Pierre Lyonnet


Pierre Lyonnet or Lyonet was a Dutch artist and engraver who became a naturalist. He was a collector both of shells and paintings, whose collection included Woman Reading a Letter by Vermeer, now in the Rijksmuseum. This fetched far less than his best shells in the auctions of his collection after his death.

Biography

According to the RKD he was a pupil of Hendrik van Limborch, Carel de Moor, and Jan Wandelaar.
He was secretary and translator for the government of the Dutch Republic.
Initially he trained as a lawyer before choosing to specialize in the engraving of natural history and the work of dissection. He illustrated Theology of the insects, or demonstration of the perfections of God in all that relates to the insects of Friedrich [Christian Lesser] and Treatise on the polyps of Abraham Trembley. He then decided to make his do own observations and to write his own monograph on the anatomy of the insects. His first work appeared in 1760 under the name of Anatomical treatise of the caterpillar which corrodes the wood of Willow. He illustrated 4,041 different muscles thus. He lacked the anatomical knowledge of Jan Swammerdam and of Marcello Malpighi and his observations show it. His book was received with scepticism which affirmed that Lyonnet imagined the details which he drew with so much precision. It was to counter these criticisms, that he put in the second edition which appears in 1762, a drawing of its instruments and a description of its method. Lyonnet planned to study the chrysalis and the adult but, sixty years old, the tiredness of his eyes obliged him to stop his projects.
Lyonnet was elected a fellow of the Royal Society on 14 January 1748.

Literature

  • Wouter Hendrik van Seters, Pierre Lyonet, 1706–1789: Sa vie, ses collections de coquillages et de tableux ses reserches entomologiques.
  • Emile Hublard, Le naturaliste hollandais Pierre Lyonet: sa vie et ses oeuvres d'apres des lettres inédites.
  • Karl Maria Michael de Leeuw, Cryptology and statecraft in the Dutch Republic .
  • Koen Scholten, "Pierre Lyonet's Study of Insects: Displaying Virtue and Gaining Social Status through Natural History", Studium, vol. 11:4 : 245–259.
  • "Van lezen en microscopen IV: Trembley en Lyonet"
Category:1706 births
Category:1789 deaths
Category:Dutch illustrators
Category:Dutch entomologists
Category:18th-century Dutch naturalists
Category:Dutch engravers
Category:Fellows of the Royal Society
Category:Artists from Maastricht
Category:Art collectors from The Hague