Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes


Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes is a subgenus of the genus Rhododendron, with a widespread distribution in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are evergreen shrubs and small to medium-sized trees, with medium-sized to large leaves. The flowers are large, produced in terminal trusses of 5-40 together.
The subgenus includes two sections, Rhododendron sect. Ponticum, divided into 24 subsections and about 140 species, and Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera.

Cultivation

This subgenus includes the majority of the larger evergreen rhododendrons widely grown as ornamental plants. Some species, notably Rhododendron ponticum, have escaped from cultivation and become invasive in some regions such as New Zealand.

Ponticum

Section Ponticum includes:

Arborea

Rhododendron subsect. Arborea is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 4 species of trees native to East Asia.

Argyrophylla

Rhododendron subsect. Argyrophylla is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 23 species of shrubss native to East Asia. This section is distinguished by its silvery white, pale yellow or yellowish-brown hairs on the abaxial leaf surface.

Barbata

Rhododendron subsect. Barbata is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 5 species of small trees native to East Asia.

Campanulata

Rhododendron subsect. Campanulata is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 2 species of shrubs native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron campanulatum China, Bhutan, India, Nepal
Rhododendron gannanense China

Campylocarpa

Rhododendron subsect. Campylocarpa is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 6 species of shrubs with campanulate shaped flowers native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron callimorphum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron campylocarpum China Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal,
Rhododendron henanense China
Rhododendron longicalyx China
Rhododendron souliei China
Rhododendron wardii China

Falconera

Rhododendron subsect. Falconera is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 14 species of shrubs and trees with thick leaves that have yellow veins and red brown hairs on the underside that are native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron arizelum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron basilicum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron coriaceum China
Rhododendron falconeri Nepal, India, Bhutan
Rhododendron fictolacteum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron galactinum China
Rhododendron hodgsonii China, Bhutan, India, Nepal
Rhododendron mechukae India
Rhododendron preptum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron rex China Myanmar
Rhododendron rothschildii China
Rhododendron semnoides China
Rhododendron sinofalconeri China, Vietnam
Rhododendron titapuriense India

Fortunea

Rhododendron subsect. Fortunea is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 37 species of shrubs or trees native to East Asia.

Fulgensia

Rhododendron subsect. Fulgensia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 3 species of shrubs with glossy leaves that have dark brown hairs on the underside native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron fulgens China, Bhutan, India, Nepal
Rhododendron miniatum China
Rhododendron rawatii India

Fulva

Rhododendron subsect. Fulva is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes comprising 2 species of shrubs native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron fulvum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron uvariifolium China

Glischrum

Rhododendron subsect. Glischrum is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes comprising 9 species of shrubs native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron adenosum China
Rhododendron crinigerum China
Rhododendron diphrocalyx China
Rhododendron glischroides Myanmar
Rhododendron glischrum China India, Myanmar
Rhododendron habrotrichum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron recurvoides Myanmar
Rhododendron spilotum Myanmar
Rhododendron vesiculiferum China, Myanmar

Grandia

Rhododendron subsect. Grandia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes that comprises 15 species of trees with large leaf blades covered with trichomes native to East Asia.

Griersoniana

Rhododendron subsect. Griersoniana is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes that contains a single species of shrub.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron griersonianum China, Myanmar

Maculifera

Rhododendron subsect. Maculifera is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes that contains 15 species of shrubs or small trees with tomentose stems and rough bark.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron anwheiense China
Rhododendron longesquamatum China
Rhododendron maculiferum China
Rhododendron morii Taiwan
Rhododendron ochraceum China
Rhododendron pachyphyllum China
Rhododendron pachysanthum Taiwan
Rhododendron pachytrichum China
Rhododendron pilostylum China
Rhododendron polytrichum China
Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Taiwan
Rhododendron sikangense China
Rhododendron strigillosum China
Rhododendron subroseum China
Rhododendron ziyuanense China

Lanata

Rhododendron subsect. Lanata contains 6 species of small trees found in east asia

Parishia

Rhododendron subsect. Parishia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes that contains 8 species of small trees found in east asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron elliottii India, Assam
Rhododendron facetum China, Myanmar, Vietnam
Rhododendron flavoflorum China
Rhododendron huidongense China
Rhododendron kyawii China, Myanmar
Rhododendron parishii Myanmar
Rhododendron schistocalyx China
Rhododendron urophyllum China

Pontica

Rhododendron subsect. Pontica is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 13 species of shrubs to small trees native to North America, Europe, and East Asia.

Selensia

Rhododendron subsect. Selensia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 8 species of shrubs to small trees with campanulate flowers.

Taliensia

Rhododendron subsect. Taliensia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 57 species of shrubs and small trees with their leaves covered with indumentum.

Thomsonia

Rhododendron subsect. Thomsonia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 17 species of small trees with reddish flowers and peeling red bark native to East Asia.
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron bonvalotii China
Rhododendron cerasinum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron cyanocarpum China
Rhododendron eclecteum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron eurysiphon China
Rhododendron faucium China
Rhododendron hookeri China, India
Rhododendron hylaeum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron meddianum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron megalanthum China
Rhododendron populare China
Rhododendron ramipilosum China
Rhododendron sherriffii China
Rhododendron stewartianum China, Myanmar
Rhododendron subansiriense Bhutan, India
Rhododendron thomsonii China, Bhutan, India, Nepal,
Rhododendron viscidifolium China

Williamsiana

Rhododendron subsect. Williamsiana is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 2 species
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron venator China
Rhododendron leishanicum China

Pentanthera

Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera is a section of subgenus Hymenanthes in the genus Rhododendron. It comprises 15-16 species of deciduous shrubs native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
It includes two subsections:
  • Pentathera
  • Sinensia

Pentanthera

Species include:
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron alabamense Alfred Rehder, 1921 United States
Rhododendron arborescens John Torrey, 1824United States
Rhododendron atlanticum Alfred Rehder, 1921United States
Rhododendron austrinum Rehder 1917United States
Rhododendron calendulaceum John Torrey, 1824United States
Rhododendron canadense Torr.Canada in Newfoundland and extends into eastern Ontario and the United States from New York, New Jersey, and at high altitudes in the Appalachian Mountains further south to Pennsylvania.
Rhododendron canescens Sweet 1889United States
Rhododendron colemanii Ronald F. Miller, 2008United States
Rhododendron cumberlandense Emma Lucy Braun, 1941United States
Rhododendron eastmanii Kathleen Anne Kron, 1999United States
Rhododendron flammeum Sarg. 1917United States
Rhododendron luteum Sweet 1911 southern Russia; and in Asia
Rhododendron occidentale Torr. & A.Gray 1876United States
Rhododendron periclymenoides Shinners 1962 United States
Rhododendron prinophyllum Millais 1917 Eastern United States
Rhododendron prunifolium Millais 1917United States
Rhododendron viscosum Torr. 1824 Eastern United States

Sinensia

Species include:
ImageNameDistribution
Rhododendron molle S. China
Rhododendron japonicum Japan.

The section is closely related to sect. Rhodora, differing from it in the flower corolla having five fully developed lobes, whereas sect. Rhodora has the upper three lobes joined into a single three-lipped lobe.

Cultivation

Most of the cultivated azaleas belong to species in this section, and hybrids derived from them.