List of stellar streams


This is a list of stellar streams. A stellar stream is an association of stars orbiting a galaxy. It was once a globular cluster or dwarf galaxy that has now been torn apart and stretched out along its orbit by tidal forces. An exception in the list about Milky Way streams given below is the Magellanic Stream, composed of gas, although in 2023 a population of stars has been described inside it.

Local Group streams

Milky Way streams

NameOriginMass
Length
CompositionDiscovery year
Arcturus streamDefunct dwarf galaxyUnknownUnknownOld stars deficient in heavy elements1971
Magellanic StreamLarge and Small Magellanic Clouds200 million1 millionHydrogen gas1972
Sagittarius StreamSagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy100 million1 millionWide variety of stars1994
Helmi streamDefunct dwarf galaxy10—100 millionSeveral complete loops around the Milky WayOld stars deficient in heavy elements1999
Palomar 5 stream Globular cluster Palomar 55,00030,000Old stars2001
Virgo streamDefunct dwarf galaxy30,0002001
Monoceros ringCanis Major Overdensity100 million200,000Intermediate age stars2002
Anticenter streamDefunct dwarf galaxyUnknown30,000Old stars2006
GD-1Globular clusterMetal-poor stars2006
NGC 5466 stream
45 Degree tidal stream
Globular cluster NGC 546610,00060,000Very old stars2006
Orphan streamUnknown source Unknown20,000Old stars2006
Acheron streamGlobular cluster2007
Boötes III streamEmbedded in, and possible progenitor of the Styx stream2007
Cocytus streamGlobular cluster2007
Lethe streamGlobular cluster10,00018,000Old, metal-poor stars2007
Styx streamDefunct dwarf galaxy 2007
Cetus Polar StreamDefunct dwarf galaxyUnknownUnknownOld stars2009
Aquarius StreamDefunct dwarf galaxyUnknown30,000Old stars2010
Lamost 1Disrupted globular cluster21,000Intermediate-age stars2015
Phoenix StreamDisrupted globular clusterUnknown8,000Very old stars2016
S1 Streamdisrupted dwarf galaxy942017
Fimbulthul streamGlobular cluster Omega Centauri3182019
Pisces-Eridanus streamdisrupted cluster or association2,0001,300very young nearby stream2019
Nyx streamremnant of a disrupted dwarf galaxy — long-ago galaxy mergerabout 200 stars2020
Specter streamdisrupted ultra-faint dwarf galaxy2,00018,0002022

Andromeda Galaxy streams

NameOriginMass
Length
CompositionDiscovery year
M31 Giant stellar stream
Andromeda NE stellar stream2004
Tidal Stream Northwest disrupted dwarf galaxies2009
Tidal Stream Southwest2009
East Cloud
North Spur
Stream A
Stream B
Stream C
Stream D

Streams beyond the Local Group

Due to new deeper sky surveys, such as the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey, a large number of streams are to be expected to be discovered in the future. An initial search in 2023 by Martínez-Delgado et al. searched 389 galaxies and found 89 candidates with stellar streams. They plan to search about 3100 galaxies, which might yield hundreds of candidates. In the pasts less sensitive surveys such as SDSS were only able to detect the brightest stellar streams.
NameLocationOriginMass
Length
CompositionCharacteristicsDiscovery year
Young Blue Tidal StreamNGC 5128A gas fragment or
a dwarf galaxy
2002
stream 947-4966NGC 4013former dwarf satellite
with low inclination orbit
large looping structure2008
9477-J0949.4-STO 749988 NGC 5907low-mass satellite accretionmultiple surrounding loops2009
NGC 4651satellite accretionnarrow jet-like structure and surrounding debris shell2010
NGC 3521satellite accretionjet-like structure and surrounding debris shell2010
NGC 7531satellite accretionsurrounding debris shell2010
NGC 1084satellite accretionthree giant disconnected plumes of similar width2010
NGC 4216satellite accretionongoing tidal disruption of satellite galaxies
seen as long tails extending from the progenitor satellite
2010
NGC 1055satellite accretionclear box shaped inner halo sprinkled with a plethora of coherent spikes2010
NGC 5291galaxy interactiontwo separate tidal tails to the north and south?
petal of the sunflowerMessier 63 dwarf satellite accretion4x1081979/2011
NGC 5387satellite accretion6x10811.7 kpcyoung starsenhanced star formation, metal-poor2014
feather on the hatMessier 104 major mergerextremely metal rich2021
NGC 4303leftovers of a dwarf galaxy that was torn apart by M61's gravity2x10850 kpcfirst stellar stream discovered with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory2025