Russian federal highways


Russian federal highways are the most important highways in Russia that are federal property. The following motorways are designated as federal.
  • All highways
  • * that connect Moscow with the capitals of the neighbouring countries and with the administrative centres of the subjects of the Russian Federation. They are identified by the prefix "M" in the national route signs;
  • * that are parts of the international road networks: European and Asian, identified by prefixes "E" and "AH" in the international route signs used simultaneously with the national route signs.
  • Some highways
  • *that connect administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation with each other
  • *that are branching and bridging roads :
  • ** access roads that lead to major transportation nodes and special objects
  • ** access roads from the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation which has no highway connection with Moscow to the nearest sea and river ports and to the international borders.
  • **which interlink other federal highways.
The federal highways are classified in Russia into two categories:
  • "motorways/Avtomagistral", not the same as the English term motorway
  • "other".

    Roads of regional and intermunicipal importance

The local importance roads in Russia are designated with a letter prefix and a number as well as the OKATO code for the region.
These roads use the following prefixes:
  • P: Highways of federal or regional significance connecting the administrative centers of the Russian Federation
  • A: Highways that are branching and bridging roads:
  • * access roads that lead to major transportation nodes and special objects
  • * access roads from the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation which has no highway connection with Moscow to the nearest sea and river ports and to the international borders
  • * which interlink other federal highways
  • K: for other roads of regional importance
  • N: for roads of intermunicipal significance

    Network map

Federal highways

HighwayRouteLengthNotes
Image:M1-RUS.svg|70px|link=M1 highway |M1Moscow to the border with Belarus
Image:M2-RUS.svg|70px|link=M2 highway |M2Moscow - Tula - Orel - Kursk - Belgorod to the border with Ukraine
Image:M3-RUS.svg|70px|link=M3 highway |M3Moscow - Kaluga - Bryansk to the border with Ukraine
Image:M4-RUS.svg|70px|link=M4 highway |M4Moscow - Voronezh - Rostov-on-Don - Krasnodar - NovorossiyskOne of three fully-fledged nationwide motorways in Russia alongside M11 and M12
Image:M5-RUS.svg|70px|link=M5 highway |M5Moscow - Ryazan’ - Penza - Samara - Ufa - Chelyabinsk
Image:M7-RUS.svg|70px|link=M7 highway |M7Moscow - Vladimir - Nizhny Novgorod - KazanOriginally continued to Ufa; this is planned to become portions of M12, R240 and R243
Image:M8-RUS.svg|70px|link=M8 highway |M8Moscow - Yaroslavl - Vologda - Arkangelsk
Image:M9-RUS.svg|70px|link=M9 highway |M9Moscow - Volokolamsk to the border with Latvia
Image:M10-RUS.svg|70px|link=M10 highway |M10Moscow - Tver’ - Velikiy Novgorod - Saint PetersburgOriginally continued to Finnish border, but this was redesignated A181 in 2018
Image:M11-Green-RUS.svg|70px|link=Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway|M11Moscow – Saint PetersburgOne of three fully-fledged nationwide motorways in Russia alongside M4 and M12
Image:M12-RUS.svg|70px|link=M12 highway |M12Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod - Kazan - Yekaterinburg - Tyumen' , ~ 'As of 2024, the stretch of M12 between Moscow and Kazan has been completed and put to operation; the rest of the motorway is under construction
Image:P21-RUS.svg|70px|link=R21 highway |R21Saint Petersburg - Petrozavodsk - Murmansk - Pechenga to the border with NorwayFormer M18
Image:P22-RUS.svg|70px|link=R22 highway |R22Tambov - Volgograd - AstrakhanFormer M6
Image:P23-RUS.svg|70px|link=R23 highway |R23Saint Petersburg - Pskov - Pustoshka - Nevel to the border with BelarusFormer M20
Image:P56-RUS.svg|70px|link=R56 highway |R56Veliky Novgorod - Soltsy - Porkhov - PskovFormer A116
Image:P92-RUS.svg|70px|link=R92 highway |R92Kaluga - Peremyshl’ - Belev - Orel
Image:P119-RUS.svg|70px|link=R119 highway |R119Orel - Livny - Elets - Lipetsk - Tambov
Image:P120-RUS.svg|70px|link=R120 highway |R120Orel - Bryansk - Smolensk to the border with BelarusFormer A141
Image:P132-RUS.svg|70px|link=Golden Ring Road |R132Yaroslavl - Kostroma - Ivanovo - Vladimir - Gus-Khrustalny - Ryazan - Mikhailov - Tula - Kaluga - Vyazma - Rzhev - Tver - Uglich - YaroslavlBypass for M3; Russia's longest ring road
R150Belgorod - Starobelsk - Luhansk – Donetsk – MariupolRuns through occupied Ukraine
Image:P158-RUS.svg|70px|link=R158 highway |R158Nizhny Novgorod - Saransk - Issa - Penza - Saratov
Image:P176-RUS.svg|70px|link=Vyatka Highway|R176Cheboksary - Yoshkar-Ola - Kirov - SyktyvkarFormer A119
R177Nizhny Novgorod - Yoshkar-Ola
R178Saransk - Surskoye - Ulyanovsk to route M5 "Ural"Continues to Samara as 73R-178 and 36P-170
R193Voronezh - Tambov
R207Penza - Balashov - Mikhailovka to route R260
R208Tambov - Penza
Image:P215-RUS.svg|70px|link=R215 highway |R215Astrakhan - Kochubey - Kizlyar - Makhachkala
R216Astrakhan - Elista - StavropolFormer A154
Image:P217-RUS.svg|70px|link=R217 highway |R217Route M4 "Don" - Vladikavkaz - Grozny - Makhachkala to the border with AzerbaijanFormer M29
R228Syzran - Saratov - Volgograd
R229Samara - Pugachev - Engels - Volgograd
Image:P239-RUS.svg|70px|link=R239 highway |R239Kazan - Orenburg - Akbulak to the border with Kazakhstan
R240Ufa - Orenburg
R241Kazan - Buinsk - Ulyanovsk
R243Kostroma - Sharya - Kirov - Perm
Image:P254-RUS.svg|70px|link=R254 highway |R254Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Omsk - NovosibirskFormer M51
Image:P255-RUS.svg|70px|link=R255 highway |R255Novosibirsk - Kemerovo - Krasnoyarsk - IrkutskFormer M53
Image:P256-RUS.svg|70px|link=R256 highway |R256Novosibirsk - Barnaul - Gorno-Altaysk to the border with MongoliaFormer M52
Image:P257-RUS.svg|70px|link=R257 highway |R257Krasnoyarsk - Abakan - Kyzyl - Chadan - Khandagayty to the border with MongoliaFormer M54
Image:P258-RUS.svg|70px|link=R258 highway |R258Irkutsk - Ulan-Ude - ChitaFormer M55
R260Volgograd - Kamensk-Shakhtinsky - LuhanskFormer M21 and A260; runs through occupied Ukraine
R280Rostov-on-Don - Mariupol - Melitopol - SimferopolRuns through occupied Ukraine
Image:P297-RUS.svg|70px|link=R297 highway |R297Chita - Never - Svobodnyy - Arkhara - Birobidzhan - KhabarovskFormer M58
Image:P298-RUS.svg|70px|link=R298 highway |R298Kursk - Voronezh to route R22Former A144
Image:P354-RUS.svg|70px|link=R354 highway |R354Yekaterinburg - Shadrinsk - Kurgan
Image:P402-RUS.svg|70px|link=R402 highway |R402Tyumen - Yalutorovsk - Ishim - Omsk
Image:P404-RUS.svg|70px|link=R404 highway |R404Tyumen - Tobol’sk - Khanty-Mansiysk
Image:P504-RUS.svg|70px|link=R504 highway |R504Yakutsk - MagadanFormer M56 "Kolyma"
Image:A103-RUS.svg|70px|link=A103 highway |A103Moscow - Shchëlkovo to route A107
Image:A104-RUS.svg|70px|link=A104 highway |A104Moscow - Dmitrov - Dubna
Image:A105-RUS.svg|70px|link=A105 highway |A105access road from Domodedovo AirportFormer portion of route M4
Image:A106-RUS.svg|70px|link=Rublyovo-Uspenskoye Highway|A106Moscow-ZvenigorodFormer A105
Image:A107-RUS.svg|70px|link=Moscow Small Ring Road|A107Iksha - Noginsk - Bronnitsy - Golitsyno - Istra - Iksha
Image:A108-RUS.svg|70px|link=Moscow Big Ring Road|A108Dmitrov - Sergiev Posad - Orekhovo-Zuevo – Voskresensk - Mikhnevo - Balabanovo - Ruza - Klin - Dmitrov
Image:A109-RUS.svg|70px|link=A109 highway |A109Krasnogorsk - Petrovo-Dalnee; connection to route A106 and entrance to state dacha No. 7
Image:A110-RUS.svg|70px|link=A110 highway |A110access road from highway A108 to the "Semonovskoye" facility
Image:A111-RUS.svg|70px|link=A111 highway |A111access road from route M10 to the state complex "Zavidovo"
Image:A112-RUS.svg|70px|link=A112 highway |A112Chepelëvo - Velyaminovo
Image:A113-RUS.svg|70px|link=Central Ring Road |A113Circular roadway in Moscow Oblast and Moscow
Image:A114-RUS.svg|70px|link=A114 highway |A114Vologda - Tikhvin to highway R21
Image:A118-RUS.svg|70px|link=Saint Petersburg Ring Road|A118Beltway around Saint Petersburg
Image:A119-RUS.svg|70px|link=A119 highway |A119Vologda - Medvezhyegorsk to highway R21Former R5
Image:A120-RUS.svg|70px|link=Saint Petersburg Southern Half Ring Road|A120Kirovsk - Mga - Gatchina - Bol’shaya Izhora
Image:A121-RUS.svg|70px|link=A121 highway |A121Saint Petersburg - Sortavala to route R21Former A129
Image:A122-RUS.svg|70px|link=A122 highway |A122Route A114 – Ustyuzhna - Kresttsy - Yazhelbitsy - Velikiye Luki - NevelOne portion former M10
Image:A123-RUS.svg|70px|link=A123 highway |A123Chekshino - Totma - Kotlas - Kuratovo
Image:A130-RUS.svg|70px|link=A130 highway |A130Moscow - Maloyaroslavets - Roslavl to the border with BelarusFormer A101
Image:A132-RUS.svg|70px|link=A132 highway |A132access road from highway M1 to Smolensk
Image:A133-RUS.svg|70px|link=A133 highway |A133access road from highway M4 to Lipetsk
Image:A134-RUS.svg|70px|link=A134 highway |A134access road from route M4 to Voronezh
Image:A135-RUS.svg|70px|link=A135 highway |A135access road from route M4 to Rostov-on-Don
Image:A136-RUS.svg|70px|link=A136 highway |A136access road from route M4 to Krasnodar
A137Route R21 - Tiksha - Ledmozero - Kostomuksha to the border with Finland
Image:A142-RUS.svg|70px|link=A142 highway |A142Trosna - Kalinovka
Image:A146-RUS.svg|70px|link=A146 highway |A146Krasnodar - Verkhnebakansky
Image:A147-RUS.svg|70px|link=A147 highway |A147Dzhubga - Sochi to the border with AbkhaziaFormer M27
Image:A148-RUS.svg|70px|link=A148 highway |A148Route A147 to the Sochi bypass
Image:A149-RUS.svg|70px|link=A149 highway |A149Adler - Krasnaya PolyanaFormer A148
Image:A151-RUS.svg|70px|link=A151 highway |A151Tsivilsk - Ulyanovsk
Image:A154-RUS.svg|70px|link=A154 highway |A154Urvan - Verkhnyaya Balkariya - UshtuluFormer R291
Image:A155-RUS.svg|70px|link=Sukhumi Military Road|A155Cherkessk - Dombay to the border with Abkhazia
Image:A156-RUS.svg|70px|link=A156 highway |A156Access roads from A155 to international holiday resort "Arkhyz" and the specialized Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of SciencesFormer portion of A155
Image:A157-RUS.svg|70px|link=A157 highway |A157Mineralnye Vody Airport - Kislovodsk
Image:A158-RUS.svg|70px|link=A158 highway |A158Prokhladnyy - Baksan - ElbrusOne section former R289
Image:A159-RUS.svg|70px|link=A159 highway |A159access road from Maikop to the Caucasian State Biosphere ReserveFormer R254
Image:A160-RUS.svg|70px|link=A160 highway |A160Maikop - Bzhedugkhabl - Adygeysk - Ust-Labinsk - KorenovskFormer R253
Image:A161-RUS.svg|70px|link=Georgian Military Road|A161Vladikavkaz - Nizhniy Lars to the border with GeorgiaFormer R301
Image:A162-RUS.svg|70px|link=A162 highway |A162Vladikavkaz - AlagirFormer R297
Image:A163-RUS.svg|70px|link=A163 highway |A163access road from highway R217 to Vladikavkaz Airport
Image:A164-RUS.svg|70px|link=A164 highway |A164Kardzhin - Alagir - Nizhniy Zaramag to the border with South OssetiaFormer R297 and R298
Image:A165-RUS.svg|70px|link=A165 highway |A165Lermontov - CherkesskFormer A156
Image:A167-RUS.svg|70px|link=A167 highway |A167Kochubey - Neftekumsk - Zelenokumsk - Mineralnye VodyFormer R263 and R285
Image:A180-RUS.svg|70px|link=A180 highway |A180Saint Petersburg to the border with EstoniaFormer M11
Image:A181-RUS.svg|70px|link=A181 highway |A181Saint Petersburg - Vyborg to the border with FinlandFormer portion of M10
Image:A212-RUS.svg|70px|link=A212 highway |A212Pskov - Izborsk to the border with Estonia
A215Lodeynoe Pole - Vytegra - Prokshino - Plesetsk - Brin-NavolokFormer R37
Image:A216-RUS.svg|70px|link=A216 highway |A216Gvardeisk - Neman to the border with Lithuania
A217Kaliningrad - Svetlogorsk
Image:A229-RUS.svg|70px|link=A229 highway |A229Kaliningrad - Chernyakhovsk - Nesterov to the border with Lithuania
Image:A240-RUS.svg|70px|link=A240 highway |A240Bryansk - Novozybkov to the border with BelarusFormer M13
A258Highway M4 - Kantermirovka - Luhansk
Image:A270-RUS.svg|70px|link=A270 highway |A270Route M4 - Novoshakhtinsk to the border with LPR/UkraineFormer M19
A289Krasnodar - Slavyansk-on-Kuban - Temryuk to route A290Former 03K-579
Image:A290-RUS.svg|70px|link=A290 highway |A290Novorossiysk - Kerch, entrances to Port Kavkaz and Anapa AirportFormer M25; runs through occupied Ukraine
Image:A291-RUS.svg|70px|link=Tavrida Highway|A291Kerch - Simferopol - SevastopolFormer 35P-001, 35P-003 and 35N-113; runs through occupied Ukraine
Image:A295-RUS.svg|70px|link=A295 highway |A295Yoshkar-Ola - Zelenodolsk to route M7Former R175
Image:A298-RUS.svg|70px|link=A298 highway |A298Route R208 - Saratov - Pristannoe - Ershov - Ozinki to the border with Kazakhstan
Image:A300-RUS.svg|70px|link=A300 highway |A300Samara - Bolshaya Chernigovka to the border with KazakhstanFormer M32
Image:A305-RUS.svg|70px|link=A305 highway |A305Orenburg - Ilek to the border with KazakhstanFormer R335
Image:A310-RUS.svg|70px|link=A310 highway |A310Chelyabinsk - Troitsk to the border with KazakhstanFormer M36
Image:A320-RUS.svg|70px|link=A320 highway |A320Omsk - Cherlak to the border with KazakhstanFormer M38
A321Barnaul - Pavlovsk to the border with Kazakhstan
Image:A322-RUS.svg|70px|link=A322 highway |A322Barnaul - Rubtsovsk to the border with KazakhstanFormer A349
Image:A331-RUS.svg|70px|link=A331 highway |A331Tulun - Bratsk - Ust’-Kut - Mirnyy - YakutskFormer R419
Image:A333-RUS.svg|70px|link=A333 highway |A333Kultuk - Mondy to the border with MongoliaFormer A164
Image:A340-RUS.svg|70px|link=A340 highway |A340Ulan-Ude - Kyakhta to the border with MongoliaFormer A165
Image:A350-RUS.svg|70px|link=A350 highway |A350Chita - Zabaykalsk to the border with ChinaFormer A166
Image:A360-RUS.svg|70px|link=A360 Lena Highway|A360Never - YakutskFormer M56 "Lena"
Image:A361-RUS.svg|70px|link=A361 highway |A361Route A360 to the border with China
Image:A370-RUS.svg|70px|link=A370 highway |A370Khabarovsk - VladivostokFormer M60
A371Vladivostok - Ostrov
Image:A375-RUS.svg|70px|link=A375 Highway|A375Khabarovsk - Krasnyy Yar - Ariadnoe - Chuguevka - Nakhodka
A376Khabarovsk - Lidoga - Vanino - Komsomolsk-on-AmurFormer 08A-1
Image:A384-RUS.svg|70px|link=A384 highway |A384access road from Anadyr to Anadyr Airport
Image:A391-RUS.svg|70px|link=A391 highway |A391Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - KorsakovFormer R488
Image:A392-RUS.svg|70px|link=A392 highway |A392Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - KholmskFormer R495
A393Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - OkhaFormer R495
Image:A401-RUS.svg|70px|link=A401 highway |A401access road from the Port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy to Elisovo Airport