President of the Republic

The President of the Republic is a title used for heads of state and/or heads of government in countries having a republican form of government.

Designation

In most cases the president of a republic is elected, either:

by direct universal suffrage, or
by indirect suffrage, or
by a Parliament or one of its Chambers, or
by an electoral college which may itself be designated.

Africa

: President of Algeria, President of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria since 1963
: President of Angola, President of the Republic of Angola since 1975
: President of Benin, President of the Republic of Benin since 1960
: President of Botswana, President of the Republic of Botswana since 1966
: President of Burkina Faso, President of the Republic of Burkina Faso since 1960
: President of Burundi, President of the Republic of Burundi since 1966
: President of Cameroon, President of the Republic of Cameroon since 1960
: President of Cape Verde, President of the Republic of Cape Verde since 1975
: President of the Central African Republic since 1960, abolished in 1976 with the creation of the Central African Empire, restored in 1979
: President of Chad, President of the Republic of Chad since 1962
: President of the Comoros, President of the Union of the Comoros since 1977
: President of the Republic of the Congo since 1960
: President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since 1960
: President of Djibouti, President of the Republic of Djibouti since 1977
: President of Egypt, President of the Arab Republic of Egypt since 1953
: President of Equatorial Guinea, President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea since 1968
: President of Eritrea, President of the State of Eritrea since 1993
: President of Ethiopia, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia since 1974
: President of Gabon, President of the Gabonese Republic since 1960
: President of the Gambia, President of the Republic of The Gambia since 1970
: President of Ghana, President of the Republic of Ghana since 1960
: President of Guinea, President of the Republic of Guinea since 1958
: President of Guinea-Bissau, President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau since 1973
: President of Ivory Coast, President of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire since 1960
: President of Kenya, President of the Republic of Kenya since 1964
: President of Liberia, President of the Republic of Liberia since 1847
: President of Madagascar, President of the Republic of Madagascar since 1959
: President of Malawi, President of the Republic of Malawi since 1966
: President of Mali, President of the Republic of Mali since 1965
: President of Mauritania, President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania since 1961
: President of Mauritius, President of the Republic of Mauritius since 1992
: President of Mozambique, President of the Republic of Mozambique since 1975
: President of Namibia, President of the Republic of Namibia since 1990
: President of Niger, President of the Republic of Niger since 1960
: President of Nigeria, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria since 1963
: President of Rwanda, President of the Republic of Rwanda since 1961
: President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since 1982
: President of São Tomé and Príncipe, President of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe since 1975
: President of Senegal, President of the Republic of Senegal since 1960
: President of Seychelles, President of the Republic of Seychelles since 1976
: President of Sierra Leone, President of the Republic of Sierra Leone since 1971
: President of Somalia, President of the Federal Republic of Somalia since 1960
: President of Somaliland, President of the Republic of Somaliland since 1991
: President of South Africa, President of the Republic of South Africa since 1994
: President of South Sudan, President of the Republic of South Sudan since 2011
: President of Sudan, President of the Republic of Sudan since 1958
: President of Tanzania, President of the United Republic of Tanzania since 1964
: President of Togo, President of the Togolese Republic since 1960
: President of Tunisia, President of the Republic of Tunisia since 1957
: President of Uganda, President of the Republic of Uganda since 1963
: President of Zambia, President of the Republic of Zambia since 1964
: President of Zimbabwe, President of the Republic of Zimbabwe since 1980

Americas

: President of Argentina, Presidente de la Nación Argentina since 1826
: President of Barbados, President of Barbados since 2021
: President of Bolivia, Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia since 1825
: President of Brazil, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil since 1889
: President of Chile, Presidente de la República de Chile since 1826
: President of Colombia, Presidente de la República de Colombia since 1819
: President of Costa Rica, Presidente de la República de Costa Rica since 1848
: President of Cuba, Presidente de la República de Cuba since 1902
: President of Dominica, President of the Commonwealth of Dominica since 1978
: President of the Dominican Republic, Presidente de la República Dominicana since 1844
: President of Ecuador, Presidente de la República del Ecuador since 1830
: President of El Salvador, Presidente de la República de El Salvador since 1841
: President of Guatemala, Presidente de la República de Guatemala since 1839
: President of Guyana, President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana since 1980
: President of Haiti, Président de la République d'Haïti, Prezidan peyi Repiblik Ayiti since 1807
: President of Honduras, Presidente de la República de Honduras since 1982
: President of Mexico, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 1824 to 1864 and since 1867
: President of Nicaragua, Presidente de la República de Nicaragua since 1854
: President of Panama, Presidente de la República de Panamá since 1904
: President of Paraguay, Presidente de la República del Paraguay since 1844
: President of Peru, presidente de la República del Perú since 1823
: President of Suriname, President van de Republiek Suriname since 1975
: President of Trinidad and Tobago, President of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago since 1976
: President of the United States of America since 1789
: President of Uruguay, Presidente de la República Oriental del Uruguay since 1830
: President of Venezuela, Presidente de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela since 1830

Asia

: President of Bangladesh, গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রপতি, President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh since 1971
: President of the People's Republic of China, 中华人民共和国主席 since 1954, abolished in 1975, restored in 1982
: President of East Timor, Presidente da República Democrática de Timor-Leste or Prezidente Republika Demokratika Timor-Leste, President of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste since 2002
: President of India, भारत गणराज्य के राष्ट्रपति, President of the Republic of India since 1950
: President of Indonesia, Presiden Republik Indonesia since 1945
: President of Iran, رییس‌جمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān since 1980
: President of Iraq, رئيس العراق Rayis aleiraq since 1958
: President of Israel, נשיא מדינת ישראל, President of the State of Israel since 1948
: President of Kazakhstan, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті, Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Prezïdenti since 1990
: President of South Korea, 대한민국 대통령, President of the Republic of Korea since 1948
: President of Kyrgyzstan, Кыргыз Республикасынын Президенти or Президент Киргизской Республики, President of the Kyrgyz Republic since 1990
: President of Laos, President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic since 1975
: President of Lebanon, رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية Rayiys aljumhuriat allubnania since 1926
: President of the Maldives 1953-54 and since 1968
: President of Mongolia, Монгол Улсын Ерөнхийлөгч, Mongol Ulsyn Yerönkhiilögch since 1990
: President of Myanmar, ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်‌ သမ္မတ, President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar since 1948
: President of Nepal, संघीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपालका अध्यक्ष, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal since 2008
: President of Pakistan, صدر اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان, President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan since 1956
: President of Palestine, رئيس دولة فلسطين Rayiys dawlat filastin since 1989
: President of the Philippines, President of the Republic of the Philippines, "Pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas" since 1899
: President of Singapore, President of the Republic of Singapore since 1965
: President of Sri Lanka, ශ්‍රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති, இலங்கை சனாதிபதி since 1972
: President of Syria, رئيس سوريا Rayis suria since 1946
: President of the Republic of China, 中華民國總統 since 1912
: President of Tajikistan, Президенти Тоҷикистон or Президент Таджикистана, President of the Republic of Tajikistan since 1990
: President of Turkmenistan, Türkmenistanyň ministrler kabinetiniň prezidenti we başlygy, President and chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan since 1990
: President of Uzbekistan, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Prezidenti since 1990
: President of Vietnam, President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since 1976, abolished in 1981, restored in 1992
: President of Yemen, رئيس الجمهورية اليمنية Rayiys aljumhuriat alyamania since 1990

Europe

: President of Albania, Presidenti i Shqipërisë since 1991
: President of Armenia, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության նախագահ, President of the Republic of Armenia since 1991
: President of Austria, Bundespräsident der Republik Österreich since 1920
: President of Azerbaijan, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan since 1990
: President of Belarus, Прэзідэнт Рэспублікі Беларусь or Президент Республики Беларусь since 1994
: President of Bulgaria, Президент на Република България since 1990
: President of Croatia Predsjednik Republike Hrvatske since 1990
: President of Cyprus, Πρόεδρος της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας or Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı since 1960
: President of the Czech Republic, Prezident České republiky since 1993
: President of Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi President since 1992
: President of Finland, tasavallan presidentti or republikens president since 1919
: President of the French Republic, Président de la République Française 1848-52 and since 1870
: President of Georgia, საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი since 1991
: President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1949-90 for West Germany only, and since 1990 for all of Germany
: President of the Hellenic Republic, Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας between 1924 and 1935, and since 1973
: President of the Republic of Hungary, Köztársasági elnök since 1989
: President of Iceland, Forseti Íslands since 1944
: President of Ireland, Uachtarán na hÉireann since 1938
: President of the Italian Republic, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana since 1948
: President of Kosovo, Presidenti i Republikës së Kosovës or Председник Републике Косова, President of the Republic of Kosovo since 2008
: President of Latvia, Latvijas Valsts prezidents, President of the Republic of Latvia since 1922
: President of Lithuania, Lietuvos Respublikos Prezidentas, President of the Republic of Lithuania since 1919
: President of Malta, President tar-Repubblika ta' Malta, President of the Republic of Malta since 1974
: President of Moldova, Președintele Republicii Moldova, President of the Republic of Moldova since 1990
: President of Montenegro, Предсједник Црне Горе since 1990
: President of North Macedonia, Претседател на Република Северна Македонија or Presidenti i Republikës së Maqedonisë së Veriut, President of the Republic of North Macedonia since 1991
: President of Northern Cyprus Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı since 1983
: President of Poland, Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej since 1922
: President of the Portuguese Republic, Presidente da República Portuguesa since 1910
: President of Romania, Președintele României since 1990
: President of Russia, Президент Российской Федерации Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii since 1991
: President of Serbia, Председник Републике Србије Predsednik Republike Srbije since 1945
: President of the Slovak Republic, Prezident Slovenskej republiky since 1993
: President of Slovenia, Predsednik Republike Slovenije since 1991
: President of Switzerland, President of the Swiss Confederation since 1848
: President of Turkey, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı since 1923
: President of Ukraine, Президент України since 1991

Oceania

: President of Fiji, President of the Republic of Fiji since 1987
: President of French Polynesia since 1984
: President of Kiribati, President of the Republic of Kiribati since 1979
: President of the Marshall Islands, President of the Republic of the Marshall Islands since 1979
: President of Micronesia, President of the Federated States of Micronesia since 1979
: President of Nauru, President of the Republic of Nauru since 1968
: President of Palau, President of the Republic of Palau since 1981
: President of Vanuatu, President of the Republic of Vanuatu since 1980