Sulbactam

Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor. This drug is given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit β-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that destroys the antibiotics.
It was patented in 1977 and approved for medical use in 1986.

Medical uses

The combination ampicillin/sulbactam is available in the United States.
The combination cefoperazone/sulbactam is available in many countries but not in the United States.
The co-packaged combination sulbactam/durlobactam was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2023.

Mechanism

Sulbactam is primarily used as a suicide inhibitor of β-lactamase, shielding more potent beta-lactams such as ampicillin. Sulbactam itself contains a beta-lactam ring, and has weak antibacterial activity by inhibiting penicillin binding proteins 1 and 3, but not 2.