Quadrigyridae
Quadrigyridae is the only family within Gyracanthocephala, an order of parasitic worms of class Eoacanthocephala. This family contains two subfamilies, ten genera and about 92 species.
Species
Species in Quadrigyridae are divided into two subfamilies: Pallisentinae Van Cleave, 1928 with five genera and Quadrigyrinae Van Cleave, 1920 with three.Pallisentinae Van Cleave, 1928
Acanthogyrus
Golvan in 1959 divided the genus Acanthogyrus Thapar, 1927 into two subgenera: Acanthogyrus and Acanthosentis based on the number of proboscis hooks; there are 18 in Acanthosentis and 24 in Acanthogyrus.Acanthogyrus Thapar, 1927Acanthogyrus acanthogyrus Thapar, 1927Acanthogyrus tripathi Rai, 1967
Acanthogyrus Verma and Datta, 1929Acanthogyrus acanthuri Acanthogyrus adriaticus Amin, 2005Acanthogyrus alternatspinus Amin, 2005Acanthogyrus anguillae Acanthogyrus antespinus Acanthogyrus arii Acanthogyrus bacailai Acanthogyrus barmeshoori Amin, Gholami, Akhlaghi and Heckmann, 2013Acanthogyrus betwai Acanthogyrus bilaspurensis Acanthogyrus cameroni Acanthogyrus cheni Amin, 2005Acanthogyrus dattai Acanthogyrus giuris Acanthogyrus gobindi Acanthogyrus golvani Acanthogyrus heterospinus Acanthogyrus holospinus Acanthogyrus indicus Acanthogyrus intermedius Acanthogyrus lizae Acanthogyrus malawiensis Amin and Hendrix, 1999 Acanthogyrus maroccanus Acanthogyrus multispinus Wang, 1966Acanthogyrus nigeriensis Dollfus and Golvan, 1956Acanthogyrus papilo Troncy and Vassiliades, 1974Acanthogyrus parareceptaclis Amin, 2005 Acanthogyrus partispinus Acanthogyrus paucispinus Wang, 1966Acanthogyrus periophthalmi Acanthogyrus phillipi Acanthogyrus putitorae Acanthogyrus scomberomori Acanthogyrus seenghalae Acanthogyrus shashiensis Acanthogyrus shuklai Acanthogyrus siamensis Acanthogyrus similis Acanthogyrus sircari Acanthogyrus thapari Acanthogyrus tilapiae Acanthogyrus vancleavei 'Acanthogyrus vittatusi'''''
Hexaspiron
Hexaspiron Dollfus and Golvan, 1956 contains two species:Hexaspiron nigericum Dollfus and Golvan, 1956Hexaspiron spinibarbi Yu and Wang, 1977Palliolisentis
Palliolisentis Machado-Filho, 1960 contains three species:Palliolisentis ornatus Machado-Filho, 1960Palliolisentis polyonca Schmidt and Hugghins, 1973Palliolisentis quinqueungulis Machado-Filho, 1960Pallisentis
Pallisentis Van Cleave, 1928 is divided into three subgenera: Brevitritospinus, Demidueterospinus, and Pallisentis with 26 species:Pallisentis channai Gupta, Maurya and Saxena, 2015Pallisentis vinodai Gupta, Maurya and Saxena, 2015Pallisentis Amin, Heckmann, Ha, Luc and Doanh, 2000Pallisentis allahabadii Agarwal, 1958Pallisentis cavasii Gupta and Verma, 1980Pallisentis croftoni Mital and Lal, 1981Pallisentis fasciati Gupta and Verma, 1980Pallisentis fotedari Gupta and Sinha, 1991Pallisentis guntei Sahay, Nath, and Sinha, 1967Pallisentis indica Mital and Lal, 1981Pallisentis mehrai Gupta and Fatma, 1986Pallisentis punctati Gupta, Gupta, and Singhal, 2015 Pallisentis vietnamensis Amin, Heckmann, Ha, Luc and Doanh, 2000
Pallisentis Amin, Heckmann, Ha, Luc and Doanh, 2000Pallisentis basiri Farooqi, 1958Pallisentis ophiocephali
Pallisentis Van Cleave, 1928Pallisentis celatus Pallisentis cholodkowskyi Pallisentis chongqingensis Liu and Zhang, 1993Pallisentis clupei Gupta and Gupta, 1980Pallisentis colisai Sarkar, 1956Pallisentis gaboes Pallisentis garuai Pallisentis gomtii Gupta and Verma, 1980Pallisentis guptai Gupta and Fatma, 1986Pallisentis jagani Koul, Raina, Bambroo and Koul, 1992Pallisentis kalriai Khan and Bilqees, 1985Pallisentis magnum Saeed and Bilgees, 1971Pallisentis nagpurensis' Pallisentis nandai Sarkar, 1953Pallisentis pesteri Pallisentis rexus Wongkham and Whitfield, 1999Pallisentis singaporensis Khan and Ip, 1988Pallisentis sindensis Khan and Bilqees, 1987 Pallisentis umbellatus Van Cleave, 1928'Pallisentis ussuriensis'''''
Pararaosentis
Pararaosentis Amin, Heckmann, Ha, Luc and Doanh, 2000 contains only one species:'Pararaosentis golvani'''''Raosentis
Raosentis Datta, 1947 contains five species:Raosentis dattai Gupta and Fatma, 1986Raosentis godavarensis Vankara and Vijayalakshmi, 2009 Raosentis ivaniosi George and Nadakal, 1978Raosentis podderi Datta, 1947Raosentis thapari Rai, 1967Triaspiron
Triaspiron Smales, Aydogdu and Emre, 2012 contains only one species:Triaspiron aphanii Smales, Aydogdu and Emre, 2012Quadrigyrinae Van Cleave, 1920
Acanthodelta
Acanthodelta Diaz-Ungria and Gracia-Rodrigo, 1958 contains one species:- 'Acanthodelta scorzai'''''
Machadosentis
Machadosentis Noronha, 1992 contains only one species:- Machadosentis travassosi Noronha, 1992