Search and rescue in Russia


Search and Rescue in the Russian Federation is coordinated by the service of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations and includes a set of control bodies, forces and means designed to solve problems in the prevention and response to emergency situations. The basis of the service is search and rescue units.

History

The modern system of search and rescue was created in accordance with the Order of the Government of Russia of July 28, 1992 No. 528 on the basis of tourist and mountaineering rescue services, points and centers.
The Search and Rescue Service is a subordinate institution of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and is intended to carry out search and rescue operations in emergency situations of a natural and man-made nature.

Marine rescue

In 1923, the Special Purpose Underwater Expedition was created in the Soviet Union. Until 1931, it was under the jurisdiction of the OGPU, in 1931 it was transferred to the NKPS, in 1936 - to the People's Commissariat of Water Transport, in 1939 - to the People's Commissariat of the Marine Fleet. EPRON has become a powerful specialized monopoly organization for carrying out rescue, ship-lifting and diving operations. It had its own structural units in the Baltic, Black Sea, Northern, Pacific fleets and the Caspian military flotilla. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, EPRON was included in the Soviet Navy, and in 1942 it was reorganized into the Navy Rescue and Ship Lifting Service, which in 1944 was transformed into the Navy Rescue Service.
By Order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated August 23, 1956 No. 5128-, the implementation of ship lifting and underwater technical work for national economic purposes for all civilian departments was transferred to the USSR MMF. These functions were to be performed by the Main Directorate of Sea Routes, Ship Lifting and Underwater Technical Works of the USSR MMF, which began to create on January 1, 1957, the corresponding units in all sea basins as part of the basin organizations of sea routes. Auxiliary watercraft and diving equipment were transferred to the Main Sea Route of the MMF from the ACS of the Navysfn|Lebedev|2014|pp=24—33sfn|Lebedev|2013|pp=72—75sfn|Lebedev|2014|pp=24—33sfn|Lebedev|2014|pp=24—33sfn|Neptun|2016|p=21