Tablespoon
A tablespoon is a large spoon. In many English-speaking regions, the term now refers to a large spoon used for serving. In some regions, it is the largest type of spoon used for eating.
By extension, the term is also used as a cooking measure of volume. In this capacity, it is most commonly abbreviated tbsp. or Tbsp. and occasionally referred to as a tablespoonful to distinguish it from the utensil. The unit of measurement varies by region: a United States liquid tablespoon is approximately 14.8 mL, exactly US fluid ounce; about 0.52 imperial fluid ounce. A British tablespoon is approximately 14.2 mL, exactly imperial fluid ounce; about 0.48 US fluid ounce.
An international metric tablespoon is exactly 15 mL, about 0.53 imperial fluid ounce or 0.51 US fluid ounce. An Australian metric tablespoon is 20 mL, about 0.7 imperial fluid ounce or 0.68 US fluid ounce. The capacity of the utensil, as opposed to the measurement, is defined by neither law nor custom but only by preferences, and may or may not significantly approximate the measurement.
Dining
Before about 1700, it was customary for Europeans to bring their own spoons to the table. Spoons were carried as personal property in much the same way as people today carry wallets, key rings, etc. From about 1700 the place setting became popular, and with it the "table-spoon", "table-fork" and "table-knife". Around the same time the tea-spoon and dessert-spoon first appeared. The table-spoon was reserved for eating soup. The 18th century witnessed a proliferation of different sorts of spoons, including the mustard-spoon, salt-spoon, coffee-spoon, and soup-spoon.In the late 19th century UK, the dessert-spoon and soup-spoon began to displace the table-spoon as the primary implement for eating from a bowl, at which point the name "table-spoon" took on a secondary meaning as a much larger serving spoon. In 1928, when the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was published, "tablespoon", which by then was no longer hyphenated, still had two definitions in the UK: the original definition and the new definition.
Victorian and Edwardian era tablespoons used in the UK are often 25 mL, about 0.88 imperial fluid ounce or 0.85 US fluid ounce, or sometimes larger. They are used only for preparing and serving food, not as part of a place-setting. Common tablespoons intended for use as cutlery, called dessert spoons in the UK, where a tablespoon is always a serving spoon, usually hold 7–14 mL, about 0.25–0.49 imperial fluid ounce or 0.24–0.47 US fluid ounce, considerably less than some tablespoons used for serving.
Culinary measure
Naming
In recipes, an abbreviation like tbsp. is usually used to refer to a tablespoon, to differentiate it from the smaller teaspoon. Some authors capitalize the abbreviation, as Tbsp., while leaving tsp. in lower case, to emphasize that the larger tablespoon, rather than the smaller teaspoon, is wanted. The tablespoon abbreviation is sometimes abbreviated to Tb. or T.Traditional definitions
In most places, one tablespoon equals three teaspoons. In Australia, one tablespoon equals four teaspoons.International metric
An international metric tablespoon is exactly equal to 15 mL. It is the equivalence of 1 metric dessert spoons or 3 metric teaspoons.Australian metric
The Australian metric tablespoon is different from that of the rest of the world. The Australian official definition of the tablespoon as a unit of volume is:This definition was promulgated by the Metric Conversion Board in the 1970s, as part of the country's metrication process. There is not a distinct Australian metric dessert spoon or metric teaspoon.
United Kingdom
In the UK, 1 tablespoon is traditionally 4 British imperial fluid drachms .United States
The traditional U.S. interpretation of the tablespoon as a unit of volume is:In nutrition labeling in the U.S., a tablespoon is defined as 15 mL, about 4.22 British imperial fluid drachms or 4.06 US customary fluid drams, 0.51 US customary fluid ounce.