Regionalliga Nord
The Regionalliga Nord is the fourth tier of the German [football league system] in the states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen and Hamburg. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Südwest and the Regionalliga West. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the third tier.
From 1963 to 1974, a Regionalliga Nord existed as the second tier of the German football league system, but it is not related to the current Regionalliga.
Overview
The Regionalliga Nord was introduced in 1994 along with three other Regionalligas, those being:The reason for its introduction was to create a highest regional league for the north of Germany and to allow its champions, and some years the runners-up too, to be directly promoted to the 2nd Bundesliga. Prior to the introduction of the four Regionalligas, the leagues below the second division were the Oberligas, in which there was ten. Those ten Oberliga champions had to go through a promotion play-off rather than being directly promoted. The champions of the Regionalligas Nord and Nordost however had to play-off for a spot in the 2nd Bundesliga from 1996 to 2000. The winner of this contest was promoted, the loser faced the runners-ups of the Regionalligas Süd and West/Südwest for another spot in the second division.
The Regionalliga Nord was direct continuation of the Oberliga Nord, which was disbanded in 1994 in favour of the Regionalliga. Fourteen out of sixteen Oberliga Nord clubs qualified for the new league, only the bottom two teams were relegated to the two new Oberligas.
To replace the Oberliga Nord below the Regionalliga, two new leagues were formed, those being the Oberligas Niedersachsen/Bremen and Hamburg/Schleswig-Holstein. These two leagues were in turn disbanded in 2004 when the Oberliga Nord was reformed.
In 2001, Union Berlin of this league became only the second Regionalliga side to reach a German Cup final, losing 2−0 to Schalke 04.
With the league changes in Germany in 2008, the Oberliga Nord was again disbanded and the level below the Regionalliga Nord in this region were the five Verbandligas. This required a promotion play-off for this league winners as there were not five promotion spots available for their region. No changes were made in the NOFV region, where the two Oberligas Nord and Süd remained.
The following four teams were promoted to the Regionalliga from 2009:
- NOFV-Oberliga Nord champions
- NOFV-Oberliga Süd champions
- Lower Saxony champions, being the winner of the home-and-away series of the champions of the Oberliga Niedersachsen-West and Ost; since 2010 that Oberliga is a single division
- Winner of the promotion play-off for the champions of the Oberliga Hamburg, Bremen and Schleswig-Holstein, and the Oberliga Niedersachsen runners-up
League history
Founding members
The Regionalliga Nord was formed in 1994 with 18 clubs, fourteen from the Oberliga Nord and one each from the Verbandsligas of Niedersachsen, Bremen, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein.The founding members were:
From the Oberliga Nord:
- Kickers Emden
- Eintracht Braunschweig
- VfL Osnabrück
- VfL Herzlake
- TuS Hoisdorf
- VfB Oldenburg
- Holstein Kiel
- Werder Bremen II
- VfB Lübeck
- Hamburger SV II
- VfL 93 Hamburg
- TuS Celle
- 1. SC Göttingen 05
- SV Lurup
From the Verbandsliga Hamburg:
From the Verbandsliga Bremen:
From the Verbandsliga Niedersachsen:
The "new" Regionalliga Nord was actually a reformation of the "old" Regionalliga Nord which operated from 1963 to 1974 in the same region but then as the second tier of German football. Unlike the "old" Regionalliga, the new one allowed reserve teams to compete in it.
Expansion of the league in 2000
After six seasons, in 2000, the number of Regionalligas was reduced from four to two. Only the Regionalligas Süd and Nord survived. The clubs of the other two were spread according to their geographical location.Only the teams placed two to six were permitted to remain in the league. The league champion, VfL Osnabrück, was promoted to the 2nd Bundesliga and all clubs from place seven to eighteen were relegated to the Verbandsligas. The league was expanded to nineteen teams and fourteen clubs from the 2nd Bundesliga, Regionalliga West/Südwest and Regionalliga Nordost were admitted.
Remaining in the Regionalliga Nord:
Relegated from the 2nd Bundesliga:
Admitted from the Regionalliga West/Südwest:
- Preußen Münster
- SC Verl
- SG Wattenscheid 09
- KFC Uerdingen 05
- Rot-Weiß Essen
- Fortuna Düsseldorf
- Borussia Dortmund II
The league reform in 2008
With the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 and of a third Regionalliga, the Regionalliga West, the league became the fourth tier of German football. The clubs from North Rhine-Westphalia left the league again and joined the new Regionalliga West.The make up of the leagues was:
- Winner and runners-up of the Regionalliga Nord qualified for the 2nd Bundesliga
- Clubs placed third to tenth went to the new 3. Liga
- Clubs placed eleventh to eighteen remained in the Regionalligas
- The five best teams from the Oberliga Nord joined the Regionalliga. The sixth placed team played-off with the five Verbandsliga winners from this region for one more place in the Regionalliga.
- The three best teams from the NOFV-Oberliga Nord and Süd each and a play-off winner of the two fourth placed teams.
Remaining in the Regionalliga Nord:
From the Oberliga Nord:
From the NOFV-Oberliga Nord:
From the NOFV-Oberliga Süd:
- Chemnitzer FC
- Hallescher FC
- VFC Plauen
- Sachsen Leipzig
The league reform in 2012
In October 2010, another reform of the Regionalligas expanded the number of leagues to five, with the Nordost clubs leaving the Regionalliga Nord to form their own Regionalliga Nordost once more. The new system came into operation in the 2012–13 season. It was also decided to limit the number of reserve teams per Regionalliga to seven.The league reform in 2019
As four teams were relegated from the 3. Liga at the end of the 2018–19 season, the champions of the Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Südwest and Regionalliga West were promoted directly to the 3. Liga and the remaining two champions, VfL Wolfsburg II of the Regionalliga Nord and Bayern Munich II of the Regionalliga Bayern, played a two-legged promotion play-off for the last promotion spot, which was won by Bayern Munich II. In 2020, the three direct promotion spots went to the champions of the Regionalliga Südwest, Regionalliga Nord and Regionalliga Bayern, while the Nordost and the West champions participated in the play-off. This format was installed initially as a temporary solution until the DFB-Bundestag in September 2019 decided on a format that could have enabled all Regionalliga champions to be promoted. On that date, the Bundestag delegates voted to grant the Südwest and West champions two direct promotions indefinitely from 2021, with the third direct promotion place rotating between the Regionalliga Nord, Nordost and Bavarian champions. The representatives from the two remaining Regionalligen enter a two-legged play-offs to determine the fourth promotion place.Winners and runners-up of the Regionalliga Nord
The winners and runners-up of the league:- Promoted teams in bold.
Season abandoned in April 2021 with Weiche Flensburg leading the north division and Werder Bremen II leading the south division. TSV Havelse were nominated for the promotion play-offs.
League statistics
The top goalscorers and attendance figures for the league are:| Season | Total attendance | Average attendance | Best supported club | Average attendance | Top scorer | Goals |
| 1994-95 | 492,629 | 1,610 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 4,351 | Christian Classen | 26 |
| 1995-96 | 438,798 | 1,434 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 4,854 | Hakan Cengiz | 21 |
| 1996-97 | 587,484 | 1,920 | Hannover 96 | 9,789 | Hakan Cengiz | 28 |
| 1997-98 | 680,620 | 2,224 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 9,181 | Markus Erdmann | 34 |
| 1998-99 | 642,357 | 2,099 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 7,456 | Daniel Bärwolf | 26 |
| 1999-2000 | 710,524 | 2,322 | VfL Osnabrück | 9,347 | Daniel Bärwolf Marinus Bester | 25 |
| 2000-01 | 1,108,917 | 3,242 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 9,993 | Daniel Teixeira | 32 |
| 2001-02 | 1,152,064 | 3,764 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 11,921 | Veselin Gerov Daniel Teixeira | 19 |
| 2002-03 | 936,297 | 3,060 | Rot-Weiss Essen | 9,482 | Dmitrijus Guščinas | 23 |
| 2003-04 | 1,472,089 | 4,811 | FC St. Pauli | 17,335 | Markus Feldhoff | 22 |
| 2004-05 | 1,547,950 | 4,526 | FC St. Pauli | 16,144 | Ahmet Kuru | 24 |
| 2005-06 | 1,577,563 | 4,613 | FC St. Pauli | 17,296 | Thomas Reichenberger | 17 |
| 2006-07 | 1,823,720 | 5,333 | FC St. Pauli | 16,775 | Thomas Reichenberger Massimo Cannizzaro | 17 |
| 2007-08 | 1,863,662 | 5,449 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 14,889 | Mahir Saglik | 27 |
| 2008-09 | 529,200 | 1,729 | 1. FC Magdeburg | 8,626 | Wojciech Pollok | 22 |
| 2009-10 | 373,460 | 1,220 | 1. FC Magdeburg | 5,491 | Daniel Frahn | 29 |
| 2010-11 | 447,721 | 1,463 | 1. FC Magdeburg | 4,586 | Benjamin Förster | 25 |
| 2011-12 | 530,449 | 1,733 | RB Leipzig | 7,401 | Daniel Frahn | 26 |
| 2012-13 | 234,898 | 816 | Holstein Kiel | 3,628 | Rogier Krohne | 24 |
| 2013–14 | 184,493 | 603 | SV Meppen | 1,825 | Addy-Waku Menga | 25 |
| 2014–15 | 220,635 | 721 | VfB Lübeck | 1,723 | Ahmet Arslan | 19 |
| 2015–16 | 229,239 | 726 | VfB Oldenburg | 2,201 | Dino Međedović | 23 |
| 2016–17 | 216,199 | 707 | SV Meppen | 2,645 | Benjamin Girth | 20 |
| 2017–18 | 186,006 | 606 | VfB Lübeck | 1,426 | Törles Knöll | 20 |
| 2018–19 | 187,623 | 613 | VfB Lübeck | 2,152 | Daniel Hanslik | 19 |
| 2019–20 | 167,053 | 792 | VfB Lübeck | 3,114 | Ahmet Arslan | 16 |
| 2020–21 | 31,551 | 322 | VfB Oldenburg | 688 | Eren Dinkçi | 7 |
Placings in the Regionalliga Nord
Current extent of league
Final league positions for clubs from the region currently covered by the league:Former extent of league
Final league positions for clubs from the regions formerly covered by the league:| Club | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
| RB Leipzig ‡ | 4 | 3 | RL | 3L | 2B | 2B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | B | ||||||||||||||||
| Union Berlin ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 1 | 2B | 2B | 2B | 19 | 12 | 4 | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | B | B | B | B | B | B | |
| Fortuna Düsseldorf † | 2B | B | B | 2B | 2B | RL | 16 | 17 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | B | B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | ||
| SC Paderborn † | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 14 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | B | 2B | 3L | 3L | 2B | B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | |
| 1. FC Magdeburg ‡ | RL | RL | RL | 12 | 3 | 11 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 18 | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | 2B | 3L | 3L | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | ||||||||
| Preußen Münster † | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 5 | 15 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 15 | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 2B | ||
| Erzgebirge Aue ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 7 | 9 | 1 | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 3L | 3L |
| Dynamo Dresden ‡ | B | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 7 | 2 | 2B | 2B | 7 | 8 | 3L | 3L | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 3L | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | 2B | 3L | 3L | 3L | ||
| SC Verl † | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 6 | 11 | 15 | 18 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | ||||
| Borussia Dortmund II † | RL | RL | 18 | 5 | 10 | 16 | 14 | 13 | RL | 3L | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | ||||||
| Rot-Weiß Essen † | RL | RL | 2B | RL | RL | 13 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2B | 1 | 2B | 12 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | ||
| Hallescher FC ‡ | 2 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | ||||||||||||||
| Carl Zeiss Jena ‡ | RL | 2B | 2B | 2B | RL | RL | RL | 2 | 2B | 2B | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||
| Chemnitzer FC ‡ | 2B | 2B | RL | RL | RL | 2B | 2B | 6 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||
| Fortuna Köln † | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 4 | 18 | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||
| Babelsberg 03 ‡ | RL | RL | RL | 2 | 2B | 16 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||
| Rot-Weiß Oberhausen † | RL | RL | RL | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 17 | 2 | 2B | 2B | 2B | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||
| ZFC Meuselwitz ‡ | 10 | 11 | 9 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||||||||
| Hertha BSC Berlin II ‡ | RL | RL | RL | 13 | 7 | 18 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 14 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||
| Borussia Mönchengladbach II † | 16 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||||||
| 1. FC Köln II † | 9 | 14 | 12 | 18 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||
| Wuppertaler SV † | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 4 | 5 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||
| FC Schalke 04 II † | 16 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||||||||
| Rot-Weiß Erfurt ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 2B | 14 | 11 | 7 | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||
| KFC Uerdingen † | B | B | 2B | 2B | 2B | RL | 12 | 5 | 10 | 7 | 10 | RL | RL | RL | 3L | 3L | 3L | RL | RL | ||||||||||||
| VFC Plauen ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | 14 | 7 | 14 | 10 | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||||||||||||
| Berliner AK 07 ‡ | 7 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rot-Weiß Ahlen † | RL | RL | RL | RL | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 2B | 13 | 1 | 2B | 2B | 3L | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||
| Germania Halberstadt ‡ | 16 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Tennis Borussia Berlin ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | 2B | 2B | 19 | 15 | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||||||||||||
| SG Wattenscheid 09 † | 2B | 2B | RL | 2B | 2B | RL | 11 | 4 | 4 | 15 | 16 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | ||||||||||||
| Bayer Leverkusen II † | RL | RL | 8 | 17 | 11 | 17 | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | |||||||||||||||||||
| Energie Cottbus II ‡ | 14 | 18 | 10 | 15 | RL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Türkiyemspor Berlin ‡ | 15 | 13 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Arminia Bielefeld II † | 18 | RL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hansa Rostock II ‡ | 10 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FC Sachsen Leipzig ‡ | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | RL | 14 | 17 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dresdner SC ‡ | RL | RL | 9 | 16 | 18 |