Solar eclipse of October 19, 1865


An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, October 19, 1865, with a magnitude of 0.9263. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus. An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only about 9 hours after apogee, the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.
The path of annularity was visible from parts of modern-day Washington, Oregon, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Arkansas, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Senegal, Mauritania, and Mali. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of North America, Central America, the Caribbean, northern South America, Western Europe, West Africa.

Description

The greatest eclipse was at 16:21:14 UTC at 21.3°N 60.2°W northeast of Antigua and Barbuda and lasted 9 min 27 sec. The maximum width of band was 326 km.
The eclipse was visible in North America, Central America, the Caribbean South America including, the northern parts of Peru and Bolivia and most of Brazil, the westernmost parts of Africa and Europe. Areas that were in the edge of the eclipse included the Galapagos Islands. In North America, it occurred in the morning, in South America, midday and in Africa and Europe, near the evening hours.
Areas that were inside the umbral portion included the United States such as parts of the north of the state Oregon, Washington Territory, close to the 49th parallel and distant from the Pacific, Idaho, the Cheyenne and the Lakota areas, Nebraska Territory, the states of Kansas, Missouri, southern Illinois, southern Indiana, western Kentucky, much of Tennessee, the northeast corner of Alabama, parts of the north of Georgia, the west of North Carolina and nearly all of South Carolina. Off the coast of Africa, it included the Cape Verdean Islands of Sotavento and Boa Vista Island, at the time a Portuguese colony. In Africa, it included most of Senegal, at the time a French colony, southern Agawedj and parts of Mali.

Other

In many parts of Brazil except for the south, it was the third consecutive solar eclipse that took place, all of it appeared as partial, the last two were on October 30, 1864 and April 25, 1865, both with an umbral portion in one part.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
EventTime
First Penumbral External Contact1865 October 19 at 13:25:25.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1865 October 19 at 14:37:23.4 UTC
First Central Line1865 October 19 at 14:41:00.2 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1865 October 19 at 14:44:39.3 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1865 October 19 at 16:03:30.6 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1865 October 19 at 16:21:13.4 UTC
Greatest Duration1865 October 19 at 16:26:46.3 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1865 October 19 at 16:27:39.9 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1865 October 19 at 17:58:00.8 UTC
Last Central Line1865 October 19 at 18:01:39.5 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1865 October 19 at 18:05:15.8 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1865 October 19 at 19:17:08.8 UTC

ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.92627
Eclipse Obscuration0.85798
Gamma0.53659
Sun Right Ascension13h37m34.8s
Sun Declination-10°09'34.2"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'04.2"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.8"
Moon Right Ascension13h38m06.1s
Moon Declination-09°41'45.0"
Moon Semi-Diameter14'42.0"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°53'56.8"
ΔT5.2 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
October 4
Descending node
October 19
Ascending node
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 115		Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 141

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 1865

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 141

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1862–1866

The partial solar eclipses on June 27, 1862 and December 21, 1862 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on March 16, 1866 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Metonic series

All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.