Sphyriidae


Sphyriidae is a family of marine copepods in the order Siphonostomatoida.

Taxonomy and history

The family Sphyriidae was established by Charles Branch Wilson in 1919 with Sphyrion as the type genus. Wilson erected the family to include the existing genera of Opimia, Rebelula, Sphyrion, and Trypaphylum and the newly described genera of Paeon and Periplexus. Eight genera are currently recognised.

Ecology

Adult female sphyriids are sessile mesoparasites of marine fishes, burrowing into the tissue of their hosts and anchoring themselves in place by expanding the cephalothorax or using a holdfast organ.
Species of Driocephalus, Norkus, Opimia, and Tripaphylus are parasites of epipelagic elasmobranchs, attaching to branchial or olfactory lamellae, while species of Lophoura, Paeonocanthus, Periplexis, and Sphyrion are parasites of mesopelagic to bathypelagic teleosts, attaching to body musculature. Adult males are sometimes observed attached to adult females.

Classification

This family includes the following genera:Driocephalus Raibaut, 1999Lophoura Kölliker, 1853Norkus Dojiri & Deets, 1988Opimia Wilson, 1908Paeonocanthus Kabata, 1965Periplexis Wilson, 1919Sphyrion Cuvier, 1830Tripaphylus Richiardi, 1878