Slovak Ore Mountains
The Slovak Ore Mountains are an extensive mountain range within the Carpathian Mountains, located mostly in Slovakia's Spiš [region, Slovakia|Spiš] and Gemer region, with a small part in northern Hungary. It is the largest mountain range in Slovakia. Geomorphologically, the Slovak Ore Mountains belong to the Inner Western Carpathians.
The mountains are bordered by Zvolen in the west, Košice in the east, the rivers Hron and Hornád in the north, and the Juhoslovenská kotlina and Košice Basin in the south. The region includes the Domica Cave, one of the largest caves in Europe, Zádiel canyon and Krásna Hôrka Castle.
Subdivision
Geomorphologically, the Slovak Ore Mountains are grouped within the Inner Western Carpathians. The mountains do not have a central ridge - they consist of several independent sections, geomorphological regions:- Vepor Mountains
- Spiš-Gemer Karst
- Stolica Mountains
- Revúca Highlands
- Volovec Mountains
- Black Mountain
- Rožňava Basin
- Slovak Karst and Aggtelek Karst
Characteristics
Basic data:Since this is a very extensive geomorphological unit, no general characterization is appropriate. The geomorphological structure is varied and has crystalline, Mesozoic and volcanic rocks.
The mountains were, as the name suggests, heavily mined but activity died out during the 19th century. There is evidence of copper mining since at least the Early Bronze Age. which grew in importance during the early modern period. Deposits included ores of copper, lead, silver, gold, zinc and some iron. From 1494 one of the first multinational corporations was set up by the Thurzó and Fugger families to take advantage of the region's valuable economic resources.
The towns of Banská Bystrica, Špania Dolina and Ľubietová were important centers of mining: in 1692, the first modern blast furnace in the Kingdom of Hungary was built in Ľubietová.