Restoration scale in nonequilibrium optical vortex fields
Restoration scale in nonequilibrium optical vortex fields is a scholarly work, published in 2009 in ''Physical Review A, Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics''. The main subjects of the publication include physics, charge density, vortex, topological defect, electronic circuit topology, field, topological quantum number, optical vortex, condensed matter physics, plasmonics, coherence length, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, optical tweezers, and classical mechanics. The restoration scale---i.e., the propagation distance necessary to achieve equilibrium---is found to be inversely proportional to both the wavelength and initial vortex density and a logarithmic function of the topological charge of a cell.