Russia at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Russia competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's third consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics as an independent nation. The Russian Olympic Committee sent a total of 446 athletes to the Games, 244 men and 202 women, to compete in all sports, except baseball, field hockey, football, and softball.
Russia left Athens with a total of 90 Olympic medals – 28 golds, 26 silver, and 36 bronze – finishing second only to the United States in the overall medal standings, and third in the gold medal tally. The Russian delegation proved particularly successful in several sports, winning a total of nineteen medals in athletics, ten each in shooting and wrestling, seven in gymnastics and weightlifting, six in boxing, and five in cycling and judo. From the twenty-four sports played by the athletes, twelve of them won more than a single Olympic medal. Russian athletes dominated in rhythmic gymnastics and synchronized swimming, where they won gold medals in every event. Among Russia's team-based athletes, the indoor volleyball teams, along with men's handball and water polo and women's basketball, claimed Olympic medals in their respective tournaments.
Among the nation's medalists were synchronized swimming pair Anastasia Davydova and Anastasiya Yermakova, who both won gold in the women's duet and team routines, pole vaulter Yelena Isinbayeva, who later emerged as Russia's most promising track star in the decade, and Greco-Roman wrestler Khasan Baroev, who sought revenge for Russia on Aleksandr Karelin's defeat from Sydney to take home the super heavyweight title. Five-time Olympian Andrey Lavrov helped the men's handball team beat the Hungarians on his quest for the bronze medal and fourth medal overall in his fifth and final Olympic appearance.
As of 2021, this is Russia's best ever result in terms of overall medals and second-best result in terms of gold medals.
Medalists
Archery
Five Russian archers qualified each for the men's and women's individual archery, and a spot for the women's team.;Men
;Women
Athletics
Russian athletes achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events. On 23 August 2004, shot putter Irina Korzhanenko was stripped of her gold medal and received a lifetime ban by the International Olympic Committee after she tested positive for the steroid stanozolol. On 5 December 2012, Korzhanenko's teammate Svetlana Krivelyova was ordered to hand back her bronze, as the drug re-testings of her samples were positive.;Men
;Track & road events
;Field events
;Combined events – Decathlon
;Women
;Track & road events
;Field events
;Combined events – Heptathlon
Basketball
Women's tournament
;Roster;Group play
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;Quarterfinals
;Semifinals
;Bronze medal game
; Won bronze medal
Boxing
Russia sent eleven boxers to Athens. With three gold medals and three bronze medals, Russia was the second most successful nation at boxing in Athens, behind only Cuba. Like Cuba, Russia sent a boxer to Athens in each of the eleven weight classes. Only one of the Russians came away without any victories, as he faced a Cuban in the first round. In all, four Russian boxers fell to the Cuban team while only one Russian was able to win against the Cubans. In addition to the six medallists, three more Russians made it to the quarterfinals.Canoeing
Sprint
;Men;Women
Qualification Legend: Q = Qualify to final; q = Qualify to semifinal
Cycling
Road
;Men;Women
Track
;Sprint;Pursuit
;Time trial
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Tamilla Abbasova | Women's time trial | 35.147 | 12 |
| Svetlana Grankovskaya | Women's time trial | 34.797 | 9 |
;Omnium
| Athlete | Event | Points | Laps | Rank |
| Mikhail Ignatiev | Men's points race | 93 | 4 | |
| Olga Slyusareva | Women's points race | 20 | 0 | |
| Oleg Grishkin Alexey Shmidt | Men's madison | 1 | −2 | 17 |
Diving
Russian divers qualified for eight individual spots at the 2004 Olympic Games. Four Russian synchronized diving teams qualified through the 2004 FINA Diving World Cup.;Men
;Women
Fencing
;Men;Women
Gymnastics
Artistic
;Men;Team
;Individual finals
;Women
;Team
;Individual finals
Handball
Men's tournament
;Roster;Group play
;Quarterfinals
;Semifinals
;Bronze medal match
; Won bronze medal
Judo
Eleven Russian judoka qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics.;Men
;Women
Modern pentathlon
Four Russian athletes qualified to compete in the modern pentathlon event through the European and UIPM World Championships.Rowing
Russian rowers qualified the following boats:;Men
;Women
Qualification Legend: FA=Final A ; FB=Final B ; FC=Final C ; FD=Final D ; FE=Final E ; FF=Final F ; SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; SE/F=Semifinals E/F; R=Repechage
Sailing
Russian sailors qualified one boat for each of the following events.;Men
;Women
;Open
M = Medal race; OCS = On course side of the starting line; DSQ = Disqualified; DNF = Did not finish; DNS= Did not start; RDG = Redress given
Shooting
Twenty-four Russian shooters qualified to compete in the following events:;Men
;Women
Swimming
Russian swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events :;Men
;Women
Synchronized swimming
Nine Russian synchronized swimmers qualified a spot in the women's team.Table tennis
Six Russian table tennis players qualified for the following events.;Men
;Women
Taekwondo
Two Russian taekwondo jin qualified for the following events.Tennis
Russia nominated four male and five female tennis players to compete in the tournament.;Men
;Women
Triathlon
Three Russian triathletes qualified for the following events.Volleyball
Men's tournament
;Roster;Group play
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;Quarterfinals
;Semifinals
;Bronze medal final
; Won bronze medal
Women's tournament
;Roster;Group play
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;Quarterfinals
;Semifinals
;Gold medal final
; Won silver medal
Water polo
Men's tournament
;Roster;Group play
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;Quarterfinals
;Semifinals
;Bronze medal final
; Won bronze medal
Women's tournament
;Roster;Group play
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;Quarterfinals
;Classification 5th–6th
Weightlifting
Nine Russian weightlifters qualified for the following events:;Men
;Women
Wrestling
;Men's freestyle;Men's Greco-Roman
;Women's freestyle