyū
Woodland demon林鬼rinki*Stone peng石鵬sekihō
Vice general副将fukushōGreat general大将taishō
Stone chariot石車sekisha*Walking heron歩䳲fushin
Cloud eagle雲鷲unjū*Strong eagle勁鷲keijū
Angle mover角行kakugyōDragon horse龍馬ryūme
Flying chariot飛車hishaDragon king龍王ryūō
Side wolf横狼ōrō*Free wolf奔狼honrō
Flying cat飛猫hibyōFlying chariot飛車hisha
Mountain hawk山鷹san'ōHorned hawk角鷹kakuō
Vertical tiger竪虎shuko*Free tiger奔虎honko
Soldier兵士heishi*Cavalier騎士kishi
Little standard小旗shōkiRear standard後旗kōki
Cloud dragon雲龍unryūGreat dragon大龍dairyū
Copper chariot銅車dōsha*Copper elephant銅象dōzō
Running chariot走車sōsha*Cannon chariot炮車hōsha
Ram's-head soldier羊兵yōhei*Tiger soldier虎兵kohei
Fierce ox猛牛mōgyūFlying ox飛牛higyū
Great dragon大龍dairyū*Ancient dragon元龍genryū, ganryū
Gold bird金翅kinshi*Free bird奔翅honshi
Dark spirit無明mumyō*Buddhist spirit法性hōsei
Deva提婆daiba*King of teachings教王kyōō
Wood chariot木車mokusha*Wind snapping turtle風鼈fūbetsu
White foal白駒hakku*Great foal大駒daiku
Howling dog ?犬kiken*Left dog左犬saken
Howling dog ?犬kiken*Right dog右犬uken
Side mover横行ōgyō*Free boar奔猪honcho
Prancing stag踊鹿yōrokuSquare mover方行hōgyō
Water ox水牛suigyū*Great dream-eater大獏daibaku
Fierce leopard猛豹mōhyōAngle mover角行kakugyō
Fierce eagle猛鷲mōjūFlying eagle飛鷲hijū
Flying dragon飛龍hiryūDragon king龍王ryūō
Poisonous serpent毒蛇dokujaHook mover鉤行kōgyō
Flying goose鳫飛ganhiSwallow's wings燕羽en'u
Strutting crow烏行ukō*Flying hawk飛鷹hiyō
Blind dog盲犬mōkenFierce stag猛鹿mōroku
Water general水将suishōVice general副将fukushō
Fire general火将kashōGreat general大将taishō
Phoenix鳳凰hōōGold bird金翅kinshi
Kirin麒麟kirinGold bird金翅kinshi
Hook mover鉤行kōgyō—
Little turtle小亀shōki*Treasure turtle宝亀hōki
Great turtle大亀daiki*Spirit turtle霊亀reiki
Capricorn摩羯makatsuHook mover鉤行kōgyō
Tile chariot瓦車gasha*Running tile走瓦sōga
Vertical wolf竪狼shurōRunning wolf走狼sōrō
Side ox横牛ōgyūFlying ox飛牛higyū
Donkey驢馬robaCeramic dove鳩盤kyūban
Flying horse馬麟barinFree king奔王honnō
Fierce bear猛熊mōyū*Great bear大熊daiyū
Angry boar嗔猪shincho*Free boar奔猪honcho
Evil wolf悪狼akurō*Poisonous wolf毒狼dokurō
Wind horse風馬fūma*Heavenly horse天馬temma
Flying chicken鶏飛keihi*Raiding hawk延鷹en'yō
Old monkey古猿koen*Mountain witch山母sanbo
Huai chicken淮鶏waikei*Wizard stork仙senkaku
Northern barbarian北狄hokutekiWooden dove鳩槃kyūhan
Southern barbarian南蛮nanbanGold bird金翅kinshi
Western barbarian西戎seijūLion dog狛犬komainu
Eastern barbarian東夷tōiLion獅子shishi
Fierce stag猛鹿mōroku*Rushing boar行猪gyōcho
Fierce wolf猛狼mōrō*Bear's eyes熊眼yūgan
Treacherous fox隠狐inko, onko*Mountain crane山鶻sankotsu
Center master中師chūshi—
Peng master鵬師hōshi—
Earth chariot土車dosha*Reed bird芦鳥shakuchō
Vermillion sparrow朱雀suzaku*Divine sparrow神雀shinjaku
Blue dragon青龍seiryū*Divine dragon神龍shinryū
Enchanted badger変狸henriCeramic dove鳩盤kyūban
Horseman騎兵kihei*Cavalier騎士kishi
Swooping owl鴟行shigyōCloud eagle雲鷲unjū
Climbing monkey登猿tōenFierce stag猛鹿mōroku
Cat sword猫刀myōjinDragon horse龍馬ryūme
Swallow's wings燕羽en'u*Gliding swallow燕行engyō
Blind monkey盲猿mōen*Flying stag飛鹿hiroku
Blind tiger盲虎mōko*Flying stag飛鹿hiroku
Ox chariot牛車gissha*Plodding ox歬牛sengyū
Side flyer横飛ōhiSide dragon横龍ōryū
Blind bear盲熊mōyū*Flying stag飛鹿hiroku
Old rat老鼠rōso*Mocking bird or
jichō
Square mover方行hōgyō*Strong chariot強車kyōsha
Coiled serpent蟠蛇banja*Coiled dragon蟠龍banryū
Reclining dragon臥龍garyūGreat dragon大龍dairyū
Free eagle奔鷲honjū—
Lion hawk獅鷹shiō—
Chariot soldier車兵shahei*Heavenly tetrarch king四天王shitennō
Side soldier横兵ōheiWater ox水牛suigyū
Vertical soldier竪兵shuheiChariot soldier車兵shahei
Wind general風将fūshō*Fierce wind暴風bōfū
River general川将senshō*Huai river淮川waisen
Mountain general山将sanshō*Mount Tai泰山taisan
Front standard前旗zenkiGreat standard大旗daiki
Horse soldier馬兵baheiRunning horse走馬sōma, sōba
Wood general木将mokushōWhite elephant白象hakuzō
Ox soldier牛兵gyūhei*Running ox走牛sōgyū
Earth general土将doshōWhite elephant白象hakuzō
Boar soldier猪兵chohei*Running boar走猪sōcho
Stone general石将sekishōWhite elephant白象hakuzō
Leopard soldier豹兵hyōhei*Running leopard走豹sōhyō
Tile general瓦将gashōWhite elephant白象hakuzō
Bear soldier熊兵yūhei*Strong bear強熊kyōyū
Iron general鉄将tesshōWhite elephant白象hakuzō
Great standard大旗daiki—
Great master大師daishi—
Right chariot右車usha*Right iron chariot右鉄車utessha
Left chariot左車sasha*Left iron chariot左鉄車satessha
Side monkey横猿ōenSide soldier横兵ōhei
Vertical mover竪行shugyōFlying ox飛牛higyū
Flying ox飛牛higyū*Fire ox火牛kagyū
Longbow soldier弩兵dohei*Longbow general弩将doshō
Vertical pup竪狗shuku*Leopard king豹王hyōō
Vertical horse竪馬shubaDragon horse龍馬ryūme
Cannon soldier炮兵hōhei*Cannon general炮将hōshō
Dragon horse龍馬ryūmeHorned hawk角鷹kakuō
Dragon king龍王ryūōFlying eagle飛鷲hijū
Sword soldier刀兵tōhei*Sword general刀将tōshō
Horned hawk角鷹kakuō*Great hawk大鷹daiō
Flying eagle飛鷲hijū*Great eagle大鷲daijū
Spear soldier鎗兵sōhei*Spear general鎗将sōshō
Vertical leopard竪豹shuhyō*Great leopard大豹daihyō
Fierce tiger猛虎mōko*Great tiger大虎daiko
Crossbow soldier弓兵kyūhei*Crossbow general弓将kyūshō
Roaring dog吼犬kōkenLion dog狛犬komainu
Lion dog狛犬komainu*Great elephant大象taizō
Dog犬inu*Multi general雜将suishō
Go-between仲人chūninDrunken elephant酔象suizō
Pawn歩兵fuhyōGold generalと金tokin

In smaller variants of shogi, some pieces that move identically or similarly to chess pieces are given the name of the chess piece. However, in taikyoku shogi, this breaks down since there are other pieces with the same movements as in chess. Hence, and for the purpose of consistency, names of the pieces have simply been translated from Japanese. A list can be seen here:
Chess nameJapaneseTranslation
Knight桂馬Cassia horse
Bishop角将Angle mover
Rook飛車Flying chariot
Queen奔王Free king
Lance香車Incense chariot

Note also that even though 歩兵 translates directly to "foot soldier", it is named "pawn", the same as in chess, since "pawn" comes from the Medieval Latin term for "foot soldier".

Setup

Below is a diagram showing the setup of one player's pieces. The way one player sees their own pieces is the same way the opposing player will see their pieces.
;Legend

Game play

The players alternate making a move, with Black moving first. A move consists of moving a single piece on the board and potentially promoting that piece or displacing an opposing piece.

Movement and capture

Most pieces in the game move in a unique manner. An opposing piece is captured by displacement: That is, if a piece moves to a square occupied by an opposing piece, the opposing piece is displaced and removed from the board. A piece cannot move to a square occupied by a friendly piece.
Each piece on the game moves in a characteristic pattern. Pieces move either orthogonally, or diagonally. The lion, lion hawk and cassia horse are exceptions at the beginning of the game, in that they do not move, or are not required to move, in a straight line.

Promotion

Complete rules have not been found, and different sources vary on how promotion is handled. Either a piece that can promote promotes when it makes its first capture, or a player must promote the piece when it enters one of the 11 ranks at the opposite side of the board.

Categories of movement

Many pieces are capable of several kinds of movement, with the type of movement most often depending on the direction in which they move. The movement categories are:
Step movers
Some pieces move only one square at a time.
The step movers are the crown prince, generals, wolves, earth dragon, running horse, running rabbit, turtle-snake, turtle dove, flying swallow, rain dragon, mountain stag, running pup, running serpent, side serpent, nature spirit, Buddhist devil, fierce stag, drunken elephant, neighboring king, chariots, right tiger, left tiger, wind dragon, free pup, rushing bird, old kite, bears, side boar, cloud eagle, flying cat, little standard, cloud dragon, soldiers, fierce ox, dark spirit, deva, howling dog, side mover, prancing stag, fierce leopard, fierce eagle, poisonous serpent, flying goose, strutting crow, blind dog, Huai chicken, phoenix, kirin, side ox, angry boar, wind horse, flying chicken, monkeys, barbarians, vermillion sparrow, swooping owl, old rat, cat sword, swallow's wings, blind tiger, side flyer, coiled serpent, reclining dragon, go-between, dog, vertical mover, vertical pup, vertical horse, dragon horse, dragon king and pawn.
Limited ranging pieces
Some pieces can move along a limited number of free squares along a straight line in certain directions. Other than the limited distance, they move like ranging pieces.
The limited ranging pieces are the king, standards, free dream-eater, wooden dove, dragons, demons, beast cadet, mountain eagle, white tiger, ceramic dove, turtle dove, fowl officer, mountain stag, side serpent, great dove, running tiger, running bear, nature spirit, Buddhist devil, guardian of the Gods, sumo wrestler, gold chariot, running stag, beast officer, free pup, rushing bird, old kite, peacock, phoenix master, kirin master, silver chariot, vertical bear, pig general, chicken general, horse general, ox general, silver rabbit, gold stag, fowl cadet, great stag, stone chariot, cloud eagle, mountain hawk, vertical tiger, copper chariot, gold bird, prancing stag, water ox, fierce eagle, water general, mountain general, fire general, turtles, vertical wolf, donkey, enchanted badger, flying horse, angry boar, fierce bear, wind horse, barbarians, center master, peng master, horseman, soldiers, wing general, wind general, wood general, great master and roaring dog.
Jumping pieces
Several pieces can jump, that is, they can pass over any intervening piece, whether friend or foe, with no effect on either.
The jumping pieces are the wooden dove, running horse, mountain eagle, phoenix master, kirin master, cassia horse, lion, great stag, vice general, flying cat, mountain hawk, gold bird, flying dragon, phoenix, kirin, turtles, treacherous fox, center master, peng master, free eagle, lion hawk, great master, horned hawk, flying eagle, roaring dog and lion dog.
Ranging pieces
Many pieces can move any number of empty squares along a straight line, limited only by the edge of the board. If an opposing piece intervenes, it may be captured by moving to that square and removing it from the board. A ranging piece must stop where it captures, and cannot bypass a piece that is in its way. If a friendly piece intervenes, the moving piece is limited to a distance that stops short of the intervening piece; if the friendly piece is adjacent, it cannot move in that direction at all.
The ranging pieces are the standards, free king, free dream-eater, wooden dove, dragons, demons, running horse, mountain eagle, whale, running rabbit, tigers, turtle-snake, ceramic dove, incense chariot, ox chariot, chariots, flying swallow, running pup, running serpent, great dove, running bear, running stag, running wolf, free pup, phoenix master, kirin master, vertical bear, side boar, silver rabbit, gold stag, great stag, cloud eagle, angle mover, flying chariot, side wolf, mountain hawk, soldiers, fierce ox, gold bird, white foal, howling dog, side mover, water ox, turtles, vertical wolf, side ox, wind horse, treacherous fox, peng master, vermillion sparrow, horseman, swallow's wings, side flyer, great master, side monkey, vertical mover, flying ox, vertical pup, vertical horse, dragon horse, dragon king, horned hawk, flying eagle, roaring dog and lion dog.
Hook moves
The hook mover, tengu, capricorn, and peacock can move any number of squares along a straight line, as a normal ranging piece, but may also abruptly change tack left or right by 90° at any one place along the route, and then continue as a ranging piece. Turning a corner like this is optional.
The range covered by a hook move is the equivalent of two moves by a rook, or two moves by a bishop, depending on the piece. However, a hook move is functionally a single move: The piece cannot capture twice in one move, nor may it capture and then move on. It must stop before an intervening piece, and must stop when it captures, just like any other ranging piece. It can only change direction once per move.
Area movers
The lion and lion hawk may take multiple steps in a single turn. These do not have to be in a line, so these pieces can potentially reach every square within two or three steps of the starting square, not just squares along one of the diagonals or orthogonals. Such moves are also useful to get around obstructions. An area mover must stop where it captures.
Limited range jumping pieces
The heavenly tetrarch king, great hawk, rain demon, great eagle, treacherous fox and mountain crane may jump a limited number of squares, before continuing on in the same direction as a ranging piece. This is also the likely behavior of the gold bird, free bird, ancient dragon, great elephant and king of teachings.
Range capturing pieces
The great general, vice general, flying general, angle general, fierce dragon and flying crocodile may jump over any number of pieces, friend or foe, along a diagonal or orthogonal. They capture all pieces they jump over, as well as the one they land on.
However, they may only jump over or land on pieces of lower rank, whether friend or foe. The relevant ranking is:
  1. King, crown prince
  2. Great general
  3. Vice general
  4. Flying general, angle general, fierce dragon, flying crocodile
This ranking makes it impossible for range capturing pieces to capture the king or crown prince.

Individual pieces

Pawn
  • Step: The pawn can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Betza Notation: fW
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Earth general and go-between
  • Step: The earth general and go-between can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: vW
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
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Stone general
  • Step: The stone general can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fF
Because it cannot move orthogonally or backward, a stone general can only reach less than half the squares on the board.
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Iron general and dog
  • Step: The iron general and dog can move one square forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: fWfF
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
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Swooping owl, old rat and strutting crow
  • Step: The swooping owl, old rat and strutting crow can move one square orthogonally forward or diagonally backward.
  • Notation: fWbF
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
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Tile general and sword soldier
  • Step: The tile general and sword soldier can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: bWfF
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
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Copper general, flying goose and climbing monkey
  • Step: The copper general, flying goose, and climbing monkey can move one square orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: vWfF
  • They have the same range of movement but each promotes differently.
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Reclining dragon
  • Step: The reclining dragon can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: W
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Coiled serpent
  • Step: The coiled serpent can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally backward.
  • Notation: vWbF
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Flying chicken
  • Step: The flying chicken can move one square orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: sWfF
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Cat sword
  • Step: The cat sword can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: F
Because it cannot move orthogonally, a cat sword can only reach half the squares on the board.
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Evil wolf
  • Step: The evil wolf can move one square orthogonally sideways or forward; or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fFfsW
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Silver general and fierce stag
  • Step: The silver general and fierce stag can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or one square orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: FfW
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
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☖
○ ○

Blind dog and Huai chicken
  • Step: The blind dog and Huai chicken can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways or one square diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fFbsW
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○ ○
○☖○
○

Old monkey
  • Step: The old monkey can move one square in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: FbW
○ ○
☖
○○○

Gold general and fierce wolf
  • Step: The gold general and fierce wolf can step one square in the four orthogonal directions or diagonally forward, giving them six possibilities.
  • They cannot move diagonally backward.
  • Notation: WfF
  • The pieces have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○○○
○☖○
○

Fierce leopard
  • Step: The fierce leopard can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: vK
○○○
☖
○○○

Blind monkey, blind bear and angry boar
  • Step: The blind monkey, blind bear and angry boar can move one square in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: sK
○ ○
○☖○
○ ○

Drunken elephant, neighboring king and rushing boar
  • Step: The drunken elephant, neighboring king and rushing boar can move one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: fsK
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○○○
○☖○
○ ○

Deva
  • Step: The Deva can move one square in any direction orthogonally or diagonally, except diagonally forward to the right.
  • Notation: WflFbF
○○
○☖○
○○○

Dark spirit
  • Step: The dark spirit can move one square in any direction orthogonally or diagonally, except diagonally forward to the left.
  • Notation: WfrFbF
○○
○☖○
○○○

Blind tiger
  • Step: The blind tiger can move one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: FbWsW
○ ○
○☖○
○○○

Left general
  • Step: The left general can move one square orthogonally vertically or to the right, or one square diagonally to the right.
  • Notation: rFvWrW
○○
☖○
○○

Right general
  • Step: The right general can move one square orthogonally vertically or to the left, or one square diagonally to the left.
  • Notation: lFvWlW
○○
○☖
○○

Crown prince, bear's eyes and poisonous wolf
  • Step: The crown prince, bear's eyes and poisonous wolf can step one square in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: K
  • A crown prince may move into check.
  • The pieces have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○○○
○☖○
○○○

Wood general
  • Limited range: The wood general can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fB2
○ ○
○ ○
☖

Donkey and enchanted badger
  • Limited range: The donkey and enchanted badger can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: R2
  • Their range of movement and promotions are the same.
○
○
○○☖○○
○
○

Flying horse
  • Limited range: The flying horse can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B2
○ ○
○ ○
☖
○ ○
○ ○

Beast cadet
  • Limited range: The beast cadet can move one or two squares orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B2fsR2
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○☖○○
○ ○
○ ○

King, fragrant elephant and white elephant
  • Limited range: The king, fragrant elephant and white elephant can move one or two squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: Q2
  • The king may move into check.
  • The elephants have the same promotion.
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○☖○○
○○○
○ ○ ○

Rushing bird
  • Step: The rushing bird can move one square orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: FsWfW2
○
○○○
○☖○
○ ○

Fierce bear
  • Limited range: The fierce bear can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: fB2fsW
○ ○
○○○
○☖○

Eastern barbarian and western barbarian
  • Limited range: The eastern barbarian and western barbarian can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Step: They can move one square orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: sWvW2fF
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○
○○○
○☖○
○
○

Northern barbarian, southern barbarian and prancing stag
  • Limited range: The northern barbarian, southern barbarian and prancing stag can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: They can move one square orthogonally forward or backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: vWsW2fF
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○○○
○○☖○○
○

Poisonous serpent
  • Step: The poisonous serpent can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can moves one or two squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Notation: sfW2bW1fF
○
○○○
○○☖○○
○

Old kite
Kite here refers to the bird of prey.
  • Limited range: The old kite can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions; or
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: B2sW
○ ○
○ ○
○☖○
○ ○
○ ○

Fierce eagle
  • Limited range: The fierce eagle can move one or two squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Notation: B2fsW
○ ○
○○○
○☖○
○ ○
○ ○

Guardian of the gods
  • Limited range: The guardian of the gods can move one to three squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: R3
○
○
○
○○○☖○○○
○
○
○

Sumo wrestler
  • Limited range: The sumo wrestler can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B3
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
☖
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○

Fowl cadet
  • Limited range: The fowl cadet can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or sideways, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B3fsR3
When it promotes to a fowl officer, it demotes.
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○☖○○○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○

Horse general, ox general, wind general and river general
  • Step: The horse general, the ox general, the wind general and the river general can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fFbWfR3
  • These pieces and their promotions have the same range of motion.
○
○
○○○
☖
○

Fire general
  • Step: The fire general can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: fFvR3
○
○
○○○
☖
○
○
○

Water general and mountain general
  • Step: The water general and mountain general can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fB3vW
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○ ○
○ ○
○○○
☖
○

Buddhist devil
  • Limited range: The Buddhist devil can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Notation: fB3bsW
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
○☖○
○

Nature spirit
  • Step: The nature spirit can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: fFbWsR3
○ ○
○○○☖○○○
○

Sword general
  • Step: The sword general can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: bWfQ3
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
☖
○

Fowl officer
  • Limited range: The fowl officer can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or sideways; or
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions
  • Notation: B3fsR2
○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○☖○○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○

Beast officer
  • Limited range: The beast officer can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B3sR2fR3
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○☖○○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○

Heavenly tetrarch
  • Limited range: The heavenly tetrarch can move one to four squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: Q4
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○○☖○○○○
○○○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○

Chicken general and pup general
  • Step: The chicken general and pup general can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to four squares orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bFfR4
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
○
○
○
○
☖
○ ○

Pig general
  • Limited range: The pig general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward; or
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bR2fB4
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
☖
○
○

Mountain stag
  • Step: The mountain stag can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: fB3fWsR2bR4
○ ○
○ ○
○○○
○○☖○○
○
○
○
○

Leopard king
  • Limited range: The leopard king can move one to five squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: Q5
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○○○☖○○○○○
○○○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○

Turtle dove
  • Step: The turtle dove can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fB5bsW
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
○ ○
○☖○
○

Crossbow soldier
  • Step: The crossbow soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fB3bWsR3fR5
○
○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○☖○○○
○

Cannon soldier
  • Step: The cannon soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to seven squares orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fB5bWsR3fR7
○
○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○☖○○○
○

Incense chariot, ox chariot, and fierce tiger
  • Ranging: The incense chariot, ox chariot and fierce tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fR
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
│
│
☖

Reverse chariot
  • Ranging: The reverse chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: vR
│
│
☖
│
│

Side dragon
  • Ranging: The side dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Notation: fsR
│
│
──☖──

Mountain witch
  • Range: The mountain witch can move any number of free squares in a straight line backward, or in any diagonal direction.
  • Notation: BbR
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
☖
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

White foal, mocking bird and multi general
  • Ranging: The white foal, mocking bird and multi general can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Notation: vRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
☖
│
│

Flying chariot, soldier, running chariot, square mover and gliding swallow
  • Ranging: The flying chariot, soldier, running chariot, square mover and gliding swallow can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • They have the same range of motion but promote differently.
  • Notation: R
│
│
──☖──
│
│

Free serpent, coiled dragon and whale
  • Range: The free serpent, the coiled dragon and the whale can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward, or diagonally backward.
  • Notation: vRbB
│
│
☖
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Angle mover
  • Ranging: An angle mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: B
Because it cannot move orthogonally, an angle mover can only reach half the squares on the board.
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
☖
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Free wolf and running leopard
  • Range: The free wolf and running leopard can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fBfsR
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──

Wizard stork
  • Range: The wizard stork can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fBsbR
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
──☖──
│
│

Flying ox, free bear, free leopard and great whale
  • Ranging: The flying ox, the free bear, the free leopard and the great whale can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: BvR
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
☖
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Treacherous fox
  • Ranging: The treacherous fox can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump and range: It can jump to the second or third square in those directions, then continue moving in that direction.
  • Notation: BAGvRvDvH
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
╲│╱
☖
╱│╲
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
╱ │ ╲

Cavalier and strong chariot
  • Range: The cavalier and strong chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RfB
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
│
│

Free dragon and free tiger
  • Range: The free dragon and free tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal, except orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: BbsR
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
──☖──
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Free king, free stag and strong eagle
  • Ranging: The free king, the free stag and the strong eagle can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: Q
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Howling dog
  • Step: The howling dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bWfR
  • The left and right howling dogs have the same range of motion but promote differently.
│
│
☖
○

Vertical horse
  • Step: The vertical horse can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fFbWfR
│
○│○
☖
○

Spear soldier
  • Step: The spear soldier can move one square orthogonally backward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: WfR
│
│
○☖○
○

Vertical pup
  • Step: The vertical pup can move one square backward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bFbWfR
│
│
☖
○○○

Raiding hawk
  • Step: The raiding hawk can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Step: The raiding hawk can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fFsWfR
│
○│○
○☖○

Right iron chariot
  • Step: The right iron chariot can step one square right.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backwards in either direction, or in the forward left diagonal.
  • Notation: rWbBflB
╲
╲
☖○
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Left iron chariot
  • Step: The left iron chariot can step one square left.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backwards in either direction, or in the forward right diagonal.
  • Notation: lWbBfrB
╱
╱
○☖
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Vertical leopard
  • Step: The vertical leopard can move one square orthogonally backward, sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: WfFfR
│
○│○
○☖○
○

Right dog
  • Step: The right dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Notation: bWfRblB
│
│
☖
╱○
╱

Left dog
  • Step: The left dog can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Notation: bWfRbrB
│
│
☖
○╲
╲

Ram's-head soldier and Flying swallow
  • Ranging: The ram's-head soldier and the flying swallow can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: bWfB
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
☖
○

Wood chariot
  • Step: The wood chariot can move one square diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: flFbrFvR
│
○│
☖
│○
│

Tile chariot
  • Step: The tile chariot can move one square diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: frFblFvR
│
│○
☖
○│
│

Running boar, Running pup, running serpent, Earth chariot and vertical mover.
  • Step: The running boar, running pup, running serpent, earth chariot and vertical mover can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
  • Notation: WvR
│
│
○☖○
│
│

Fierce ox
  • Step: The fierce ox can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Notation: vWfB
╲ ╱
╲○╱
☖
○

Side wolf
  • Step: The side wolf can move one square diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: flFbrFsR
○
──☖──
○

Side ox
  • Step: The side ox can move one square diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: frFblFsR
○
──☖──
○

Side mover and swallow's wings
  • Ranging: The side mover and the swallow's wings can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: WsR
○
──☖──
○

Side monkey
  • Step: The side monkey can move one square diagonally forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: bWfFsR
○ ○
──☖──
○

Divine sparrow
  • Step: The divine sparrow can move one square diagonally forward to the right or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward or forward to the left.
  • Notation: WfrFflBbB
╲
╲○○
○☖○
╱○╲
╱ ╲

Plodding ox
  • Step: The plodding ox can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: FvR
│
○│○
☖
○│○
│

Side flyer
  • Step: The side flyer can move one square in the four diagonal directions; or
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: FsR
○ ○
──☖──
○ ○

Flying stag and copper elephant
  • Step: The flying stag and copper elephant can move one square orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: KvR
│
○│○
○☖○
○│○
│

Vermillion sparrow
  • Step: The vermillion sparrow can move one square in the four orthogonal directions, or diagonally forward to the right or diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the left or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Notation: KflBbrB
╲
╲○○
○☖○
○○╲
╲

Turtle-snake
  • Ranging: The turtle-snake can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the right or backward to the left.
  • Step: It can move one square in any of the remaining directions.
  • Notation: KfrBblB
╱
○○╱
○☖○
╱○○
╱

Side boar
  • Step: The side boar can move one square orthogonally forward or backward; or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: KsR
○○○
──☖──
○○○

Left chariot
  • Ranging: The left chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the left.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally left.
  • Notation: lWfRfrBblB
│ ╱
│╱
○☖
╱
╱

Right chariot
  • Ranging: The right chariot can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward to the right.
  • Step: It can move one square orthogonally right.
  • Notation: rWfRflBbrB
╲ │
╲│
☖○
╲
╲

Great tiger
  • Step: The great tiger can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Notation: WbsR
○
──☖──
│
│

Right tiger
  • Step: The right tiger can move one square diagonally right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally left or diagonally left.
  • Notation: FlQ
╲
╲ ○
──☖
╱ ○
╱

Left tiger
  • Step: The left tiger can move one square diagonally left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally right or diagonally right.
  • Notation: FrQ
╱
○ ╱
☖──
○ ╲
╲

Great bear
  • Step: The great bear can move one square orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: WfQ
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○☖○
○

Running rabbit
  • Step: The running rabbit can move one square orthogonally or diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bKfQ
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
☖
○○○

Left army
  • Step: The left army can move one square orthogonally forward, backward, right or diagonally right.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line left, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: KlQ
╲
╲○○
──☖○
╱○○
╱

Right army
  • Step: The right army can move one square orthogonally forward, backward, left or diagonally left.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line right, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: KrQ
╱
○○╱
○☖──
○○╲
╲

Divine turtle
  • Step: The divine turtle can move one square diagonally forward to the left or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line along either rear diagonal, or diagonally forward to the right.
  • Notation: KfrBbB
╱
○○╱
○☖○
╱○╲
╱ ╲

Running wolf
  • Step: The running wolf can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fWfBsR
╲ ╱
╲○╱
──☖──

Flying hawk
  • Step: The flying hawk can move one square orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BfW
╲ ╱
╲○╱
☖
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Cannon chariot
  • Step: The cannon chariot can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: WfBvR
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○☖○
│
│

Dragon king
  • Ranging: A dragon king can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: RF
│
○│○
──☖──
○│○
│

Dragon horse
  • Ranging: A dragon horse can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Step: It can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: WB
╲ ╱
╲○╱
○☖○
╱○╲
╱ ╲

Free boar
  • Step: The free boar can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: WfsRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
○

Wind dragon
  • Step: The wind dragon can move one square diagonally backward to the left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, diagonally forward or diagonally backward to the right.
  • Notation: FfBbrBsR
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
──☖──
○ ╲
╲

Cloud dragon
  • Step: The cloud dragon can move one square orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BWbR
╲ ╱
╲○╱
○☖○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Rain dragon
  • Step: The rain dragon can move one square orthogonally or diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or backward; or diagonally backward.
  • Notation: WbsRFbB
○○○
──☖──
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Fire ox and fierce wind
  • Step: The fire ox and fierce wind can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward, forward or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: vQW
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○☖○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Huai river
  • Step: The Huai river can move one square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: WsQ
╲ ╱
╲○╱
──☖──
╱○╲
╱ ╲

Vertical tiger
  • Limited range: The vertical tiger can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fRbR2
│
│
│
☖
○
○

Wind snapping turtle
  • Limited range: The wind snapping turtle can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: fB2vR
│
○ │ ○
○│○
☖
│
│
│

Running tile, Running tiger and running bear
  • Limited range: The running tile, running tiger and running bear can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
  • Notation: vRsR2
│
│
○○☖○○
│
│

Gold stag
  • Ranging: The gold stag can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Notation: fBbB2
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
☖
○ ○
○ ○

Silver rabbit
  • Limited range: The silver rabbit can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward.
  • Notation: fB2bB
○ ○
○ ○
☖
╱ ╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Walking heron
  • Limited range: The walking heron can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: sR2fB2vR
│
○ │ ○
○│○
○○☖○○
│
│
│

Reed bird
  • Limited range: The reed bird can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: sR2bB2vR
│
│
│
○○☖○○
○│○
○ │ ○
│

Right dragon
  • Limited range: The right dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally right.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally left or diagonally left.
  • Notation: rR2lQ
╲
╲
───☖○○
╱
╱

Left dragon
  • Limited range: The left dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally left.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally right or diagonally right.
  • Notation: lR2rQ
╱
╱
○○☖───
╲
╲

Blue dragon
  • Ranging: The blue dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward to the right.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: sR2vRfrB
│ ╱
│╱
○○☖○○
│
│

White tiger
  • Ranging: The white tiger can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways, or diagonally forward to the left.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: vR2sRflB
╲
╲ ○
╲○
───☖───
○
○

Divine tiger
  • Limited range: The divine tiger can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways, or diagonally forward to the left.
  • Notation: bR2fsRflB
│
╲ │
╲│
──☖──
○
○

Divine dragon
  • Limited range: The divine dragon can move one or two squares orthogonally left.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, right, backward or diagonally forward to the right.
  • Notation: lR2vrRfrB
│ ╱
│╱
○○☖───
│
│

Running stag
  • Limited range: The running stag can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bR2sRfB
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
──☖──
○
○

Rear standard
  • Limited range: The rear standard can move one or two squares diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally
  • Notation: B2R
│
○ │ ○
○│○
───☖───
○│○
○ │ ○
│

Ceramic dove and Elephant king
  • Limited range: The ceramic dove and the elephant king can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions
  • Notation: R2B
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○☖○○
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ╲

Horseman and great foal
  • Limited range: The horseman and the great foal can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: sR2vRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
│
│
│

Woodland demon, free chicken and free dog
  • Limited range: The woodland demon, the free chicken and the free dog can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: sR2bB2vRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
○│○
○ │ ○
│

Running ox
  • Limited range: The running ox can move one or two squares backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bR2fsRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
───☖───
○
○

Chariot soldier
  • Limited range: The chariot soldier can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, orthogonally backward or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: sR2vQ
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Fire demon and Water ox
  • Limited range: The fire demon and water ox can move one or two squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: vR2sQ
The fire demon cannot burn other pieces as in tenjiku shogi.
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
───☖───
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ╲

Strong bear
  • Limited range: The strong bear can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: bR2fsQ
│
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲

Wind horse
  • Step: The wind horse can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: fFbR2fR
│
│
○│○
☖
○
○

Vertical bear and Vertical soldier
  • Step: The vertical bear and vertical soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bWsR2fR
│
│
○○☖○○
○

Tiger soldier
  • Step: The tiger soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bWfR2fB
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
☖
○

Earth dragon
  • Step: The earth dragon can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally backward.
  • Notation: fFbWfR2bB
○
○○○
☖
╱○╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Silver chariot
  • Step: The silver chariot can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: bFfB2vR
│
○ │ ○
○│○
☖
○│○
│
│

Stone chariot
  • Step: The stone chariot can move one square diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: fFsR2vR
│
○│○
○○☖○○
│
│

Side soldier
  • Step: The side soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: bWfR2sR
○
○
──☖──
○

Gold chariot
  • Step: The gold chariot can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: FsR2vR
│
○│○
○○☖○○
○│○
│

Boar soldier, leopard soldier and bear soldier
  • Step: The boar soldier, leopard soldier and bear soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: bWsR2fQ
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
○

Free pup, free ox, free horse and free pig
  • Step: The free pup, the free ox, the free horse and the free pig can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward; or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: FsR2vRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
○│○
│

Little standard
  • Step: The little standard can move one square diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RfB2bF
│
○ │ ○
○│○
───☖───
○│○
│
│

Copper chariot
  • Limited range: The copper chariot can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: fB3vR
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
☖
│
│
│
│

Forest demon
  • Limited range: The forest demon can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fsR3fBbR
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○○☖○○○
│
│
│
│

Great dragon
  • Limited range: The great dragon can move one to three squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BvR3
○
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
☖
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
○

Center standard and front standard
  • Limited range: The center standard and front standard can move one to three squares in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently. Uniquely, when a center standard promotes to a front standard, it gains no new abilities.
  • Notation: B3R
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
────☖────
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Great dove
  • Limited range: The great dove can move one to three squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: R3B
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○○☖○○○
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ╲

Great standard
  • Limited range: The great standard can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RbB3fB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
────☖────
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Vertical wolf
  • Step: The vertical wolf can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: sWbR3fR
│
│
│
│
○☖○
○
○
○

Side serpent
  • Step: The side serpent can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: bWfR3sR
○
○
○
──☖──
○

Cloud eagle
  • Step: The cloud eagle can move one square orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: sWfF3vWW
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
○☖○
│
│
│
│

Goose wing
  • Step: The goose wing can move one square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: FsW3vWW
│
○│○
○○○☖○○○
○│○
│

Horse soldier and ox soldier
  • Step: The horse soldier and ox soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Ranging: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • They have the same range of movement but promote differently.
  • Notation: bWsR3fQ
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
○

Spear general
  • Limited range: The spear general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bR2sR3fR
│
│
│
○○○☖○○○
○
○

Cannon general
  • Limited range: The cannon general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: bR2sR3fQ
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
○
○

Beast bird and fowl
  • Limited range: The beast bird and fowl can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: They can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BbR2sR3fR
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ╲

Great leopard
  • Step: The great leopard can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one, two or three squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bWsR2fRfB3
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
○○☖○○
○

Longbow soldier
  • Step: The longbow soldier can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bWsR2fRfB5
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
○○☖○○
○

Thunder runner
  • Limited range: The thunder runner can move one to four squares orthogonally sideways or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: bsR4fQ
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○○☖○○○○
○
○
○
○

Fire dragon
  • Limited range: The fire dragon can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RbB2fB4
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
─────☖─────
○│○
○ │ ○
│
│
│

Water dragon
  • Limited range: The water dragon can move one or two squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to four squares diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RfB2bB4
│
│
│
○ │ ○
○│○
─────☖─────
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Longbow general
  • Limited range: The longbow general can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, backward or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fBvRsR5
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
│
│

Stone peng
  • Limited range: The stone peng can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BsR5
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Mount Tai
  • Limited range: Mount Tai can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: BfsR5
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
╱ ╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Free demon
  • Limited range: The free demon can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions or orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: BvR5sR
○
○
○
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
──☖──
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
○
○
○

Free dream-eater
  • Ranging: The free dream-eater can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: vQsR5
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Free fire
  • Limited range: The free fire can move one to five squares orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: sQvR5
○
○
○
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
──☖──
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
○
○
○

Running dragon
  • Limited range: The running dragon can move one to five squares orthogonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward, sideways or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: fsQbR5
│
│
│
│
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
○
○
○

Great shark
  • Limited range: The shark can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RbB2fB5
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
──────☖──────
○│○
○ │ ○
│
│
│
│

Crossbow general
  • Limited range: The crossbow general can move one or two squares orthogonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares diagonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: bR2sR3fRfB5
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
○○○☖○○○
○
○

Playful parrot
  • Limited range: The playful parrot can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: bB2fB3sR5vR
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
○○○○○☖○○○○○
○│○
○ │ ○
│
│

Cassia horse
  • Jump: A cassia horse jumps at an angle intermediate between orthogonal and diagonal, amounting to one square forward plus one square diagonally forward, in a single motion. That is, it has a choice of two forward destinations.
  • The cassia horse ignores intervening pieces on the way to its destination, though its destination square must of course be either empty, or occupied by an opponent's piece, just as with any other moving piece.
  • Notation: ffN
☆ ☆
☖

Flying dragon
  • Jump: The flying dragon can jump to the second square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Because it cannot move orthogonally or to every diagonal square, a flying dragon can only reach one eighth of the squares on the board.
  • Notation: A
☆ ☆
☖
☆ ☆

Kirin
  • Step: A kirin can move one square orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally sideways.
  • Notation: FvWsD
○○○
☆ ☖ ☆
○○○

Phoenix
  • Step: The phoenix can move one square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: WA
☆ ☆
○
○☖○
○
☆ ☆

Flying cat
  • Step: The flying cat can move one square orthogonally backward or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square orthogonally forward or sideways, or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: bWbFfsHfG
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☖ ☆
○○○

Running horse
  • Step: The running horse can move one square orthogonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally or diagonally forward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square diagonally backwards.
  • Notation: bWbAfQ
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
☖
○
☆ ☆

Mountain hawk
  • Limited range: The mountain hawk can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: fDbB2RfB
╲ │ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲│╱
───☖───
○│○
○ │ ○
│

Little turtle
  • Limited range: The little turtle can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward, or in the four diagonal directions.
  • Notation: vQsR2vD
╲ ----
╲ ☆ ╱
╲│╱
○○☖○○
╱│╲
╱ ☆ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Great stag
  • Limited range: The great stag can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RfAbB2
│
☆ │ ☆
│
───☖───
○│○
○ │ ○
│

Left mountain eagle
  • Limited range: The left mountain eagle can move one or two squares diagonally backward to the right.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square along either left diagonal.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally left, diagonally forward to the right, or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RlAfBblBbrB2
╲ │ ╱
☆ │ ╱
╲│╱
───☖───
╱│○
☆ │ ○
╱ │

Right mountain eagle
  • Limited range: The right mountain eagle can move one or two squares diagonally backward to the left.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square along either right diagonal.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally right, diagonally forward to the left, or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: RrAblB2fBbrB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ☆
╲│╱
───☖───
○│╲
○ │ ☆
│ ╲

Kirin master and Great turtle
  • Limited range: The kirin master and great turtle can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: They can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally or orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump: They can jump to the third square orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Notation: vQvHsR3
╲ │ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ ☆ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Phoenix master
  • Limited range: The phoenix master can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally or orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square diagonally forward.
  • Notation: vQfGsR3
╲ │ ╱
☆ │ ☆
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Great master
  • Limited range: The great master can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square forward, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward, orthogonally or diagonally, or orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: fGfHbB5sR5fBvR
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Horned hawk
  • Ranging: The horned hawk can move as a queen.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: QfD
╲ │ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲│╱
───☖───
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Flying eagle
  • Jump: The flying eagle can jump to the second square diagonally forward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: QfA
╲ │ ╱
☆ │ ☆
╲│╱
───☖───
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Roaring dog
  • Limited range: The roaring dog can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line diagonally forward or in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Notation: HfGRbB3fB
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
─☆──☖──☆─
○│○
○ │ ○
○ ☆ ○
│

Lion dog
  • Jump: The lion dog can jump to the third square in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: QHG
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
─☆──☖──☆─
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
☆ ☆ ☆
╱ │ ╲

Great dream-eater
  • Jump: The great dream-eater can jump to the third square orthogonally sideways.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Notation: QsH
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
─☆──☖──☆─
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Heavenly horse
  • Jump: The heavenly horse jumps at an angle intermediate between orthogonal and diagonal, amounting to one square forward plus one square diagonally forward, in a single motion; or one square backward plus one square diagonally backward, in a single motion.
  • It ignores intervening pieces while jumping to its destination, though its destination square must of course be either empty, or occupied by an opponent's piece, just as with any other moving piece.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward.
  • Notation: vNfR
│
☆│☆
│
☖
☆ ☆

Spirit turtle
  • Jump: The spirit turtle can jump to the third square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
  • Notation: QH
╲ │ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
─☆──☖──☆─
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ ☆ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Treasure turtle
  • Jump: The treasure turtle can jump to the second square in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
  • Notation: QD
╲ │ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲│╱
─☆─☖─☆─
╱│╲
╱ ☆ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Wooden dove
  • Limited range: The wooden dove can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump plus limited range: It can jump to the third square in the four diagonal directions, and then move one or two squares in the same direction.
  • Notation: R2BG
╲ ╱
○ ○
○ ○
☆ ☆
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○☖○○
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
☆ ☆
○ ○
○ ○
╱ ╲

Center master
  • Limited range: The center master can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally or diagonally forwards or orthogonally backwards.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward or backward, or diagonally forward.
  • Notation: sR3bB3vDfAvRfB
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
╲│╱
○○○☖○○○
○│○
○ ☆ ○
○ │ ○
│

Peng master
  • Limited range: The peng master can move one to five squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Jump: It can jump to the third square in either forward diagonal direction.
  • Ranging: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line forward or orthogonally backward.
  • Notation: fGbB5fBsR5vR
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
☆ │ ☆
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
○○○○○☖○○○○○
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Free eagle
  • Ranging: The free eagle can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any orthogonal or diagonal direction.
  • Jump/ranging: It can jump up to 3 steps in any orthogonal or diagonal direction, or up to 4 steps if diagonally forward, and then continue moving any number of free squares in that direction.
  • Multi capture/ranging: It can capture all pieces on squares ① - ③, and then continue moving any number of free squares in that direction.
  • *When it is performing a multi-capture move, it must captureall pieces on squares ① - ③. It cannot jump to ② or ③ then start a multi-capture, and it cannot stop before reaching a ③ square.
  • It does not have to jump before moving or move after jumping.
  • It may move to an adjacent and return to its original square in the same move.
  • *This means it may capture a piece on an adjacent square without moving.
  • *This also means it may move to an adjacent empty square and immediately return, effectively staying put and passing the player's turn.
  • Notation: QDAHGf
╲ │ ╱
④☆ │ ④☆
③☆ ③☆ ③☆
②☆ ②☆ ②☆
①!①!①!
──③☆②☆①!☖①!②☆③☆──
①!①!①!
②☆ ②☆ ②☆
③☆ ③☆ ③☆
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Free bird
  • Limited range: The free bird can move one to three squares diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces diagonally forward, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
  • Notation: RbB3
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
3│3
────☖────
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Great hawk
  • Range: The great hawk can move any number of squares in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Jump and range: It can jump to the second square orthogonally forward before moving on in that direction.
  • Notation: QfD
│
╲ ☆ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
│

King of teachings
  • Jump and range: The king of teachings can jump up to three pieces along a straight line in any diagonal or orthogonal direction, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
  • Notation: HG
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
333
───3☖3───
333
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Mountain crane
  • Range: The mountain crane can move as a queen.
  • Jump and range: It can jump to the second, third or fourth square in any direction, then continue moving in that direction.
  • Notation: QDAHG
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
╲│╱
─☆☆☆─☖─☆☆☆─
╱│╲
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
☆ ☆ ☆
╱ │ ╲

Great eagle
  • Range: The great eagle can move as a queen.
  • Jump: It can jump to the second square in a forward diagonal direction, before continue moving in that direction.
  • Notation: Q
╲ │ ╱
☆ │ ☆
╲│╱
───☖───
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Great elephant
  • Limited range: The great elephant can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces in a straight line diagonally backward or in one of the four orthogonal directions, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
  • Notation: fB3
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○3○
───3☖3───
333
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Gold bird
  • Limited range: The gold bird can move one to three squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally forward or backward.
  • Jump and range: It can jump up to three pieces diagonally forward, and then optionally continue any number of free squares in that direction.
  • Notation: bF3sW3vF
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
3│3
○○○☖○○○
○│○
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
│

Ancient dragon
  • Range: The ancient dragon can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions.
  • Jump and range: It can jump over up to three squares pieces orthogonally forward or backward, before continue moving in that direction.
  • Notation: B
╲ │ ╱
╲3╱
☖
╱3╲
╱ │ ╲

Rain demon
  • Limited range: The rain demon can move one or two squares orthogonally sideways or diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares orthogonally forward.
  • Range: It can move any number of free squares in a straight line orthogonally backward, or diagonally forward.
  • Jump and range: It can jump to the second square along either forward diagonal, before moving on in that direction.
  • Notation: fR3sR2bB2bR
╲ ○ ╱
☆ ○ ☆
╲○╱
○○☖○○
○│○
○ │ ○
│
│

Flying general
  • Range capture: The flying general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any orthogonal direction, so long as they don't contain a royal or another range capturing piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  • Notation:, ignoring capturing restrictions
│
│
──☖──
│
│

Angle general
  • Range capture: The angle general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any diagonal direction, so long as they don't contain a royal or another range capturing piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  • Notation:, ignoring capturing restrictions
╲ ╱
╲ ╱
☖
╱ ╲
╱ ╲

Great general
  • Range capture: The great general can fly over any number of squares along a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally, as long as they don't contain a royal or another great general. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  • Notation:, ignoring capturing restrictions
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
──☖──
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲

Fierce dragon
  • Limited range: The fierce dragon can move one or two squares in the four orthogonal directions.
  • Range capture: It can fly over any number of pieces along one of the four diagonal directions, as long as they don't include a royal or another range capturing piece. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  • Notation: W2, ignoring capturing restrictions
╲ ╱
╲ ○ ╱
╲○╱
○○☖○○
╱○╲
╱ ○ ╲
╱ ╲

Flying crocodile
  • Limited range: The flying crocodile can move one or two squares diagonally backward.
  • Limited range: It can move one to three squares diagonally forward.
  • Range capture: It can jump any number of pieces in one of the four orthogonal directions, as long as these do not include a royal or another range capturing piece. Any piece it jumps over is removed from the board.
  • Notation: bB2fB3, ignoring capturing restrictions
│
○ │ ○
○ │ ○
○│○
────☖────
○│○
○ │ ○
│
│

Vice general
  • Jump: The vice general can jump to the second square in the four orthogonal directions. This is a standard jump.
  • Range capture: It can fly over any number of squares along one of the four diagonal directions, as long as they don't contain a royal, great general, or another vice general. All pieces it flies over are removed from the game.
  • Notation: D, ignoring capturing restrictions
╲ ╱
╲ ☆ ╱
╲ ╱
☆ ☖ ☆
╱ ╲
╱ ☆ ╲
╱ ╲

Hook mover
  • Hook move: The hook mover can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four orthogonal directions, then turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.
  • Notation: R
─┼─
│ ┼ │
┼┼☖┼┼
│ ┼ │
─┼─

Tengu
  • Hook move: The tengu can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions, then turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.
  • Notation: B
Unlike in other shogi variants, in taikyoku the tengu cannot move orthogonally, and therefore can only reach half of the squares on the board. This is the move of the capricorn, and may be an error.
╳ ╳
╳ ╳
☖
╳ ╳
╳ ╳

Capricorn
  • Hook move: The capricorn can move any number of free squares in a straight line in the four diagonal directions, then turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a perpendicular direction.
  • Notation: B. If the capricorn can also move one square orthogonally, the notation can be represented as WB
╳ ╳
╳ ╳
☖
╳ ╳
╳ ╳

╳ ╳
╳○╳
○☖○
╳○╳
╳ ╳

Peacock
  • Hook move: The peacock can move any number of free squares in a straight line along one of the two forward diagonals, then turn 90° and move any number of free squares in a straight line in a perpendicular diagonal direction.
  • Limited range: It can move one or two squares in one of the two rearward diagonals.
  • Notation: bB2fB
╳ ╱ ╲ ╳
╳ ╳
╱ ╳ ╳ ╲
╱ ☖ ╲
╱ ○ ○ ╲
○ ○

Heavenly tetrarch king
  • Range: The heavenly tetrarch king can move any number of free squares in a straight line in any direction, orthogonally or diagonally.
  • Jump and range: It can jump to the second square in any direction before moving on in that direction.
  • Notation: QDA
╲ │ ╱
☆ ☆ ☆
╲│╱
─☆─☖─☆─
╱│╲
☆ ☆ ☆
╱ │ ╲

Lion
  • Area move/double capture: The lion can step one square in any direction up to twice in a turn. It can change directions after its first step, and is not restricted to following one of the eight orthogonal or diagonal directions. That is, it can also step to one of the in-between squares that a knight jumps to in Western chess.
  • *Unlike the hook movers, it can continue after a capture on the first step, potentially capturing two pieces on each turn.
  • *By moving back to its starting square, it can effectively capture a piece on an adjacent square without moving. This is called 居喰い igui "stationary feeding".
  • *A similar move without capturing leaves the board unchanged, which is a way to pass a turn.
  • Jump: The lion can jump anywhere within two squares. This is equivalent to jumping in any of the eight diagonal or orthogonal directions, or making any of the jumps of a knight in Western chess.
  • Notation: KDAN
○○○○○
○○○○○
○○☖○○
○○○○○
○○○○○

☆☆☆☆☆
☆!!!☆
☆!☖!☆
☆!!!☆
☆☆☆☆☆

Furious fiend
  • Area move/double capture or jump: The furious fiend can move as a lion; or
  • Limited range: It can move three squares in any direction, orthogonal or diagonal.
  • Notation: Q3DAN
○○○○○
○○○○○
○○☖○○
○○○○○
○○○○○

☆☆☆☆☆
☆!!!☆
☆!☖!☆
☆!!!☆
☆☆☆☆☆

○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○
○○○
○○○☖○○○
○○○
○ ○ ○
○ ○ ○

Buddhist spirit
  • Area move/double capture: The Buddhist spirit can move as a lion, or
  • Range: It can move as a queen.
  • Notation: QDAN
○○○○○
○○○○○
○○☖○○
○○○○○
○○○○○

☆☆☆☆☆
☆!!!☆
☆!☖!☆
☆!!!☆
☆☆☆☆☆

╲ │ ╱
╲ │ ╱
╲│╱
───☖───
╱│╲
╱ │ ╲
╱ │ ╲

Lion hawk
  • Area move/double capture/ranging: The lion hawk can move as a lion or as a bishop.
  • Jump/ranging: It can leap to the second square in any diagonal direction.
  • Notation: WBDAN
○○○○○
○○○○○
○○☖○○
○○○○○
○○○○○

☆☆☆☆☆
☆!!!☆
☆!☖!☆
☆!!!☆
☆☆☆☆☆

╲ ╱
☆ ☆
╲ ╱
☖
╱ ╲
☆ ☆
╱ ╲