Phra Kanchaisri
Phra Kanchaisri or simply Phra Kal is a deity whose worship originated from ancient Indian traditions. He is traditionally venerated as a pair alongside Kali, originally called Phra Kal Phra Kuli or Phra Kal Kuli. Over time, the name evolved—"Kuli" became distorted and was later shortened to "Kli", which sounded frightening to ears during the Rattanakosin period. Therefore, to make the name more auspicious and appropriate for official use—especially around the reign of King Rama IV—the suffix was changed to Chai Si. This modification can be seen in royal decrees such as the water oath declaration. However, among the general public, the deity continued to be referred to simply as Phra Kal.
Despite the linguistic evolution, the worship of Phra Kal has persisted in Thai popular belief and has merged with local animist traditions, represented in figures such as Ta Kala and Yai Kali, regional spiritual deities.
A revered image of Phra Kanchaisri is housed inside the Bangkok City Pillar Shrine.