List of Russian censuses
A Russian census is a census of the population of Russia. Such a census has occurred at various irregular points in the history of Russia.
Introduced in 1897 during the Russian Empire, the census took place decennially since 2010 according to the UN standards. Preparing and organizing the census is under the authority of the Federal State Statistics Service, branch of the Ministry of Economic Development since 2017.
History
| Year | Territory | Total population | Rank | Density per km2 | Change | Urban population | Share | Males | Share | Females | Share | Largest city | Second largest city | Ethnic Russians | Share | Ethnic minorities | Notes |
| 1897 | 20 121 420 | 125 640 021 | 3rd | 6.24 | 0.0% | 16 828 395 | 13.4% | 62 477 348 | 49.7% | 63 162 673 | 50.3% | St. Petersburg | Moscow ( | 55 667 469 | 44.3% | Ukrainians |