Podolian dialect

History

Area

Main features

Phonetics

• merger of vowels , and , in an unstressed position: силó , шерóкий , туб’í , дуп’íк ;
• lack of transition of into , after palatalized consonants ;
• lack of palatalization in before vowels: бурáк , радóк , расни́й , зорá , говóру ;
• in southern varieties: lack of palatalization in word-final : хлопец , місяц ;
• lack of palatalization in , , , , , before that stems from etymological : ніс , сік , стіл , лій ;
• insertion of , after labial consonants: рипл’áх , здорóўл’а , мн’áсо ;
• transition of into in -vn-: рíмний , дамнó ;
• insertion of consonants , before word-initial vowels: госінь , восінь , горати , ворати ;
• lack of gemination in consonants: нас’íн’а, кор’íн’а, жит’á;
• lack of palatalization of word-final in verbs: рóбит, нóсит, рóбл’ат, нóс’ат, роб’íт, нос’íт;
• lack of dental consonant transition into sibilants in verb forms: хóд’у, нóс’у, крýт’у, вóд’у.

  Morphology

• lack of differentiation between "soft" and "hard" stems in declination of nouns: кон’óв’і, товáришов’і, кон’óм, товáришом, земл’óйу, долóн’ойу, грýшойу, пóлʼом;
• in western varieties endings of feminine single nouns in instrumental case have the form -еў or -оў, -ом: землéў, душéў, земл’óў, душóў, земл’óм, душóм;
• in southern varieties single nouns of 3rd declension in genitive have the ending -и: сóли, смéрти; certain nouns in locative case have the ending -ох: у с’íн’ох, у грýд’ох;
• shortening of feminine adjective and possessive pronouns in dative and locative cases: зелéн’і трав’í, на зелéн’і трав’í;
• lack of differentiation between "soft" and "hard" word stems in adjectives: си́ний, дáвний;
• usage of suffix -ішч for creation of comparative forms: добр’íшчий, син’íшчий;
• presence of analytical and synthetic future forms: роби́тиму, бýду роби́ти і бýду роби́ў;
• in western varieties: widespread use of complex past verb forms ; use of particle ся in pre-word position.

  Lexical features

In literature